Question 1: What does the cultural industry include? The cultural industry mainly includes nine categories:
The first is news services, the main category is journalism;
The second is publishing, distribution and copyright services, which mainly include the publishing and distribution of books, newspapers and periodicals, the publishing and distribution of audio-visual and electronic publications, and copyright services;
The third is radio, television and film services, which refers to radio stations, television stations and Other radio and television services, radio and television transmission and film production and distribution;
The fourth is cultural and artistic services, which mainly includes five parts: literary and artistic creation, performances and performance venues, cultural protection and cultural facilities services , cultural research and cultural society services, other cultural and artistic services;
The fifth is Internet cultural services, which mainly refers to Internet information services, including the following four categories: Internet news services, Internet publishing services, Internet electronic bulletin services and Other Internet information services;
Sixth, cultural, leisure and entertainment services mainly refer to tourism and cultural services, entertainment and cultural services;
Seventh, other cultural services, mainly refer to cultural and artistic business agency services , cultural product rental and auction services, advertising and exhibition cultural services;
The eighth is the production of cultural supplies, equipment and related cultural products;
The ninth is cultural supplies, equipment and related cultural products Sales of products.
The cultural industry development plans in various regions are different
Question 2: What industries does the cultural industry include? The scope of the cultural industry is: 1. Physical cultural products provided to the public Entertainment product activities, such as the publishing, production and distribution of books and newspapers, etc. 2. Provide cultural services and entertainment services that the public can participate in and choose, such as radio and television services, film services, theatrical performance services, etc. 3. Provide cultural management and research services, such as cultural relics and cultural heritage protection, library services, cultural and social group activities, etc. 4. Provide production and sales activities of equipment and materials necessary for cultural and entertainment products, such as printing equipment, stationery and other production and operation activities. 5. Production and sales activities of equipment and supplies necessary for providing cultural and entertainment services, such as radio and television equipment, film equipment and other production and operation activities. 6. Other activities related to culture and entertainment, such as arts and crafts, design and other activities.
Question 3: What does the scope of cultural enterprises specifically include? The specific scope of cultural enterprises:
1. Literary performance groups;
2. Culture, art, and performance brokerage companies;
3. Enterprises engaged in news and publishing, radio, film and television, and cultural and art exhibitions;
4. Theaters (academies), concert halls and other professional performance venues engaged in performance activities;
5. Cultural relics stores established with the permission of the national cultural administrative department;
6. Enterprises engaged in the creation, publishing and production of animations and comics, as well as the production and distribution of cartoons;
7. Enterprises engaged in the production and distribution of radio and television (including paid and digital radio and television) programs, and enterprises engaged in the export trade of radio, film and television programs and films;
8. Enterprises engaged in the production, printing, distribution and screening of movies (including digital movies);
9. Enterprises engaged in the operation of paid radio and television channels, integrated broadcast and promotion of programs, and promotion of access services;
10. Enterprises engaged in cable, wireless and satellite transmission of radio, film and television;
11. Enterprises engaged in audio-visual program business such as mobile TV, mobile TV, online TV, video on demand, etc.;
12. Enterprises engaged in the independent development and transfer of intellectual property rights related to culture, art, radio, film and television, and publications; enterprises engaged in copyright agency and trade;
13. Enterprises licensed by the national administrative department to engage in the development and operation of online books, online newspapers, online periodicals, online audio-visual products, online electronic publications, online game software, online art works, and online audio-visual products; sales of publications using the Internet Enterprise;
14. Enterprises engaged in the digital processing of publications, film and television, drama works, music, art works and other cultural resources;
15. Publishing enterprises of books, newspapers, periodicals, audio-visual products, and electronic publications;
16. Publication logistics and distribution enterprises, national or regional publication distribution chain enterprises, publications import and export trading enterprises established with the permission of the national administrative department, and publication distribution enterprises established at and below the county level mainly for retail;
17. Read-only optical disc duplication enterprises and recordable optical disc manufacturing enterprises established with the permission of the administrative department of press and publication;
18. Printing enterprises for books, newspapers, periodicals, audio-visual products, and electronic publications that use high-tech and equipment such as digital printing technology, computer-to-plate technology (CTP), high-speed fully automatic multi-color printing machines, and high-speed book binding linkage lines.
Question 4: What are the classifications and overviews of cultural industries? What is cultural industry? Abstract As a new form of cultural development and cultural phenomenon, the cultural industry has attracted widespread attention and research in the world for more than half a century. In the wave of world cultural development, the concept of cultural industry continues to evolve and its connotations are increasingly enriched. Experts and scholars have conducted systematic research on the concept of cultural industry, but so far no authoritative and standard definition has been formed, and no unified title has been formed. Accurately grasping the concepts and classifications of cultural industries has important reference value for the study of the evolution of the theoretical development of Chinese and Western cultural industries, which in turn can promote theoretical research on domestic cultural industries and promote the rapid development of cultural industries in the new era.
Keywords cultural industry; concept; classification
The concept of "cultural industry" originated from Theodor Adono and Max Horkheimer of the Frankfurt School in 1947 Controversy and criticism of "popular culture". Since they included "cultural industry" into their research scope, the theoretical and practical research on cultural industry has attracted great attention from the academic community and governments of various countries. The changes and development of cultural industry have promoted the rapid economic development of various countries. At present, in our country's academic circles, cultural industry is also a concept with rich connotations and multiple meanings.
1. Conceptual distinction of cultural industry
At present, it is still difficult to define an accurate definition of the concept of "cultural industry".
If in the broadest anthropological sense, "culture" is "the 'whole life' of a unique group of people or social group", it can be inferred that all industries are cultural industries, because all industries are related to culture. Production and consumption are related. However, in fact, if we define culture as "a necessary (although not the only) signifing system for the dissemination, reproduction, experience and exploration of social order", the expression and use of the term "cultural industry" It will be more accurate and rigorous. In short, the cultural industry usually refers to the institutions most directly related to the production of social meaning (mainly refers to for-profit cultural enterprise institutions, but sometimes also includes public welfare cultural institutions, national organizations and non-profit institutions). organization)[1]. Therefore, most definitions of cultural industries should include radio and television, book and newspaper publishing, advertising, and performing arts. The primary goal of all these cultural activities is to communicate with the audience and create texts, which are ultimately presented to the audience in the form of physical cultural products. Broadly speaking, all cultural artifacts are texts, but because they are open to interpretation, they inevitably lead to cognitive biases, and some concepts are even often mixed together.
(1) Cultural industry and cultural undertakings
Cultural industry and cultural undertakings are corresponding concepts. For a long time, cultural industry and cultural undertakings have been used interchangeably in many occasions and fields. People have Failure to accurately recognize that there are significant differences between the two in many aspects. With the further liberation of social productive forces and the gradual improvement of the market economic system, along with the rapid development of high-tech and constantly improving modern production methods, the cultural industry has increasingly integrated into the public's daily life and has gradually become an emerging industry. Cultural industry and cultural undertakings are one body and two wings of the development of my country's cultural industry.
Generally speaking, cultural undertakings are led by the public and have a public welfare nature. They meet people's cultural needs by providing undifferentiated public cultural products and services; the cultural industry is led by the market. , is operational, mainly using the market to allocate resources, promote the development and growth of cultural enterprises, mobilize more non-public welfare resources and private capital to activate the cultural market, and meet people's diverse spiritual needs with rich cultural products and services. [2] From the perspective of capital sources, the production capital of cultural undertakings is centrally provided by the state or society; while the capital sources of corporate commodity production are diversified to varying degrees, and the private economy is widely absorbed into the cultural industry management field. From the perspective of management system, cultural undertakings usually implement a public welfare management system, while the cultural industry implements a for-profit enterprise management system. From the perspective of regulation methods, for enterprises and units, the state mainly conducts indirect regulation and reasonable guidance through tax policies, legal systems and price levers; while for cultural undertakings, it focuses on direct regulation by the state.
The characteristics of cultural undertakings are mainly reflected in three aspects. The first is social welfare. The vast majority of public welfare cultural undertakings such as libraries, museums, cultural centers and art galleries are invested and constructed by the state and allocated daily funds for management, and should be owned by all citizens of society.
The second is society...>>
Question 5: What does the cultural industry include? Who can tell? The 5-point cultural industry mainly includes nine categories:
The first is news services, the main category is journalism;
The second is publishing, distribution and copyright services, mainly including books, newspapers, periodicals Publishing and distribution, publishing and distribution of audio-visual and electronic publications, copyright services;
The third is radio, television and film services, which refers to radio stations, television stations and other radio and television services, the transmission of radio and television and the production and production of films Issuance;
The fourth is cultural and artistic services, which mainly include five parts: literary and artistic creation, performances and performance venues, cultural protection and cultural facilities services, cultural research and cultural community services, and other cultural and artistic services;
p>
The fifth is Internet cultural services, which mainly refers to Internet information services, including the following four categories: Internet news services, Internet publishing services, Internet electronic bulletin services and other Internet information services;
The sixth is culture Leisure and entertainment services mainly refer to tourism and cultural services, entertainment and cultural services;
Seventh, other cultural services, mainly refer to cultural and artistic business agency services, cultural product rental and auction services, advertising and exhibition cultural services; < /p>
The eighth is the production of cultural supplies, equipment and related cultural products;
The ninth is the sales of cultural supplies, equipment and related cultural products.
Question 6: What does the cultural and sports industry include? According to the "Business Tax Item Notes" State Administration of Taxation No. 149 of 1993
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Culture and Sports Industry
Culture and Sports Industry refers to the business of operating cultural and sports activities.
The tax collection scope of this tax item includes: cultural industry and sports industry.
(1) Cultural industry
Cultural industry refers to the business of operating cultural activities, including performances, broadcasts, and other cultural industries.
The business of operating tourist attractions is taxed in the same manner as the cultural industry.
1. Performance refers to the business of conducting performance activities such as drama, singing and dancing, fashion, bodybuilding, acrobatics, folk art, martial arts, and sports.
2. Broadcasting refers to the business of disseminating works through wireless or wired devices such as radio stations, television stations, sound systems, closed-circuit televisions, and satellite communications, and showing various programs in cinemas, theaters, video halls, and other places.
The broadcast of advertisements is not taxed according to this tax item.
3. Other cultural industries refer to the business of operating cultural activities other than the above-mentioned activities, such as various exhibitions and training activities, organizing lectures, speeches, and reports on literature, art, and science and technology, and library book and material lending services, etc.
4． The business of operating tourist places refers to the business of selling tickets for parks, zoological (botanical) gardens and other various tourist places.
(2) Sports industry
The sports industry refers to the business of organizing various sports competitions and providing venues for sports competitions or sports activities.
Providing venues for cultural activities and sports competitions through leasing is not taxed according to this tax item.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Question 7: What exactly does the creative cultural industry include? The cultural and creative industries mainly include creative groups in radio, film and television, animation, audio and video, media, visual arts, performing arts, crafts and design, sculpture, environmental art, advertising and decoration, service design, software and computer services.
Question 8: What specifically does cultural undertakings include? I recommend you some relevant content:
The 16th National Congress clearly distinguished the cultural field into cultural undertakings and cultural industries. This is important in the party’s politics. This is the first time in the report.
Throughout the discussion of the report of the 16th National Congress, cultural undertakings generally include the following contents: nine-year compulsory education, important news media and social science research institutions of the party and the country, and major cultural projects that reflect national characteristics and national standards. and art academies, important cultural heritage and excellent folk art, cultural development in old, young, border and impoverished areas and the central and western regions, construction of cultural infrastructure for the public, etc.
These cultural public welfare undertakings will be supported by national policies and financial resources, and they will be encouraged to enhance their own development vitality.
Internationally, the cultural industry includes the art industry, cultural tourism, museum industry, library industry, cultural industry, mass culture industry, gaming industry, competitive sports industry, advertising industry, press and publishing industry, and broadcasting Television and film industry, entertainment industry, Internet industry, brokerage and agency, cultural technology and scientific research, cultural exchange, decoration and decoration industry, etc. Within each major industry there are several specific industries.
Question 9: What is the concept of cultural industry? What are the categories of cultural industry? The term cultural industry was coined in the early twentieth century. It originally appeared in the book Dialectic of Enlightenment by Horkheimer and Adorno. Its English name is Culture Industry, which can be translated as cultural industry or cultural industry. As a special cultural form and a special economic form, the cultural industry affects people's understanding of the essence of the cultural industry. Different countries have different understandings of the cultural industry from different perspectives. UNESCO’s definition of cultural industries is as follows: Cultural industries are a series of activities that produce, reproduce, store and distribute cultural products and services in accordance with industrial standards. It is defined from the perspective of industrial standardized production, circulation, distribution and consumption of cultural products.
The cultural industry is based on the production and provision of spiritual products as its main activity, with the goal of meeting people's cultural needs. It refers to the creation and sales of cultural significance itself, and in a narrow sense includes literary and artistic creation, music creation, photography , dance, industrial design and architectural design.
The cultural industry can basically be divided into three categories:
The first is the industry that produces and sells cultural products in relatively independent physical forms (such as the production and sales of books, newspapers and periodicals) , film and television, audio and video products and other industries); the second is the cultural service industry in the form of labor services (such as drama and dance performances, sports, entertainment, planning, brokerage, etc.); the third is the industry that provides cultural added value to other commodities and industries (Such as decoration, decoration, image design, cultural tourism, etc.).
Question 10: What does the cultural industry include? The cultural industry includes quite complex categories and covers a wide range. In the book "Classification of Cultural and Related Industries", the cultural industry and its related industries can be roughly divided into the core layer, peripheral layer and related layer of the cultural industry. The core layer includes journalism, book publishing, newspapers and periodicals, radio, film and television, audio and video industry, advertising, Internet industry, theatrical performance industry, cultural relics and cultural relic protection, museums, mass cultural services, cultural research, etc. The peripheral layer includes the Internet, amusement parks, leisure and fitness entertainment, cultural intermediaries, Internet cafes, exhibition services, etc. Relevant layers include the production and sales of toys, movie equipment, CDs, handicrafts, etc.