Dou Taihou (205 BC-BC 135), whose name is unknown, is said to be Yi, a native of Qinghe County (now Qinghe County, Hebei Province). Dou's family was born in poverty. In order to escape the Qin Dynasty, her father went fishing in Guanjin in seclusion, but unfortunately he fell into the river and died, leaving three orphans. In the early Han Dynasty, the imperial court went to Qinghe. At that time, several maids were chosen for the King of Qi, five of whom were Dou. Dou lives in Qinghe, near Zhao, and hopes to go to Zhao. She asked the eunuch in charge of sending maids to put her name on the roster to go to Zhao. The eunuch forgot about it when distributing maids and mistakenly put her name on the list of going abroad. So she went to Daiguo. Although this was not her wish, Liu Heng, 20, came to China and fell in love with it. She first gave birth to a daughter Liu Pu with her, and then gave birth to two sons: Liu Qi and Liu Wu.

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Liu Heng, the former acting king, died shortly after giving birth to four sons. After Dai Wang became Emperor Wen of Chinese, four sons of former Wang Housheng died one after another. In this way, shortly after Emperor Wendi ascended the throne, the eldest son Liu Qili became a prince, and in the first year of Yuan Dynasty (180 BC) and March, Ji was made a queen by the thin queen mother, princess royal was made a Guantao by Liu Pu, the youngest son Liu Wuxian was made a generation king, and Liang Xiaowang was later made a generation king. Chen Shali version of Dou Taihou (Figure 7) Queen Dou's parents died young and were buried in Guanjin. Empress Bo ordered Dou Taihou's father to be An Chenghou and his mother to be An Chenghou. The cemetery was placed in Qinghe County, his hometown, with the same specifications and ceremony as Ling Wenyuan, the father of Empress Bo. After Han Jing ascended the throne, Dou Taihou built a tomb in the south of Guanjin to show filial piety and fill the abyss where his father fell. The person's number is Dushi Qingshan. (Records of Historical Records by Suoyin and Bei Tang's Notes by Banknotes) Dou Hou and his two brothers Dou Changjun and Dou Guangguo. Shao Jun, the son of Guangguo, was abducted to other places when he was four or five years old because of his poor family, and there was no news of him. Later, it was sold for more than a dozen, and finally it went to Yiyang (now Yiyang West, Henan Province), where it was dug for others. One evening, more than 100 people slept on the cliff, and suddenly the cliff collapsed, killing all the people sleeping on the cliff. Only Shao Jun escaped. A few days later, he followed his master to Chang 'an, and heard that the newly sealed queen's surname was Dou, and her native place was Guanjin. Although Dou Guangguo was young when he left home, he remembered his native place and surname, and vaguely remembered picking mulberry leaves with his sister and falling from the tree. He wrote down the Gui Yalei edition (6 pictures) of Dou Taihou in detail and entrusted it to Dou Hou. After seeing these materials, Dou Hou called Guangguo and asked about other things in detail. That's her own brother. The queen also reminded her brother of some past events. Shao Jun recalled: "When my sister went to the west, I remember asking for rice soup to wash my hair at the post office and then giving me a meal before leaving." Dou Hou listened, holding his brother's hand and crying. Queen Dou rewarded the two brothers and settled them in the capital. Later, virtuous elders were invited to live with them and educate them. Because of this, Dou Changjun and Dou later became modest gentlemen, afraid to be proud of their identity.

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Queen Dou is sick and blind. BC 157, Wendi died, Jingdi Liu Qi ascended the throne, and Dou Taihou became the Empress Dowager, known as Dou Taihou in history. Dou Taihou dotes on his youngest son, Liu Wu, so much that he can't calculate the return. He can't wait for him to ascend to the throne. At first, Jingdi had deep feelings for his younger brother, who was deeply loved by his mother and made great contributions to the Seven Kingdoms Rebellion. Not only did he go out with him, but he also boasted at a family dinner that he would entrust his life to the country. In the third year of the early Yuan Dynasty (before 154), before the establishment of the Prince, at a family dinner, Jingdi calmly said to Liu Wu, "I will pass on the throne to you after 1 1 Dou Taihou, Ruby Lin." Liu Wu talked about politely declining, but he was very happy. Dou Taihou was overjoyed. After being stopped by Dou Ying, he gave up. Later, Empress Dowager Cixi proposed that Liang Wang be the heir, and sought the opinions of ministers again. Yuan Ang and other ministers unanimously opposed it. In this way, the issue of Liang Wang's succession will be forgotten. But at the same time, it also laid a curse for the opposition ministers to shed blood in the capital in the future. His nephew, General Dou Ying, put down the Seven-Country Rebellion and made Qi Wei his successor. After the collapse of Emperor Wendi, the Dou clan was named Hou: the younger Dou Changjun died young, the younger Dou was named Nanpi Hou, and the younger Dou was named Zhang Wuhou. Dou Taihou believed in the study of Huang Lao. Jingdi and Dou clan had to read Laozi and respect its theory. Therefore, when she was alive, "all doctors have official questions, but they don't enter" ("Historical Records Biography of the Scholars"). When she arrived at Jingdi, she called Dr. Yuan Gusheng and asked him what book Laozi was. Yuan Gusheng didn't understand current affairs, and suddenly replied, "This is just a book that ordinary people read. It doesn't make sense." Dou Taihou was furious: "Is it necessary to write a book in Sikongcheng?" In the text, he laughed at the harshness of Confucianism, which was better than ordinary prison officials and Cheng Dan's criminal law. Yuan Gusheng wanted to turn around and leave, but was stopped by the queen mother and asked him to go to the pigsty to fight with the pigs. Liu Che (Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty), then a prince, saw that Yuan Gusheng was a weak scholar and was afraid of losing to a pig, so he threw a dagger and asked Yuan Gusheng to stab the pig to death. Therefore, during his sixteen years in office, Emperor Jingdi never used Confucian scholars. After Liu Che acceded to the throne, Empress Dowager Tai heard that he was a good Confucian, but in fact he was not, and he often intervened in state affairs. It is not convenient for Emperor Wu to disobey his grandmother, and he always asks her for instructions in all government affairs. At that time, Zhao Wan, an ancient imperial doctor, and Wang Zang, a doctor in the doctor's office, welcomed Lu Confucian scholars into the DPRK and suggested that the system should be antique, a temple should be set up to pray for peace, and clothes should be changed for the inauguration ceremony. They also suggested that in the future, political affairs "don't have to plead for the East Palace". Empress Dowager was furious and ordered Emperor Wudi to remove Zhao Wan and Wang Zang. Before her death, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty no longer respected Confucian scholars, which shows her political influence.

Edit this paragraph: Empress Dowager Period

Before Liu Heng proclaimed himself emperor, his wife died of illness. After Liu Heng ascended the throne, his four sons died one after another. In BC 180, Liu Heng, the acting king, became the Emperor of Chinese. Shortly after he ascended the throne, his ministers wrote a letter asking for the crown prince. At this time, among the philosophers, only Dou Shi's son Liu Qi was older, and Liu Qi was made a prince. In March, a company invited a queen. Empress Bo said, "All the scholars have the same surname, and the prince and mother are queens." The queen's surname is Dou. Liu Wuxian, the second son of Xiao Wen in Historical Records, was named acting king. Two years later, it was renamed King Huaiyang, and his daughter Liu Pu was named "Guantao princess royal". Because Dou's family was poor, he sympathized with the people's sufferings and thrived with Wendi, thus reducing the burden on the people. Emperor Wen "ascended the throne for twenty-three years, and rode horses in the palace without any income." (Han Emperor Moon Hee) Later, Dou Changjun and Dou Guangguo, the brothers of the Dou family, went to Chang 'an to recognize their relatives. Wendi was very happy to see the two grandmothers, and gave them many fields and houses to live in Chang 'an. Prime Minister He believes that these two grandmothers were born in poverty and did not study well, so they should choose German teachers to strengthen their education, so as not to repeat the mistakes made by the consorts of Lu. (Biography of Han consorts) Dou was old and his eyesight declined after a serious illness, and he gradually fell out of favor. In this regard, Queen Dou is naturally helpless and can only feel sad secretly. /kloc-in 0/69, King Huai of Liang fell off a horse and died. 168, renamed Liang Wang, historical name. 157 (Wendi died seven years ago), Wendi died. Chu Jun was enthroned as Emperor Han Jing, and Dou was the Empress Dowager. In the third year of Emperor Jingdi, the "Seven Kingdoms Rebellion" broke out and was settled after March. The following year, when Liang entered the DPRK, Emperor Jingdi gave a banquet and drank wine. Emperor Jingdi boasted to the Empress Dowager that it would spread to the Empress Dowager after her death, and the Empress Dowager was very happy. Because she dotes on her youngest son, Liu Wu. However, Dou Ying, his nephew, protested: "Father and son have been handed down from generation to generation, which is the ancestral system of the Han Dynasty. How did this happen? " These words offended the Queen Mother, and within a few days, Dou Taihou ordered Dou Ying to be removed from Huang Qi's list. Dou Taihou wanted Jingdi to make Liu Wu heir to the throne. But Jingdi just made a slip of the tongue after drinking, not really. However, if he doesn't do this, he will go against his mother's wishes. When he was in a dilemma, the minister or minister resolutely opposed it on the grounds of ancient system and ancestral training. Jingdi immediately decided to let his eldest son Liu Rong be the Crown Prince, but in less than a year, Liu Rong's grievance was abolished, and Dou Taihou took the opportunity to make Liu Wu his heir. Yuan Ang, the minister, wrote that it was inappropriate. Jingdi took the opportunity to make Liu Che a prince, and Dou Taihou's wish was dashed again. Liu Wu, King of Liang, heard that Yuan Ang and others were in the way and sent assassins to kill dozens of ministers, including Yuan Ang. Emperor Jing was furious and ordered the arrest of the real murderer. When the story was revealed, Liu Wu was helpless and the assassin committed suicide. Fortunately, Princess Guantao interceded for the Queen Mother. With Dou Taihou's intervention, it went away, but from then on, King Jing's heart could no longer hold Liang Wang. In BC 144, Liu Wu, King of Liang, died of illness. When Dou Taihou heard the news, he sobbed all day, didn't eat or drink, and often cursed: "The emperor really killed my son!" Seeing Jingdi's filial piety, I was anxious. I don't know what to do. Sister Guantao princess royal gave Jingdi advice and asked Jingdi to divide the beam into five parts. All five sons are kings, and all five daughters are married to Tang. Turn grief into joy in the rear. At this time, Dou Taihou was blind, and she liked the technique of Huang Lao. Jingdi and Dou Shi brothers also had to read Laozi and respect the technology of Huang Lao. "Huang Lao" refers to the Yellow Emperor and Lao Zi, and Taoism also respects Huang Lao as the ancestor, and advocates inaction and tolerance for others. The Dou family experienced three dynasties: Wendi, Jingdi and Wudi, and the history called the reign of Wendi and Jingdi as "the rule of Wenjing". The premise of Dou Taihou's thought of governing the country by Taoism is that after Deng Bai's Rebellion in the Western Han Dynasty, he found that his current national strength was not enough to confront or even destroy the Xiongnu regime in the north at that time, and the country had just experienced a war, and it was urgent to restore the national economy to develop production. Therefore, since the reign of Wen and Jing, the central government of the Western Han Dynasty has generally promoted the idea of governing the country by Huang Lao. The basic policies for the national economy have been fully implemented. Although disturbed by the rebellion of the seven countries, the overall economic situation of the country has irreversibly embarked on the track of benign development. By the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the country's economic strength was unprecedented and it had the strength to compete with the Xiongnu regime in the north. But at this time, Dou Taihou made a judgment: If we go to war at this time, we can't win, but we may destroy the accumulated achievements since Wenjing. Some ministers were puzzled, and the Queen Mother then made an analysis: Although the country's economic strength has greatly increased, the foundation of development achievements is still very shallow, and it is easy to be shaken by large-scale wars. Moreover, the army building at that time was slack because of the premise of developing the economy, and the training of the army and the selection of generals were slack; Besides, at this time, the strength of Xiongnu has not been weakened, and its military combat effectiveness is very strong. Moreover, if the Huns attack in the north, it is impossible to annihilate without a strong cavalry force. Moreover, at that time, the horse industry in the Western Han Dynasty was relatively loose, and the horse was not as bloody as the Xiongnu BMW. More importantly, the Western Han Dynasty has not yet contacted the Western Regions. Once he sends his troops, he will fight alone, and the intelligence inside the Huns will be unstable. Combining these factors, although the Han Dynasty was already very powerful, it was also the reason why Emperor Wudi's requests for sending troops were rejected several times.

This passage was edited during Empress Dowager Cixi.

In BC 14 1 year, Jingdi died and the car succeeded to the throne. History is called Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and Dou Taihou is honored as the Empress Dowager.

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Dou Taihou died in 135 BC (the sixth year of Jianyuan) at the age of about 7 1 year. Empress Dowager Tai died and was buried with Emperor Wen.

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In the TV series Hanwu the Great, Dou Taihou is played by Yi; In the TV series "honey trap", Dou Taihou is played by Ruby Lin, whose name is Dou. This is why people call her Dou Yi, but her name is not recorded in Historical Records and Hanshu. In the Tang Dynasty, Sima Zhen wrote "Historical Records Searching for the Gods", saying that Huangfu Mi was named after his house.

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Dou Taihou was the last ruler of the Chinese Empire who attached himself to the thought of Huang Lao. Under her influence, the Western Han regime was able to continue the spirit of "people's livelihood-oriented" and "doing nothing" established by Liu Bang. Pushed the Han dynasty to the peak of prosperity.

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