Henan is named because it is located in most areas south of the Yellow River. The land area of the province is 67,000 square kilometers (17 ranks first in the country, accounting for 0.74% of the total area). By the end of 2008, the total population of Henan Province was 99/kloc-0.80 million (ranking first in the country), and the resident population was 94.29 million. There are Henan, Anhui and Shandong in the east, Hebei and Shanxi in the north, Shaanxi in the west and Hubei in the south, showing a north-south and east-west trend. It is the capital of Zhengzhou.

Henan is the most important birthplace of Chinese civilization and the Chinese nation. More than 4,000 years ago, it was located in Kyushu Center, Y Prefecture, Henan Province, China, so it was called "Songyuan" for short, and it is also known as "Central Plains" and "Central Plains". Henan is the main residence of early China people and the ancestral home of most China people. China's political, economic and cultural center has been in Henan for most of its history. In China's history, it started from Henan, the first capital of Xia Dynasty. There are more than 20 capitals in Henan, including Xia, Shang, Western Zhou (Zhou Luoyi), Eastern Zhou, Western Han (early years), Eastern Han, Cao Wei, Western Jin, Northern Wei, Sui and Tang Dynasties (including Zhou and Wu Dynasties), Five Dynasties, Northern Song Dynasty and Jin Dynasty. Among the eight ancient capitals of China, Henan Province accounts for four, namely Zhengzhou and Anyang, the one-time capitals of Xia and Shang Dynasties, Luoyang and Kaifeng, the ancient capitals facing 13, and the seven ancient capitals of North Korea. However, in the history of China, Henan is one of the most concentrated areas of war and disaster. In different historical periods, a large number of Henan people moved to foreign countries in order to escape the war, which greatly promoted the development of many parts of the motherland and the spread of Chinese civilization.