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The development context of music archeology - prehistoric period

Bone flute from Jiahu, Wuyang, Henan: unearthed from 1986 to 1987 in a Neolithic tomb, dating back to the present day 8000~9000 years. Seven-tone holes, with five, six and seven-tone scales, are drilled from crane limb bones

Zhongshan Village Bones in Ruzhou, Henan Flute: Unearthed in 1986, it is a Neolithic age site, about 6955 to 7790 years ago. When it was unearthed, 9 sound holes remained, consisting of five holes and four holes in two staggered rows. They were drilled out of crane limb bones and may have been the standard sound tubes for tuning.

Henan Changge Stone Bone Post: Unearthed in 1979, it is a Neolithic tomb, about 8100 years ago. The bird limb bones are drilled, with a semicircular cross-section, one side is nearly flat, and an oblong hole is ground out in the middle

Hemudu bone whistle in Yuyao, Zhejiang: unearthed in 1973-1974, Neolithic Age, about 6,000 to 7,000 years ago, made from the middle section of a bird's limb bone. It may have been a tool used to trap birds during hunting

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Meiyan bone whistle in Wujiang, Jiangsu: unearthed in 1959, a relic of the Qingliangang Culture period or the Liangzhu Culture period, made of animal bones

Tao Xun from Tomb No. 358 in Jiangzhai, Lintong, Shaanxi Province: unearthed in 1979, a relic of the Yangshao Culture. It is shaped like an olive, hollow, with a blow hole, and the blow hole is concave. There is no sound hole, so it can produce one sound.

Henan Weishi Tong Liu Taoxun: Unearthed in the 1980s, Longshan Culture period. The cavity is flat and hollow, with a mouthpiece in the middle of the upper end and a sound hole on each shoulder on both sides of the mouthpiece, which can produce four tones

Xi'an Half Po Tao Xun: unearthed in 1954, a relic of Yangshao culture. It is shaped like an olive, with a blow hole at the top and a pressing hole at the bottom, which can produce two tones

Turtle shell rattle from Jiahu, Wuyang, Henan: unearthed in 1987 , the Neolithic Age, 7737-7762 years ago.

The back armor and abdomen are buckled together, and the armor is filled with stones of different colors, shapes and quantities

Jiangzhai rattle from Lintong, Shaanxi Province : Unearthed in 1979, relics of the Yangshao Culture

Pottery sound ware from Niujiaoshan, Huanggang, Hubei: Unearthed in 1956, Neolithic Age

Pottery Bell from Shijiahe, Tianmen, Hubei: Unearthed in 1956, Neolithic Age. Clay orange-red pottery, small vessel, 5.4cm in height. There are two parallel holes on the top surface, and there are similar Taotie patterns on both sides of the body

Pottery bell from Miaodigou, Shaanxian County, Henan: unearthed in 1956, Yangshao culture. Hand-made fine clay red pottery, round cone shape, with buttons on the top

Tao Ling from Dahe Village, Zhengzhou: unearthed from 1974 to 1985, Yangshao Culture, many pieces were unearthed, all in gray Pottery

Pottery bell from Doumen Town, Chang'an, Shaanxi Province: unearthed in 1955, Longshan Culture. Clay gray pottery, rectangular, with a round top and a flat dance. There is a round hole on both sides of the junction between the Yong and the Wu, which is similar to the cymbal shape of the Shang Dynasty

Pottery drum from Tomb No. 10, Dawenkou, Tai'an, Shandong Province: unearthed in 1959. The shape of the vessel is a pottery pot with broad round shoulders, a thick short neck, an open mouth, and a small flat bottom

Leshanping pottery drum in Yongdeng, Gansu: unearthed in 1985 , Majiayao culture. The painted pottery drum is made of clay and red pottery, with nipples around the outer edge, and the whole body is painted with ocher and black patterns

Taogu of Tao Temple in Xiangfen, Shanxi : Unearthed in 1980. The bone frame is made of hollowed-out tree trunks, with a slightly tapered cylindrical shape. The body surface is painted with a pink or ocher background color, and is painted in white, yellow, black, sapphire blue and other colors

Special chime from Tomb No. 3015 of Taosi Temple, Xiangfen, Shanxi: Unearthed in 1980. 80cm long, 33cm high

Special chime from Tomb No. 3002 of Taosi Temple, Xiangfen, Shanxi: Unearthed in 1976, made of natural stone flakes. 95cm long, 43cm high, 30.75kg in weight

Stone chime from Yanzhai, Yuzhou, Henan: unearthed in 1983, Longshan Culture, made of bluestone. 78cm long, 28.5cm high

Jingjiabao pottery corner in Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province: unearthed in 1976, Yangshao Culture.

Clay gray pottery, 42cm long

Pottery Corner of Gushui River, Yuzhou, Henan: Unearthed in 1976, Longshan Culture, made of gray pottery. Residual length 28cm

Pottery Corner of Lingyang River, Ju County, Shandong Province: unearthed in 1979, late Dawenkou Culture, brown sand-filled pottery. 39cm long

Xinjiang Hutubi Kangjia Shimenzi rock paintings: discovered in 1987, with a total area of ??more than 120 square meters and more than 300 large and small figures. Reflecting the sacrificial scenes of ancient ancestors and the pursuit of racial reproduction

The dance rock paintings in Heishan, north of Jiayuguan, Gansu: remains from the Neolithic Age. It is about 2.8 meters long and 1.03 meters wide. It seems to be a drill dance related to military affairs

Sunjiazhai Dance in Datong, Qinghai Human-colored pottery basin: unearthed in 1973, a relic of the Majiayao culture of the Neolithic Age, about 2500 BC. Height 14cm. Fine clay red pottery, the inner wall decoration theme is 3 groups of dancers

Dancing pattern pottery from Qianguya, Jiuquan, Gansu: unearthed in 1987, Neolithic Times

Reference books: "Archaeology of Chinese Music" written by Wang Zichu, published by Fujian Education Press in August 2003. (Pictures are all from this book)