Venue: Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo and Zhang Zhidong.
Westernization Movement, also known as Tongzhi Reform and Self-improvement Movement. From 65438 to 1990, the Westernization Movement in the late Qing Dynasty introduced western military equipment, machine production and science and technology to save the rule of the Qing Dynasty.
Based on the principle of "learning from foreigners for self-improvement" and the principle of "taking middle school as the body and western learning as the application", the main representatives in the central government are the aristocratic officials of Manchu imperial clan represented by Prince Gong, and the main representatives in the local government are the Han officials represented by Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo and Zhang Zhidong.
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Main contents and measures of Westernization Movement;
1. Under the banner of "self-improvement", we will introduce advanced western production technology, establish a new military industry, cultivate new naval forces, and build a modern navy such as Beiyang Navy. Among them, the largest modern military enterprise is Jiangnan Manufacturing General Administration founded in Shanghai.
2. Under the banner of "seeking wealth", establish various new civilian industries such as ships, railways, telegrams, mining and textiles. For example, the largest private enterprise established in Shanghai is "China Shipping Merchants Bureau". At the same time, it promoted the development of national industry in modern China.
3. Establish new schools, send overseas students abroad for further study, and train translators, military personnel and scientific and technological personnel. Shi Jing Wentong Museum 1862 was established in Beijing, which is the earliest new government-run school in China.
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