1, the charm of Chinese painting-Huangshan, when I met the sea of clouds on Lion Peak and the misty pines on Qifeng Peak, I realized that the freehand brushwork of China landscape painting really came from nature! The traditional reputation of "returning from Mount Huangshan without looking at Yue" is worthy of the name (considering that scholars in past dynasties mainly lived in the Han culture area east of the east-west climate boundary in China, Mount Huangshan is one of the famous mountains, which is not very comparable to the famous iceberg snow mountain in recent years), it is no wonder that Zhang Daqian, a master of Chinese painting, went to Mount Huangshan to sketch again and again.
Xin 'an Painting School: Cheng Zheng, a pioneer in Yuan Dynasty, began to form the style of Xin 'an Painting School in Ming Dynasty. At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the four schools of Haiyang, namely (Jianjiang), Chashibiao, Sun Yi and Wang, showed an abnormal development trend. They advocated learning from nature, expressed their feelings with pen and ink, and made bold innovations, which brought new vitality to the painting world in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.
2. Huizhou architecture
Folk houses in traditional culture (or China folk houses in foreigners' impression) look like Hongcun, so it's no wonder that the houses next to Moon Bay are all stamped with folk houses.
Huizhou architecture is characterized by tile, powder wall and horse head wall, with brick carving, wood carving and stone carving as decorative features, and high houses, deep wells and halls as home features. Residential buildings in Huizhou are surrounded by high walls, which are called "uphill walls" (white walls, Dahe Horsehead walls). Huizhou architecture fully embodies its distinctive features in urban planning, plane and space treatment, and comprehensive application of architectural carving art, especially in residential buildings, ancestral halls, memorial archways, etc., and is known as "the three wonders of Huizhou ancient architecture".
Now you can visit Huizhou Prefecture (almost all other places have been destroyed) and visit the houses in Xidi area of Hongcun, Yixian County. There are many ancestral temples scattered in Huizhou, as well as the ancient paifang group in Shexian County (it is said that it is the shooting place of the Seventh Gate of Qiong Yao TV), and all kinds of wonderful buildings are clustered in Huizhou.
3. Hui Opera and Peking Opera
If we want to talk about China elements, we should talk about Peking Opera.
Huizhou Opera evolved from the absorption of Yiyang Opera and Western Qin Opera by Huizhou artists in Ming and Qing Dynasties. By the middle of the Qing Dynasty, Huizhou Opera was popular all over the country, forming a perfect drama with equal emphasis on singing, reading, doing and acting. "Huizhou Class Four" moved from Yangzhou to Beijing, which pushed Huizhou Opera to its peak. During the Daoguang period, the combination of Hui opera and Han opera produced Peking Opera.
4. Four Treasures of the Study
This is also a typical China element, pen and ink.
Huizhou is a famous producing area of Huimo stone and Huimo, which can be seen everywhere in shopping streets. There are also Hui ink cakes made of black sesame seeds, which are very distinctive (edible Hui ink), Hui ink, inkstone, Tang paper and Wang Boli pen. The research on Huizhou Four Treasures of the Study is very complete, but the latter two are relatively less popular in China.
5. Neo-Confucianism
When I was studying history, I knew that Zhu's Neo-Confucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty was highly respected. Although I am disgusted with his abnormal thought of demanding chastity, I have to admit that Neo-Confucianism is also a school with great influence in the history of China's thought.
The spread and influence of Xin 'an Neo-Confucianism is particularly far-reaching, and it is called "Xin 'an Neo-Confucianism" in the world. The founders of Neo-Confucianism, Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi in Luoyang and Master Zhu in Wuyuan, were all from Ruodun in Shexian County, so they were called "Queli in Zhu Cheng". Zhu Jian established a strict system of neo-Confucianism, integrated Taoism and Zen thoughts into Confucianism, and put forward a series of important ideological categories such as "heaven", "qi", "governor" and "knowing and doing". He believes that "reason" is supreme and all-encompassing, so it is called "Neo-Confucianism".
6. tea
Tea is also a typical element in China, and it has always been a major branch of traditional trade.
Huizhou tea has a long history, which has been handed down from generation to generation in written records for more than 200 years. Shexian County is the largest tea-producing county in China, with a long history of "Qi Hong" and "Tunlu" renowned at home and abroad. Huangshan Mao Feng, Taiping Monkey Kui and Dinggu Dafang are the top ten famous teas in China.
Huizhou tea culture is rich in accumulation, and there are countless tea poems, paintings and works in the past dynasties. Tea merchants and tea merchants have made great achievements, and time-honored brands such as Wu Yutai and Zhang Yiyuan (both from Shexian County) are still shining.
7. Chinese medicine
This is also a typical traditional element in China.
Xin 'an Medicine: Originated in the Northern Song Dynasty and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. From the Song Dynasty to the end of Qing Dynasty, 543 famous doctors emerged and edited more than 460 medical books, some of which spread to Korea and Japan. The famous book "On Medicine" 10 written by Zhang Gao in Song Dynasty is the earliest work in China containing a large number of biographies of medical historical figures and medical historical materials, and it is also the first relatively complete medical work in Xin 'an. Qimen Wang Ji wrote 3 volumes of Shishan Medical Records, which is eclectic in clinic and good at seeing pulse conditions. The 12 volume "Medical Records of Famous Doctors" compiled by Shexian River is rich in content, and it is the first monograph in China to collect medical records of famous doctors in Bian Que, Cang Gong, Hua Tuo and Yuan and Ming Dynasties.
8. Huizhou merchants
9. Taoism
10, abacus
1 1, Huizhou general school
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12, seal cutting, printmaking, wood carving, book carving, etc.