1, topographic relief:
The topography of western Europe fluctuates greatly, from coastal plain to inland plateau, and then to mountainous area, which has an important influence on the formation of climate. For example, the high altitude and low temperature in mountainous areas have a significant impact on climate cooling.
2. Mountains:
The trend of major mountain ranges in western Europe, such as Alps and Pyrenees, also affects the climate. The east-west trend of the Alps blocked the cold air from going south and also affected the distribution of rainfall.
3. Coastline:
The coastline of western Europe is long and tortuous, which also has an impact on ocean airflow and ocean. The curvature of the coastline and the tidal action of the ocean will affect the climate and hydrological characteristics of coastal areas.
4, the influence of topography on rainfall:
The uneven distribution of rainfall is caused by the changes of mountains and topography in western Europe. Mountainous areas have higher altitude and more rainfall, while coastal plain areas are relatively less.
The influence of western European topography on natural resources;
1, mineral resources:
Western Europe is rich in mineral resources, with complex terrain and a long history. For example, the mountainous areas in western Europe contain mineral resources such as iron ore, coal mine and copper mine, while the coastal areas contain resources such as oil and natural gas. The development and utilization of these resources have played an important role in promoting the economic development of Western Europe.
2. Water resources:
The topography of western Europe also has an important influence on water resources. Western Europe is characterized by undulating terrain, wide distribution of rivers, abundant rainfall and relatively rich water resources. However, due to the change of topography and the influence of climate, the distribution of precipitation and water resources in different regions is also very different.
3. Forest resources:
Forest resources are abundant and widely distributed in mountainous areas of western Europe. Forest resources such as pine and spruce in northern Europe, oak and chestnut in southern Europe are valuable natural wealth in western Europe.
4. Land resources:
The topography of western Europe also has an impact on land resources. Different areas have different soil types and land use patterns. For example, the black soil in the plain area is fertile and suitable for planting crops, while the mountainous area is suitable for developing forestry and animal husbandry.