Mongolian traditional folk Long song long tune

In the long history, the Mongolian people have created their own splendid civilization and unique culture. Mongolian nomads have their own traditional music-long songs. This long song shows the life of nomadic people on Mongolian grassland. It is a witness of this particular cultural group; Where there are grasslands, where there are nomads, there is Long song. Music is loud, in order to convey the information of nomadic lifestyle. In the long history, Mongolians have created their own splendid civilization, especially nomadic culture. Mongolian long-tune folk songs can be called the flower of nomadic culture that never fades. Long tune is closely related to Mongolian grassland and nomadic lifestyle, bearing the history of Mongolian. Where there are grasslands and shepherds, there are long tunes. The long, high-pitched and distant style is suitable for narration and is longer than lyric, which is a symbolic display of Mongolian production, life and spiritual character.

Long song is popular in China, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Mongolia People's Republic. In 2005 1 1 month, the traditional Mongolian patriarch song representing Mongolia and China was listed as the representative of human oral and intangible heritage by UNESCO. Mongolian long-tune folk songs are also a cross-border culture, and China Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Mongolia People's Republic are the most important cultural distribution areas of Mongolian long-tune folk songs. China and Mongolia jointly declared "Mongolian long-tune folk songs", which was approved by UNESCO as "oral and intangible cultural heritage of mankind" in June 2005.

Short tune of Mongolian traditional folk songs

Mongolians have another type of folk songs, which are called short songs. Different from Long song, it is generally written in rhyming antitheses, with a fixed rhythm and simple lyrics. The lyrics of this short song often repeat. Mainly distributed in semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas where Han and Mongolian live together. In addition, it is often used to improve songs, such as Xibe Lama, honey wine, camel painting by the elder brother of the 20 Zodiac, etc. Short notes are named after comparing with long notes. Obviously different from long-tune folk songs, short-tune is generally rhymed in two lines, two sentences or four sentences, and the beat is relatively fixed. The lyrics are simple, but not rigid, characterized by a large number of overlapping words in phonology. Short-tune folk songs are mainly popular in semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas where Mongolian and Chinese live together. Often improvise, very flexible. There are four or eight lamas who are popular, and the wine smells like honey. The brother who pulls the camel is the zodiac.

Mongolia Humai Maihu

Khoomei, or "Lin Hao Chor", is a shocking Mongolian music. It uses a singer to sing two parts at the same time, a treble and a bass, which is unique in all music. Humai, also known as "Lin Haochao", is a magical singing method among Mongolians. Its magic lies in that one person can sing two parts at the same time, a treble and a bass.

Khoomei in Mongolian means "throat", so it is called a kind of throat singing art, or "chor"-a complex tone. Through special vocal skills, a singer can produce two voices at the same time, which produces a rare harmonic resonance. First, the singer held her breath, forcing air out of the vocal cords and making a bass sound. Then, he adjusted the resonance of the air in his mouth to strengthen and concentrate the overtones. Its effect is to emit a high-pitched, bright and clear sound with a metallic taste. A master vocalist can sing Long song, Allegro and world-famous music works with his two voices. The original meaning of "Humai" in Mongolian is "throat", so Humai can be called a throat singing art and a superb singing form of Mongolian polyphony "Chaoerhao". It sings two kinds of voices at the same time with special vocal skills, forming a rare multi-voice form. Singers use breath-holding skills to make the breath violently impact the vocal cords, making a strong bubble sound and forming a bass. On this basis, skillfully adjust the * * * sound of the oral cavity, strengthen and concentrate the overtones, and sing transparent and clear high notes with metallic sounds, thus obtaining extremely wonderful sound effects. A skilled "Humai" singer can sing slow and long tunes, allegro and world famous songs in two voices.

The origin of Khoomei comes from a strange story among Mongolian people. Ancient people lived in the deep mountains and saw rivers and waterfalls rushing down from the mountains, echoing for miles. Khoomei is just an imitation of these sounds. Humai is still very popular among Mongolians in Altai mountain area of Xinjiang. Mongolians have a strange saying about the appearance of Humai: ancient ancestors moved in the deep mountains, saw the branches of rivers branching, waterfalls flying down, mountains singing, valleys echoing, and heard dozens of miles, so they imitated Humai. Humai is still circulating among the Mongolians in Altai mountain area of Xinjiang.

There are few kinds of Khoomei, which is limited by its difficult singing. The first basic category is to praise the beauty of nature, such as Ode to Altai and Running Water of the Ebu River. Second, imitate the lovely behavior of wild animals, such as cuckoo and black bear, and still use the music played in the hunting era today. The third category is songs about practicing horses and grasslands, such as Liu Haima is four years old. Humai's repertoire is not particularly rich because of the limitation of special singing skills. Generally speaking, there are three kinds: one is to sing beautiful natural scenery, such as Ode to Altai Mountain and Ebu River; The second is to express and simulate the lovely images of wild animals, such as "cuckoo" and "black bear", and retain the musical remains of the hunting culture period in the mountains; The third is to praise the good horse grassland, such as the "four-year-old hippocampus".

Khoomei usually sings short songs; However, it is also possible to perform several long-tune songs. From the story of its origin and lyrical content, throat song is considered as the product of Mongolian hunting culture. As far as its musical style is concerned, Humai is mainly short-tune music, but also sings some short long-tune songs, and there are not many such tracks. Judging from the Humai legend and the theme of the track, the singing form of "throat sound" is the product of the hunting culture period in Mongolian mountainous areas.

The Mongolian hula hoop, praised by musicians as "the sound of nature", is indeed a stunt. In recent years, it has been mastered by more and more Mongolian musicians. Now, Humai has been listed as a masterpiece of China's intangible cultural heritage by the Ministry of Culture. The singing method of Mongolian Humai, which is praised as "the sound of nature" by the music industry, is called "stunt". In recent years, it has been excavated, sorted out and mastered by more and more artists in Inner Mongolia. Humai was included in the list of national intangible cultural heritage recommended by the Ministry of Culture of China.

Source: China Intercontinental Press.