In the early days, limited by ornamental and carving equipment, there were few micro-carvings. With the progress of the times and the development of science and technology, there are instruments and extremely fine and tough tools that can be used to watch smaller objects, resulting in smaller and smaller micro-carvings and more and more difficult carving. There are two forms of micro-sculpture. The sculpture refers to male sculpture, such as round sculpture relief, and the sculpture refers to female sculpture. One emphasizes space art and the other pays attention to plane art. Historically, these two art forms are collectively referred to as China micro-sculpture art. Micro-sculpture requires high materials because of its delicacy. Core, bone, ivory and bamboo are all good materials for micro-carving. "Micro-carving" refers to painting and writing with a knife instead of a pen, not only carving, but also coloring; It pays attention to the art of painting, while "round carving" pays attention to the art of sculpture, but the difference is only slight.
Micro carving can also be divided into soft carving and hard carving. Soft carving is carved on soft materials such as ivory wool, while hard carving is carved on hard materials such as agate, jade and porcelain with a degree of more than 6. Relatively speaking, hard carving is more difficult.
The picture on the right shows the bas-relief in the art of micro-sculpture-some people call it "Goddess Sculpture" (Source: Chushan Micro-sculpture).
The following picture shows the local enlargement of the micro-carvings "Red Cliff Fu" and "Humble Room Inscription" on bamboo green (each word is about 0.3 mm). The source of the work is Qi Xin's micro sculpture.
Many micro-carving works are often created by the joint implementation of male and female carving techniques. Seal cutting is the foundation of the emergence and development of micro-engraving. Since the Ming and Qing dynasties, many literati have painted with iron pens in square seals, pinning their interests and entertaining themselves. After Shoushan stone became the seal material, the micro-carving art of Shoushan stone began to appear. In the early Qing Dynasty, both Yang Xuan and Zhou Bin carved fine print on Shoushan stone carving patterns. Lin is a master sculptor of "Ximenbo School". He often carves his name and production date in the grass and cracks of his sculptures with extremely fine brushstrokes. Later, some people even carved ancient poems as marginal paragraphs around the square column of the seal, using extremely fine words.
In 1960s, with the application of magnifying glass and other advanced scientific instruments in the field of micro-carving, micro-carving art became a brand-new art with unique style. Many micro-carved works often have micro-carved poems or articles on the screen. At this time, people are more and more aware of the importance of the calligraphy effect of micro-carved characters. Although some works are exquisitely carved, they are just a bunch of ants. Under the magnifying glass, they are deformed, and the fonts are dim, skewed or distorted, which is really not enough. Especially in micro-carving works, micro-carving skills have become the criteria for judging the success or failure of micro-carving works. The reason why good works are respected by people is not only the technique of micro-carving, but also the layout of micro-carving and the calligraphy skills of iron pen and silver hook. Yu Shuoqi, a master of micro-carving in Qing Dynasty, was good at micro-carving on the side bones of folding fans. He could carve 30 lines on the finger-wide fan bones without any trouble, and his pen was very elegant. Limited by the material of bamboo itself, modern sculptors have rarely carved such fine print on bamboo. It has certain collection value. Guo Yueming, a native of pingshan county, Sichuan Province, is also committed to the research and development of micro-writing, micro-carving and micro-engraving.
The Micro-Sculpture Research Association was established in Fuzhou, with more than 0 members/kloc-0, including Chen Zhongsen,,, Chen Mingde, Zhang Ping,,,, Lin, etc. All of them are devoted to the discussion, research and practice of micro-sculpture.
In the 1990s, You Jiarui's Shoushan Stone "The Stone Carving on the Cliff by the Table" is small and exquisite, with various shapes, and it has certain appreciation value with the art of micro-engraving.
2014 165438+1October16 British artist Jon Ty Jonty Hurwitz created a series of miniature portraits with dimensions only half the width of human hair in 10 months by using the breakthrough 3D printing technology. These micro-carvings can be placed on the heads of ants or on the pinholes of sewing needles. Leonid Hurvich has seven micro sculptures, which are called "nano sculptures". Leonid hurwicz spent 65,438+00 months designing and carving them, and finally presented these dazzling works of art under the microscope used to examine cancer cells.