Question 1: What is the name of the opera sung in Shandong? ? Introduction to the Opera Liuzi Opera is a local opera popular in more than 30 counties at the junction of the five provinces of Shandong, Suzhou, Henan, Anhui, and Hebei, centered on Heze, Jining, and Xuzhou. Also known as Xianzi Opera, it is known as "Nangwowo", "Baidiaozi" and "Chuiqiang" in the north of the Yellow River. It is one of the ancient tunes of Chinese opera. In the history of Chinese opera, "Dongliu", which was once known as "Dongliu, Xibang, Nankun, and Beiyi", is Shandong Liuzi Opera.
Liuzi Opera is based on the folk opera Xiaoling that has been popular in the Central Plains since the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and absorbs some repertoires of Gaoqiang, Qingyang, Luantan, Kunqiang, Luoluo, Pihuang and other tunes. and singing, gradually developed and evolved. Because there is a kind of Liuzi tune in Qupai, it is named Liuzi Opera. This opera has the same origin as Daxianzi opera, Luozi opera, and Juan opera and influences each other; they all use three strings as the main instrument, supplemented by sheng and flute, and they all belong to the string system.
Liuzi Opera has a history of nearly 500 years, with more than 200 traditional plays and more than 600 musical tunes. The modes are divided into Yue Tiao, Ping Tiao, Xiatiao, Erba Tiao and Fenggong. Tones and modulations are generally based on the first four tones. The main accompaniment instruments include Qudi, Sheng and Xiaosanxian, commonly known as the three major instruments. The lyrics are mainly long and short sentences, and through the technique of "preface" (Qiyan style), the two are intertwined and sung, making it endlessly varied and colorful. Due to the variety of palace tunes, beautiful music, and elegant, simple, fresh and melodious singing, it is known as "nine tunes and eighteen tunes, seventy-two tunes" and "hundred tunes". In addition, the various professions have their own unique performing arts styles, so characters with different personalities can be vividly and clearly displayed on the opera stage.
On May 20, 2006, Liuzi Opera was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists.
Question 2: What is Shandong opera? Lu Opera The local opera of Shandong Province - Zaobang Zaobang, is popular in the East Heze area and parts of Hebei and Henan. It was Shangdang Bangzi from Shanxi that was introduced to Shandong around 1880, and was formed under the influence of the local dialect. In the past, it was called "local●", which means local Shanxi Bangzi. "●" sounds like "Jujube", hence the name. The local opera of Shandong Province - Gong, Drum and Gunzi, was popular in Linyi and Tengxian areas of Shandong Province in the late Qing Dynasty, and occasionally sang in Zouxian and Xuzhou areas. I only use my beard and bun for makeup, damn it. Use gongs, small cymbals, and drums for accompaniment, without strings. After the Lahun tune was introduced to Tengxian County, the gong, drum and gun artists all switched to Lahun tune. After liberation, the Lahun tune in Shandong and Jiangsu was called "Liuqin Opera", and the Lahun tune in Shandong was called "Sizhou Opera", but both of them retained part of the gong, drum, and gun repertoire and percussion music. Local opera in Shandong Province - Bei Ci Erxian Bei Ci Erxian, also called "four-strand string". It is popular in the east, west and north of Shandong, with Gaotang and Linqing as the centers. The music and repertoire are basically similar to Erjiaxian. Erjia Xian is divided into Southern Ci and Northern Ci. The Northern Ci is equivalent to the big board of four strings. Local opera in Shandong Province - Dadizi Luoluo Dadizi Luoluo, also called "Luozi Opera", "Dadizi Opera" and "Luo Luotou". Popular in northern Henan, southwestern Shandong. It is a sister opera to Liuzi Opera and Daxianzi Opera. couplet. There are about a hundred kinds of folk tunes in existence, among which the commonly used ones include "Wall", "Shanshan Sheep", "Tiaozi", "Leek Flower", etc. The music is rougher than that of Liuzi Opera, and it is said to be "fine Luozi and thin Liuzi". Parts of Gaoqiang and Qingyangqiang are preserved. A local opera in Shandong Province - one hook hook and one hook hook, also called "four-strand string" and "Hexi Liu". It was developed on the basis of the popular flower drum in Gaotang, Shandong. In the late Qing Dynasty, it was popular in Gaotang, Xiajin, Dongping, Qihe, Jinan, Shandong, and southern Hebei. It is greatly influenced by Hebei Bangzi. The repertoire mainly reflects folk life. Four strings are used as the main accompaniment instrument. Local opera of Shandong Province - Shandong Dagu Shandong Dagu, also known as "Lihua Dagu" and "Lihua Dagu". In addition to the book drum, the musical instruments are also played with fragments of pear share, a farm tool of the two pastoralists. The latter uses two iron or copper pieces, accompanied by three-stringed and four-stringed Hu. One person sings or two people sing duet, and three or two people accompaniment. The libretto is a seven-character sentence or a cross sentence. Usually only singing and not speaking. Traditional repertoire includes "Black Donkey Duan", "Tie the Baby", "Second Sister Wang Misses Her Husband", etc. Local opera in Shandong Province - Shandong Qinshu Shandong Qinshu originated in the Heze area of ??Shandong.
It was formed before 1780. Later, rural artists came to the city to tell stories, calling themselves "Shandong Yangqin" and "...Civilized Qin Shu". In 1934, Deng Jiuru named it "Shandong Qinshu" when he sang on Tianjin Radio. Mainly singing, supplemented by speaking. The lyrics are usually seven-character sentences. There are one to five singers, mainly those who play the dulcimer. The main musical instruments include dulcimer, zither, pendant qin, soft-bowed huqin, four-stringed harp, three-stringed harp, simple board, disc, etc. The main tracks include "Punch to Town Guanxi", "Butterfly Lovers Descending the Mountain", etc. Local opera of Shandong Province - Shandong Kuaishu Shandong Kuaishu, also known as "Wu Laoer". Popular in Shandong and North China. It was formed during the reign of Daoguang and Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty. At first, two photos of actors were used to control the rhythm. Later, bamboo and copper plates were used. Nowadays, copper plates are mostly used. Generally, the performance is performed in the form of standing singing, which pays attention to "hands, eyes, body steps" and "baggage". The use of "buttons" has a larger range of movements. The libretto is basically a seven-character sentence, and the actors recite the libretto and also speak in plain language. The repertoire includes "The Legend of Wu Song", "Majiadian", "Capture the Prisoners and Slaughter", etc.
Question 3: What kind of operas are there in Shandong? Shandong operas all have Bangzi Opera that is popular in Shandong, including Yu Opera (ie Henan Bangzi), Shandong Bangzi, Laiwu Bangzi, Zao Bang, Liangjiaxian, and Donglu Bangzi. , Hebei Bangzi, etc. The types of operas developed from rap include: Lu Opera, Zhuo Opera, Yugu Opera, Eight Immortals Opera, Languan Opera, etc.
Question 4: What type of opera is Shandong opera? There are more than 30 types of operas popular in Shandong, which can be roughly divided into Bangzi tune system, Xiansuo tune system, Elbow tune system and opera types formed from folk songs, dances and raps.
The popular types of Bangzi Opera in Shandong include Yu Opera, Shandong Bangzi, Laiwu Bangzi, Zao Bangzi, Liangjiaxian, Donglu Bangzi, Hebei Bangzi and so on. Henan Opera actors Zhang Lan, Zhu Guiqin, and Li Xinhua who won the Plum Blossom Award are also active on stages across Shandong.
Xiansuo tune is a popular folk song. Due to the different regions and accompaniment instruments, as well as the influence of other arts, Xiansuo tune has formed a variety of operas with different styles. It is popular in Shandong. The main ones include Liuzi Opera, Daxianzi Opera and Luozi Opera. Liuzi Opera, known as "Dongliu", is one of the Xiansuo operas that is widely spread and has great influence. Representative repertoires include "Li Yaxian Misses Her Husband", "Diao Chan Misses Her Husband", "Yingying Misses Her Husband", and "Li Yaxian Misses Her Husband", which is based on the popular folk flower drum yangko, with "sissy" as its main tune A gradually evolved opera tune.
The opera types included include Liuqin Opera, Wuyin Opera, Mao Opera, Liu Opera, Deng Opera, Donglu Elbow Drum Opera, etc. Lu Opera Lu Opera is a representative local drama in Shandong and is extremely popular in Shandong.
Lu Opera was developed on the basis of the folk rap "Shandong Qinshu". Lu Opera was named after the founding of the People's Republic of China. After reform and innovation, it has developed rapidly throughout the province, with influence reaching Heilongjiang in the north, Jiangsu in the south, and Xinjiang in the west. Lu Opera performing groups have been established in all places, becoming a young opera genre full of vitality. Although Lu opera has few tunes, it is rich in variety, the lyrics are easy to understand, the singing style is simple, graceful and melodious, and it has a profound mass foundation among the people. The traditional repertoire of Lu Opera is mostly based on folklore and stories, reflecting the ordinary daily life of the lower class people. The content expresses family ethics, customs, love and marriage, and the affection of children. After many generations of artists, most of the plays have strong storytelling and detailed and vivid plots. The masses have a rich vocabulary, the performances are simple and natural, there are no strict rules and regulations, and they are more life-like.
Because Lu opera uses Qilu dialect to express folk life and folk customs, and is full of people's emotions and life atmosphere, it is loved by the masses. Some of its excellent plays, such as "The Second Sister-in-law Li Remarried", "Sisters Are Married", "Two Ridges of Land", "Forced Marriage", "Little Borrowed Year", etc., have been put on the screen one after another and spread to the north and south of the country, as well as to Hong Kong and Macao. , well-known in China. Shandong is a major province of opera. Take Peking Opera as an example. There are more than 80 Peking Opera troupes in the country, and there are more than 20 in Shandong, accounting for a quarter.
In addition, Shandong is a province with many types of operas. Shandong Bangzi, Wuyin Opera, Liuzi Opera, Mao Opera, etc. can be said to be in full bloom.
Question 5: Which province does Shandong belong to? The name of the representative opera: Opera
Shandong is one of the earliest regions in China to have theatrical activities. In the Sui Dynasty, the Qi Dynasty became famous throughout the country, and in the Tang Dynasty, the drama of joining the army became popular in Shandong. It can be said that the long-term popularity of singing, dancing, opera, and actor activities is an indispensable and important process for the development of opera. After the formation of Song Zaju, it also spread to Shandong. At the end of the Jin Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the opera form of Yuan Zaju, which was sung with Northern Opera, emerged. Shandong was one of the main popular areas. Zhong Sicheng of the Yuan Dynasty wrote "Ghost Book" and Jia Zhongming's "Ghost Book" in the early Ming Dynasty. There are 28 opera writers from Shandong recorded in "Sequel", 4 of whom are good at singing. The most prosperous place for opera is Dongping. There are 10 Yuan opera writers from Dongping, including Gao Wenxiu and Zhang Shiqi. The most outstanding one is Gao Wenxiu, whose work "Black Tornado with Two Heads" is deeply loved by the people. Opera entered a period of vigorous development in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Li Kaixian's "The Story of the Sword" and Kong Shangren's "The Peach Blossom Fan" have outstanding achievements.
There are more than 30 kinds of modern operas, which can be divided into Bangzi tune system, Xiansuo tune system, Elbow tune system and opera types formed from folk songs, dances and raps, etc. Popular types of Bangzi Opera in Shandong include Yu Opera, Shandong Bangzi, Laiwu Bangzi, Zao Bang, Liangjia Xian, Donglu Bangzi, Hebei Bangzi and so on. Henan Opera actors Zhang Lan, Zhu Guiqin, and Li Xinhua who won the Plum Blossom Award are also active on stages across Shandong.
Xiansuo tune is composed of popular folk songs and Xiaoling, mainly including Liuzi Opera, Daxianzi Opera and Luozi Opera. Liuzi Opera, known as "Dongliu", is a widely popular type of Xiansuo opera.
Elbow drum tune is an opera tune that has gradually evolved from "sissy tune" as its main tune. The opera types included include Liuqin Opera, Wuyin Opera, Maoqiang, Liuqiang, Dengqiang, Donglu Elbow Drums, etc.
The types of opera developed from rap include: Lu Opera, Zhui Opera, Yugu Opera, Donglu Dagu, Eight Immortals Opera, Languan Opera, etc.
Question 6: What operas are there in Shandong? There are now more than 30 types of opera popular in Shandong, which can be roughly divided into Bangzi tune, Xiansuo tune, Elbow tune and folk songs, dances and raps.
The popular types of Bangzi Opera in Shandong include Shandong Bangzi, Laiwu Bangzi, Zao Bangzi, Pingdiao Bangzi, Donglu Bangzi, Henan Bangzi, Hebei Bangzi and so on. Its popular areas include Heze, Jining, Linyi, Zaozhuang, Tai'an, Jinan, Liaocheng, Dezhou, Laiwu, Binzhou and other more than 10 cities. These opera types, except Henan Bangzi and Hebei Bangzi, which are Bangzi operas formed in other places and flowed into Shandong, are all local Bangzi opera types.
Elbow drum tune is an opera tune that gradually evolved based on the popular folk flower drum yangko, with "sissy tune" as its main tune. The opera types included include Liuqin Opera, Wuyin Opera, Maoqiang, Liuqiang, Dengqiang, Donglu Elbow Drums, etc. Liuqin opera is popular in southern Shandong and northern Jiangsu. It uses Liuyeqin as the main accompaniment instrument, hence its name. The Zuoguzi flowing to Jiaodong and central and northern Shandong areas is divided into three different tributaries, including the East, West, North and South and the Benjiuguzi. West Road developed into Wuyin Opera, with Zhangqiu as the center, extending to Jinan and Licheng in the west, and Zhangdian and Zhoucun in the east. North Road forms a lantern cavity, which is popular in Huimin, Jiyang, Boxing and Guangrao areas. Donglu elbow drum is a unique type of opera, popular in Weifang, Linqu, Linzi, Yiyuan and other places. The original elbow drum developed into "Maojiu drum" - Mao tune and Liu tune respectively. Maoqiang is mainly popular in Zhucheng, Gaomi, Anqiu, Jiaoxian and other places. Liuqiang is mainly popular in Jimo, Qingdao, Pingdu, Jiaoxian, Laiyang and Yexian.
Question 7: What are the local operas in Shandong Province? Lu Opera, also known as "masquerade dulcimer" and "qin opera", is popular in Shandong, parts of Jiangsu and Anhui. It originated in the Yellow River Delta north of Shandong and evolved from Shandong Qinshu. It has a history of 100 years. Dongying City, Shandong Province is the birthplace of Lu Opera. Shi Dianyuan, a folk artist from Shijia Village, Niuzhuang Town, Dongying District (originally part of Guangrao County) and others are the main founders of Lu Opera. Most of the original Lu opera troupes traveled from countryside to villages and performed in the fields, which had little impact. It was put on the stage around 1910. After the establishment of Shandong Province Lu Opera Theater in 1953, Lu Opera became a type of opera that spread throughout Shandong and became famous throughout the country.
Origin of the name
There are many theories circulating about the origin of the name of Lu Opera, generally they are as follows: 1. Around 1915, Shijia Village (originally belonging to Niuzhuang, Guangrao County) ( Shi Dianyuan, an old artist from Dongying District (now Dongying District), also made a donkey made of paper and transformed it into a
Dezhou Lu Opera Troupe
pretending to sing "Wang Xiaoqianjiao", which was well-received The crowd welcomed it, so people called it Donkey Opera. Because this name was not elegant, some scholars transliterated it into "Lv Opera". 2. In 1923, this kind of donkey opera came to Jinan Prefecture, and the main repertoire was "Lv Dongbin's Medicine". The local people did not understand the origin of this type of opera. They only heard that it was called "Donkey Opera", and because the main repertoire was "Lv" Starting with the word "Lu Opera", the audience calls it Lu Opera. 3. The word "LV" in Lu Opera was originally the word "LU", which means that one village consists of twenty-five households. It means neighborhood drama and hometown drama. Later, in the circulation and circulation, "Lu" was simplified to "LV". 4. In the past, musical instruments were mostly played by a couple or a family, and the content of the songs mostly reflected the love between men and women. The couple's mouth is "Lu", so it is called Lu opera. 5. Lu Opera was originally called Lu Opera. There are two reasons for this: first, because the main accompaniment instrument during singing is the pendulum qin, and the fingers used to play the pendulum qin are moved up and down, so it is called Luxi; and because there are six types of Yin rhythms in the twelve rhythms of Chinese music, collectively called "Liu Lu", so "Lu Opera" was renamed "Lu Opera". Another legend is that when this kind of opera was named, some old artists said that when singing this kind of opera, one should follow the clues and follow the vines to the end, so it is called Lu opera. Lu has the same pronunciation as Lu, so it was named Lu Opera (Lu Opera). Edit this section Traditional play classification
The scripts of Lu Opera can be roughly divided into two types: one is small plays, such as "Little Sister", "Wang Dingbao Jiedang", "Little Jiedian", etc., which are its basic The other type is continuous drama, which is mostly adapted from the scripts of drum lyrics, novels and piano books, such as "The Story of the Golden Whip", "The Story of the Golden Bracelet and Yuhuan", "The Rise of the Tang Dynasty by Five Women", etc. The short drama repertoire has a strong flavor of life, uses vivid mass language, is good at expressing various characters, and is full of strong appeal. The singing tunes of Lu Opera are simple and simple, beautiful, flexible and smooth, easy to learn and sing. The basic tunes are Siping and Erban, and other tunes are sometimes used. The main accompaniment instruments include zhuiqin, dulcimer, erhu, sanxian, etc. The origin and evolution of Lu Opera, 25 troupes across the country that applied for World Cultural Heritage in 2008
[1] Although Lu Opera is a new type of opera named after the founding of the People's Republic of China, its performing arts The form has gone through a long process of development. As early as
Beijing Lu Opera Troupe
In the middle of the Qing Dynasty, a ditty-singing art form called "Xiaoqu" appeared in the rural areas of southern Shandong. Because the main accompaniment instrument is the dulcimer (dulcimer), it is also called "dulcimer" and "dulcimer". Historically, the dulcimer was widely popular in Henan, Jiangsu, northern Anhui, southern Hebei, and individual cities and counties in the northeast in the lower reaches of the ancient Yellow River. It was first spread in southwest Shandong in Shandong, and gradually expanded to the north (Jinan and Huimin areas) and east (Qingdao, Yantai), with a history of about 200 years. In the process of development, influenced by the languages ??and customs of different regions, it gradually formed into three major schools: South Road, North Road, and East Road Qinshu. Their names are also different. For example, Shang Xing, an artist on East Road Qinshu, calls Benlu Qinshu "Improved Yangqin"; Deng Jiuru, the founder of North Road Qinshu, calls himself "Civilized Yangqin". It was not until 1933 when Deng Jiuru was broadcasting on Tianjin Radio that it was named Shandong Qinshu. In the early years of Guangxu's reign, farmers in the northern part of Guangrao County (formerly known as Le'an), in order to avoid famine, often carried musical instruments such as penguin and jieziban with them and went out to perform as entertainers to survive. At first, he mainly sang short passages from Qin Shu, or made up some interesting stories smoothly, and sang while playing. Later, they continued to absorb opera singing and folk tunes to enrich their performance content and form. For example, brothers Zhang Lantian and Zhang Zhitian from Dongzhai Village went to Fengyang, Anhui Province to learn from their masters. The popular local Fengyang song had a great influence on the performing art of Qinshu. Artists constantly pursue new art forms in their long-term singing practice.
Some artists who are good at singing, in... ", "Qin Opera". It evolved from the folk rap art "Shandong Qinshu" (Sitting Yangqin). It originated in the Yellow River Delta north of Shandong and is popular in parts of Shandong, Jiangsu and Anhui. Most of the original Lu opera troupes traveled from countryside to villages and performed in the fields, which had little impact. It was put on the stage around 1910. In the reform of opera in 1953, it was reorganized from Shandong Provincial Opera and named Lu Opera. After the establishment of Shandong Province Lu Opera Theater in 1953, Lu Opera became a type of opera that spread throughout Shandong and was well-known throughout the country.
Question 9: What types of operas and songs are there in Shandong? Shandong is one of the areas with earlier drama activities in my country. The birth of its dramatic art can be traced back to the Qilu kingdoms more than 2,000 years ago.
In the Han Dynasty, Baixi was popular in Shandong. From the Han Dynasty portrait stones unearthed in Shandong, we can roughly infer the popularity of Baixi in the Han Dynasty. The portrait stones from the Han Tomb in Beizhai Village, Yinan County, and the painted silk paintings unearthed from Han Tomb No. 9 in Yinqueshan, Linyi both record the performances of Baixi.
In the Sui Dynasty, the Qi Dynasty became famous throughout the country, and in the Tang Dynasty, the drama of joining the army became popular in Shandong. It can be said that the long-term popular singing, dancing, opera, and actor activities are indispensable and important processes for the development of Shandong opera. After the formation of Song Zaju, it also spread to Shandong. At the end of the Jin Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, a form of opera sung with Northern Opera emerged, that is, Yuan Zaju. Shandong is one of the main popular areas. Zhong Sicheng of the Yuan Dynasty wrote "Ghost Recording Book" and Jia Zhongming's "Ghost Recording Book" in the early Ming Dynasty. There are 28 opera writers from Shandong recorded in "Book Sequel", 4 of whom are good at singing. The most prosperous place for opera is Dongping. There are 10 Yuan opera writers from Dongping, including Gao Wenxiu and Zhang Shiqi. The most outstanding one is Gao Wenxiu, whose work "Black Tornado with Two Heads" is deeply loved by the people.
Shandong opera entered a period of vigorous development during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Li Kaixian's "The Story of the Sword" and Kong Shangren's "The Peach Blossom Fan" have outstanding achievements and have the greatest influence. In terms of performances, there are more professional theater troupes and frequent activities.
By the middle of the Qing Dynasty, dozens of different opera types were active in Shandong. It can be roughly divided into bangzi tune, xiansuo tune, elbow drum tune, etc.
There are now more than 30 types of operas popular in Shandong, which can be roughly divided into Bangzi tune system, Xiansuo tune system, Elbow tune system and folk songs, dances and raps. type.
The popular types of Bangzi opera in Shandong include Shandong Bangchuan, Laiwu Bangzi, Zao Bang, Pingdiao, Liangjiaxian, Donglu Bangzi, Henan Bangzi, Hebei Bangzi and so on. Its popular areas include Heze, Jining, Linyi, Zaozhuang, Tai'an, Jinan, Liaocheng, Dezhou, Laiwu, Binzhou and other more than 10 cities. These opera types, except Henan Bangzi and Hebei Bangzi, which are Bangzi opera types formed in other places and flowed into Shandong, are all local Bangzi opera types.
Xiansuo tune originated from the popular folk song Xiaoling, passed through the stage of Xiansuo acapella, and then developed into an opera tune. Due to differences in spreading regions and accompaniment instruments, as well as the influence of other arts, Xiansuo tune has formed different types of operas with different styles. The main ones popular in Shandong include Liuzi Opera, Daxianzi Opera and Luozi Opera. Liuzi Opera, known as "Dongliu", is one of the most widely spread and influential types of Xiansuo opera. Representative repertoires include "Li Yaxian Misses Her Husband", "Diao Chan Misses Her Husband", "Yingying Misses Her Husband", "Li Sanniang Misses Her Husband" and other "Top Ten Missing Her Husband Plays". The elbow drum tune is the basis of the flower drum Yangge that is popular among the people. Above, the opera tune gradually evolved with "sissy" as its main tune. The opera types included include Liuqin Opera, Wuyin Opera, Mao Opera, Liu Opera, Deng Opera, Donglu Elbow Drum Opera, etc.
The types of opera developed from rap include: Lu Opera, Zhuozi Opera, Yugu Opera, Eight Immortals Opera, Languan Opera, etc.
Question 10: What kind of opera is Shandong? Shandong Bangzi. Shandong Bangzi, a local opera in Shandong Province, is popular in the Heze area of ??Shandong. Because the place was called "Caozhou" in ancient times, it is also called "Caozhou Bangzi". This Bangzi system was formed after Shanshan Bangzi was introduced to Shandong via Henan and went through changes.
The main plays include "The Story on the Wall" etc.