Rock and Roll is a music genre that originated in the United States in the late 1940s. It became popular in the early 1950s and quickly became popular all over the world. Rock music expresses emotions with its flexible and bold expressions and passionate music rhythm, and is loved by young people all over the world. Rock music became a craze in the 1960s and 1970s.
Rock music emerged in the United States in the 1950s, but elements of its music can be traced back to blues music as early as the 1920s. Early rock music incorporated blues, boogie and jazz, and was influenced by traditional American folk music, church gospel music and country music. Going further back, even as early as the 19th century in the five boroughs of New York, we can find the prototype of rock music that combines African music and Irish music.
The term "rocking" was originally used by singers in the southern United States who sang hymns (gospel). (It is not a traditional hymn, but a black Ramp with a backbeat; B, which is one of the predecessors of rock and roll), which means a kind of music that makes people spiritually ascend to heaven. But by the 1940s, the word was used as a pun, literally defined as a dance, but with a sexual connotation; for example, Roy Brown's song at the time was called "Good Rocking Tonight." This kind of song was generally dismissed as "race music" (the music industry's code for R&B) at the time and was rarely heard by the mainstream of the music industry - white people. In 1951, a DJ named Alan Freed in Cleveland, Ohio, began to play this kind of music for his white audience, and Freed is known as the first to play this shocking R&B; The music established the title of "Rock and roll".
There is still much debate as to which record can be called the first rock and roll record. Candidates include Jackie Brenston & His Delta Cats in 1951's "Rocket 88" and later better known as "Maybellene", "Johnny B. Goode" (Chuck Berry) or "Bo Diddley" (Bo Diddley), "Rock Around the Clock" (Bill Haley & His Comets), or according to RollingStone magazine's controversial opinion in 2005: Elvis Presley was in Memphis (a city in southwest Tennessee, USA) for the SUN records label The first single released was "That's all right". Some historians go back even further, noting that the styles of 1940s musicians like Fats Domino were indistinguishable from rock music, including "Is You Is or Is You Ain't My Baby?" (Louis Jordan) ), "The Oakie Bookie" (Jack Guthrie, 1947) and "Rock Me to Sleep" (Benny Carter and Paul Vandervoort II, 1950).
Those earlier influential and pioneering artists began to be recorded in 1955: Bill Haley, Elvis Presley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Chuck Berry, Jerry Lee Lewis.
Regardless of how it began, rock music is believed to have emerged during a period of racial conflict in the United States.
At that time, black people in the United States were constantly resisting various segregation policies in schools and public facilities. The so-called "separate but equal" doctrine was nominally overturned by the Supreme Court in 1954. At this time, a new musical form that mixed elements of white and black music was about to emerge. It should be able to incite strong emotions regardless of race or category.
The term Rock and Roll may have originated from Louis Jordan and his Tympany Five performing Tamburitza Boogie (a black swing dance accompanied by Tamburitza) in New York on August 18, 1950. Translation of this song and dance form. However, as early as 1922, Trixie Smith had already composed a song titled "My Baby Rocks with One Steady Roll."
On March 21, 1952, Alan Freed (later known as Moondog) organized the first rock concert in Cleveland, called The Moondog Coronation Ball. The day was a mixed bag of spectators and performers, and the concert ended with a near-riot finale as thousands of outside fans tried to break into the venue.
Soon, the cultural industry began to realize that black music had a market among whites that transcended restrictions such as R&B, social prejudice and segregation, and did not do any harm to capitalism. The overnight success of rock music in the United States quickly crossed the ocean, reaching its climax in 1964 with the "British Invasion" (British rock musicians became popular in the Americas). In the late 1960s, rock music had spread all over the world. For example, in Australia, Johnny O'Keefe became perhaps the country's first modern rock star and opened the first page of Australia's long history of rock and roll.
Country Rock
In 1954, Elvis Presley recorded a regional song at Sam Phillips' Sun Studios in Memphis, Tennessee. The single "That's All Right, Mama." Elvis played a new form of music that blended country and Western music styles, later called country rock. It was famous for its hiccup-like vocals, fast and powerful drum beats, and almost convulsive guitar style. From there he became the first rock music star. But it wasn't until the creation of "Rock Around the Clock" by Bill Haley & His Comets the following year that the rumble of the rock locomotive officially began. The song is one of the most important compositions in rock history, and enthusiastic young crowds gathered to watch Haley and the Comets perform it, causing riots in some places.
"Rock Around the Clock" was a breakthrough for this group and for rock music as a whole. Just as the Nine-Story Tower was built from the ground, the song "Clock" had a huge influence on everything that followed. Due to its combination of country rock and R&B influences, "Clock" topped the U.S. pop charts for several weeks and became popular in places like Australia and Germany. The single was released in Australia by an independent label, Festival Records, and became the best-selling record in the country. In 1957, Jerry Lee Lewis and Buddy Holly became the first rock acts to tour Australia, making the music genre a global phenomenon. In the same year, Bill Haley & His Comets toured Europe, bringing rock music to the European continent for the first time.
Britpop
This traditional jazz movement brought to Britain, and the band bluesman on Donegan's version of 1955's "Rock Island Railroad" began to inspire many young people to try interception Skiffle music, including John Lennon, his "Quarry Men", formed in March 1957, would gradually change and develop into the Beatles. This was intended to be Britain's answer to American rock music creations which had a global impact. In the UK, gathering skiffle groups, recording and looking trends were in full bloom in youth culture before the rock era, and the idea of ??a separate "race record" along with less color-blocked journals seemed almost unimaginable. Countless young British people listened to R&B and rock pioneers and began to form bands of their own. Britain quickly became a new center for rock music.
In 1958, three British teenagers formed a rock band, Cliff Richard and the Tramps (later renamed Cliff Richard and the Shadows). The group's record hit, "Move It", marked the beginnings of not only remaining an authentic British rock single first and foremost, but also a piece of different-sounding British rock. Richard and his band introduced many important changes, such as the use of a "lead guitar" (player Hank Marvin) and an electronic bass.
The UK scene developed, with others including Tommy Steele and Adam Trust competing from the US in an effort to catch the stars. Some of the touring acts have attracted particular popularity in the UK, such as Gene Vinson. This inspired many British teenagers to start buying records and following the music scene, thus laying the foundation for Beatlemania.
Dance music was popular at the time in the '60s, as hits included Apache with a Shadow and Telecom with Tornado, an offshoot of British surf music.