Chopin was born in Poland in p>181. Started writing in 1817; Performed on stage in 1818; From 1822 to 1829, he studied composition and music theory at Warsaw National Conservatory of Music. Since 1829, he has toured Europe as a composer and pianist. Later, due to the failure of Warsaw Uprising, he settled in Paris and engaged in teaching and writing. Chopin died of tuberculosis in Paris in 1849.
Chopin is one of the most influential and popular piano composers in history, one of the most important figures in Polish music history, and a representative of romantic music in 19th century Europe. His works are based on Polish folk songs and dances and deeply influenced by Bach. Most of them are piano music, and he is known as "Romantic Piano Poet".
Chopin wrote about 2 works in his life, including 2 piano concertos, 3 piano sonatas, 4 ballads, 4 scherzos, 27 etudes, 16 Polonaise dances, 17 waltzes, 21 nocturnes, 4 impromptu dances, 3 Ekosetz dances and 17 songs. In addition, there are Bolero, boat songs, lullabies, fantasia, Rondo, variations, etc., with 21 volumes, 56 mazurkas, 27 etudes, 26 preludes, 15 waltzes, 12 polonaises, 4 ballads, 4 scherzos, 2 serenades, 2 piano concertos and 3 songs. [1]
Chopin is known as the "piano poet" because most of his works are piano music.
Musical style
By the age of p>17, Chopin had shown his detached personality and original style. Most of his works are exquisite sketches. These works can arouse endless emotional experience, and most of them are beautiful, elegant and full of singing. Unlike Schumann's works, they have no title or plot. Among them, Mazuka and Polonaise's dance music-stylized dance music-did not actually use folk tunes, but fully reflected the Polish national spirit.
No composer can make the piano sound so beautiful like Chopin. He created the illusion of piano singing. He used elegant and exquisite decoration to create a delicate pedal effect. His colorful harmony was handled with originality and had an important influence on later composers.
early life
fryderyk chopin Chopin was born in 181 in the central Polish town of Gé lazova-Vola. When he was born, Poland was no longer a unified sovereign country because it was divided between Russia, Prussia and Austria. Chopin's mother was Polish, and his father was a Frenchman of Polish nationality. He originally lived in a vineyard inherited from his father in Lorraine. In 1787, he moved to Poland and joined Polish nationality. He participated in the Russian-Polish War in 1792 and the Kosciusko Uprising in 1794. Anowska, they got married in 186, and Chopin's father got a job teaching French in a middle school.
The Chopin family moved to Warsaw in 1817. Chopin was regarded as a child prodigy in Poland. He began to learn piano at the age of 6 in 1816, and was taught piano performance by his sister and mother. Chopin is a musical genius. He showed his amazing musical talent at an early age. He was able to compose music when he was seven years old. His first works, Polish dance music in B major and G minor, were written in 1817, which showed Chopin's unusual improvisation ability. He was known as "the second Mozart" in Warsaw.
The following year, in 1818, 8-year-old Chopin played the works of Adalbert Girowitz at a charity concert, which was Chopin's first performance on stage, and from then on, he became a salon of Polish aristocrats.
since p>1822, Chopin studied music theory and composition from Józef Elsner (1769-1854), and a year later, he publicly performed the works of German composer Ferdinand Ries (1784-1838). After graduating from middle school in 1826, Chopin continued to study piano playing and composition with Joseph Elsne at the Conservatory of Music. Chopin is very diligent in composing music. His second work is variations for piano and orchestra in B major (Là ci darem la mano, Op. 2, 1827), which comes from Mozart's opera Don Giovanni. A few years later, it caused a sensation in Germany. In 1831, robert schumann was a music critic in Leipzig, one of the most important music newspapers in the 19th century. With the title of "Op.2" (German: Ein Werk II.), he wrote: "Gentlemen, take off your hat to the genius", and highly praised Chopin's works.
When he was nineteen, he had already composed two piano concertos. From 1829 to 1831, Chopin held many concerts in Warsaw, Vienna and Paris, and his performances were highly praised by professional newspapers. "Soft performance and indescribable fluency can evoke the deepest feelings and perfect interpretation." He is "one of the brightest meteors on the musical horizon". In 1829, Chopin fell in love with Konstanze Gladkowska, a female student of the Conservatory of Music, but this secret love ended in nothing. Because an uprising broke out in Poland in 183 against the partition of Poland by foreign forces, Chopin could not return to China, and Chopin's father also suggested that Chopin should stay abroad for the time being. In 1831, Chopin finally reluctantly left his hometown Poland and moved to Paris, France, and began to make a living by playing, teaching and composing.
Moving to Paris
After fryderyk chopin moved to Paris, Chopin fell in love with the city quickly. The architecture and big city atmosphere of Paris deeply attracted Chopin. In a letter sent back to Poland, he wrote that Paris was "the most beautiful city in the world". In Paris, he first studied piano under his idol, French German pianist and composer Calker Bourayne (1785-1849), but he felt limited by the teaching method, and the course lasted less than a month. Chopin took part in a concert in Paris to earn living expenses. At first, Chopin was not famous, and his income was only enough to make ends meet. Later, an influential patron took Chopin to a reception of the banker Rothschild family. Chopin's piano performance touched the guests and won a large number of piano students in a blink of an eye, most of whom were female students. Chopin has had a steady income since 1833 through concerts, composition and piano lessons, and he has no worries about the economy. Chopin even has a private carriage and entourage, and his clothes are made of high-grade materials. In contrast, other musicians in the 19th century, such as Richard Wagner and Peter ilych Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky, still need to count on their sponsors.
Chopin made many visits during his stay in Paris. In 1834, he and ferdinand hiller visited the Rhine Music Festival held in Aachen. Chopin, Shearer and Mendelssohn met at the festival and went to Dü sseldorf, koblenz and Cologne together. They appreciated each other's musical talents and learned from each other's musical skills.
Chopin has many friends, including poets Miao Sai, Balzac, Heine and adam mickiewicz, painter Delacroix, musicians Liszt and ferdinand hiller, and female writer george sand. Chopin first met george sand, dressed in men's clothes and smoking a cigarette, at Liszt's house. Chopin could not accept such a woman at that time. In the summer of 1838, Chopin's engagement with Maria broke off, and he had more and more opportunities to meet George Sang. They both feel that they can talk to each other about their deepest feelings, although people's eyes and rumors are beginning to surround them. There was a duel between Chopin and George Sang's old lover, Mallefille.
in October, they met. From Perpignan to Barcelona. In the beautiful Palma, they first tasted the freedom of being away from the crowd.
Later, in Nohan Manor, Chopin received meticulous care for many years, which was also the happiest and most stable period in his life.
Surprising Paris
When Chopin first arrived in Paris, few people knew him, but the pianist Liszt was famous all over the city.
One night, Liszt gave a public performance. The hall was crowded with the audience who came here. According to the custom of the concert at that time, all the lights went out during the performance. On this day, the piano was played so deeply, without the slightest pursuit of superficial effects. The audience was fascinated and thought that Liszt's performance had entered a new realm.
After the performance, the lights were on again. Amid the cheers of the audience, it was a strange young man who stood by the piano to thank him-it turned out that Liszt quietly replaced Chopin when the lights went out. In this way, he introduced Chopin to the audience in Paris, and Chopin was a blockbuster without heavy expectations.