Shexian County, which belongs to Huangshan City in the south of Anhui Province, is one of the six daming county in Huizhou and one of the birthplaces of Huizhou culture. This is the seat of the ancient Huizhou government, the birthplace of Huizhou culture and the quintessence of Peking Opera, the main birthplace of Huizhou merchants, and also the main birthplace of Four Treasures of the Study, Huimo and She Yan, which are well known throughout the ages. 1986 was awarded the title of national historical and cultural city.
Shexian calendar has been the seat of county, state, road and government since the establishment of Qin dynasty, and it has been a county in the same city for thousands of years until modern times. The ancient city of Shexian, consisting of Fucheng and the county seat, is the political, economic and cultural center of ancient Huizhou.
Fucheng was built in the late Sui Dynasty (about 6 17 AD). At first, the city wall was slightly smaller, and it expanded to a later scale in the middle of the Tang Dynasty (882). After the Fang La Uprising at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty and the Peasant War at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, they were all overhauled. The existing city wall is about 1500m. East and South Pagoda, Yinggong Well, Toad Well and Dahulu Well are historical relics before the Song Dynasty.
Streets and lanes such as Dabei Street, Doushan Street and Zhongshan Lane have basically maintained their Ming and Qing styles. The county seat is on the east side of Fucheng, and the city wall was built in the thirty-fourth year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty, after the Japanese invaded the territory. The city wall was built along the ridge with remnants, but Xin 'anmen and Zhengwenmen are relatively complete.
Shexian Ancient City, together with the second batch of national historical and cultural cities, Langzhong Ancient City in Sichuan, Old Town of Lijiang in Yunnan and Pingyao Ancient City in Shanxi, are called "the four best preserved ancient cities in China", with cultural relics and historic sites all over the country and rich tourism resources.
There are 6 13 ground cultural relics in Shexian ancient city, with beautiful scenery, including 3 national cultural relics protection units and 2 1 provincial cultural relics protection units, accounting for about one-fifth of Anhui Province, and it is known as the "sea of cultural relics".
Among the local historical sites, there are ancient academies and Confucius temples. There are 16 Ming and Qing archways in Fucheng and Xiancheng, and more of them are scattered in the countryside. There are dozens of Ming and Qing archways in Rucun, Tang Yue, Dingtan, Changxi, Bei 'an, Shangfeng, Chengcun, Shen Du and other places, and Shexian is also known as the "hometown of archways".