Belonging to the "Six Laws of Yang" are Huangzhong, Taicu, Guxi, Ruibin, Yize, and Wushe.

Detailed introduction

Twelve rhythms, an ancient Chinese term for musical temperament, is an ancient method of tuning. That is, starting from the standard tone of Huang Zhong temperament, one octave is divided into twelve semitones that are not completely equal according to the three-point gain and loss method. In "Guoyu·Zhou Yuxia", Lingzhou Jiu discusses music and calls it "Lu Lu is not easy". "Book of the Later Han·Lu Li Zhi 1" records: "In the first year of Yuanhe, the prince who waited for the imperial edict Zhonglu Yinxu said: 'There is no official who can accurately tune the sixty laws at dawn.

Therefore, the imperial edict is strictly respected. He taught his son the correct method of Xuan, and he was willing to call Xuan to supplement the teachings and tune the musical instruments. The edict said: "Those who admire the son's study of Xiaolu, and who are independent of his clan and cooperate with his voice, must not rely on his father's study." , The sound is subtle, it is not only Mo Zhi, but it is Mo Xiao. Only when you can understand the twelve laws of life without losing one, can you be able to teach your ears. ”

Classification.

The twelve laws are divided into two categories: yin and yang. The six laws with odd numbers are called yang laws, and the six laws with even numbers are called yin laws. In addition, the odd-numbered laws are called "Lü", and the even-numbered laws are called "Lü", so the twelve laws are also referred to as "Lü".

Yang Law Six: Huang Zhong, Tai Cu, Gu Xian, Ruibin, Yi Ze, Wu She; Yin Law Six: Da Lu, Jia Zhong, Zhong Lu, Lin Zhong, Nan Lu, Ying Zhong . *** is the twelve laws. "Zhou Li·Chun Guan·Dian Tong": "Every musical instrument is made of ten different rhythms."

"Lu's Spring and Autumn Period·Ancient Music": "Twelve tubes are made at one time. Under Ruan Yu, listen to the call of the Phoenix Emperor, and distinguish the twelve rhythms. The male call is six, and the female call is also six, which is suitable for comparison with the palace of Huang Zhong. The twelve laws are prepared for the birth of a child." Please refer to "Han Shu·Lv Li Zhi 1".

Phonetic System

Twelve absolute pitches are also used in ancient Chinese music, and there is also a semitone relationship between them. It's called the Twelve Laws. Their musical names are: Huang Zhong, Da Lu, Taicun, Jia Zhonggu, Xi Zhong, Lu Rui, Bin Lin, Zhong Yi, Ze Nan, Lu Wushe, Ying Zhong. The results of research on ancient Chinese music show that there are two systems of absolute pitch of twelve rhythms. Huang Zhong = f1, is called the first pitch system, also called the Iron Ruler Rule; Huang Zhong = c1, is called the second pitch system, also called the Taichang Rule in the Sui and Tang Dynasties in the Northern Dynasties.

If we follow the Taichang law, the corresponding relationship between the twelve laws of ancient China and the twelve absolute pitches of Western music is: Huang Zhong_Da Lu_Taicu_Jia Zhong_Gu Xi_Zhong Lu_ Ruibin_Lin Zhong_Yi Ze_Nan Lu_Wu She_Ying Zhong.

_c1___#c1__d1___be1__e1___f1___#f1__g1___ba1__a1___bb1__b1Among them, Huang Zhong and Tai Cu... who are ranked in odd-numbered positions are called Liu Lv, and Da Lu and Jia Zhong... who are ranked in even-numbered positions are called Liu Lu, so twelve Law is also collectively known as "Lü Lu".