Music therapy officially became a discipline at Casas University in the United States in 1940.
1. Introduction to music therapy
Music therapy officially became a discipline at Michigan State University in the United States in 1944. After more than half a century of development, music therapy has become a mature and complete marginal discipline, with hundreds of established clinical treatment methods and numerous theoretical schools. There are nearly 80 universities in the United States that offer music therapy majors, training bachelor's, master's and doctoral students.
There are approximately 4,000 nationally registered music therapists in the United States working in psychiatric hospitals, general hospitals, geriatric hospitals, children's hospitals, special education schools and various psychological clinics. Since the 1970s, music therapy has been introduced to Asia. Larger hospitals in Japan and Taiwan have dedicated music therapists.
2. Music therapy is suitable for people
Music therapy is mainly used in AIDS, prisons, brain injuries, hearing impairments, language disorders, learning disabilities, and intellectual disabilities. Childbirth, premature infants, surgery, mental illness, neurological injury, spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's disease, stroke sequelae, child psychotherapy, hospice care, juvenile delinquency, drug/alcohol treatment, asthma, stage performance stress, family therapy.
As well as psychological treatment for normal people, visual impairment, appearance impairment, communication disorders or injuries, and autism. People with severe emotional disorders (children, adolescents, adults) and multiple disabilities also include those receiving treatment in hospitals, those undergoing physical rehabilitation programs, the elderly, and the general population who want to achieve physical and mental health, etc.
Music therapy treatment principles and treatment methods
1. Treatment principles
1. The principle of step-by-step
Music therapy should be based on the client’s needs. Psychological characteristics, play music step by step. From the perspective of music selection, proceed step by step. For example, music that induces sad emotions can be divided into mild, moderate and severe. The choice of music generally starts with light music and gradually transitions to moderately sad music. From the perspective of playback volume, the volume should also be gradually increased to allow visitors to gradually adapt.
2. The principle of learning and inspiration
It refers to educating and guiding clients who do not understand music during music therapy, and introducing the background and background of music creation to the clients. The artistic conception that the musician wants to express. Before treatment, try to let the client listen to a piece of music and experience the artistic conception of the music with heart. If the client does not understand the artistic conception of the music, the psychotherapist should provide some explanations to help the client understand the meaning of the music.
3. The principle of experience
In therapy, the client is allowed to experience emotions or feelings with his or her heart according to the atmosphere created by the music.
2. Treatment methods
Music therapy methods can be divided into receptive, improvisational and re-creative music therapy.
Receptive music therapy methods include listening, song discussion, GIM and many other methods. Recreational music therapy includes song creation, music composition, music psychodrama, etc. Improvisational music therapy includes methods such as instrumental improvisation and verbal improvisation.
The above data comes from Study Abroad in Russia.