Interpretation of numbering marks of classical music works We often see that the names of some classical music works are followed by numbers consisting of letters and numbers, such as op37, kv525, RV4 and D112. What do these labels mean, where do they come from and what are their functions? The most common notation is op or opus, which means "work" in Latin. It probably originated in the early 17th century. Publishers who publish music scores mark it to distinguish different works of the same composer. This is OP.. Op symbols are usually numbered from small to large in the order of the works published by the same composer, but this is not absolute. However, there are also problems with the op mark. For example, many composers' works were published by different publishers, and different publishers had different op serial numbers at that time. Therefore, there will be a work labeled op3 in one publisher, op8 in another publisher, and even op6 in a third publisher, which will obviously cause confusion. In the past two hundred years, more and more scholars have studied the music works of predecessors. It is very important for these scholars to study the works of these composers and list all their works. Because op marks sometimes cause confusion, or researchers find new works in the process of research, or some works have not been officially published without op marks, it is another job for these scholars to renumber all works. As a result, numbers such as BWV and D are produced, which are often the representative letters of the names of scholars who put forward new works. The following are some symbols commonly used in composers' works: works symbol/ Applicable composer AV——Richard Strauss Richard Strauss B——Dvorak de Vozak BB——Bartok Bartok BWV——J.S. Bach D——Schubert Schubert F——Vivaldi Vejvar H——Holst Houst HWV——Handel Handel Handel. K——Mozart Mozart KV——Mozart Mozart L——Debussy Debussy M——Vivaldi Vejvar Op—— Most composers P——Vivaldi Vejvar R——Vivaldi Vejvar RV——Vivaldi Vejvar S——J.S. Bach (with BWV). S——Liszt Liszt Sz——Bartok Bartok WWV——Wagner Wagner Z——Purcell Pashaw's musical works number is the number that marks the order of the composer's works. Mark with op. (short for opus) For example, the first work is marked as op.1 (No.1). If a work contains several pieces of music, use the semicolonNo. (abbreviation of $ NUMBER). Such as op.1,no.2 or op.1b, which means the second song in the first work. The works published after the composer's death are called "op. posthumous" and marked by op. post or op. posth. The number of music works comes from three kinds of people: 1. The composer himself; 2. Publishers; 3. Musician. It is generally believed that the Italian composer Banchieri was the first to number his works. In the early 18th century in Europe, composers generally didn't number their own works. At this time, publishers usually numbered their works from a convenient angle. This number can't truly reflect the order of composition completion. Beethoven was the first composer to systematically number his works. Today, the numbers of his important works are all from his own hands, but there are still some omissions. Some musicians in modern times systematically numbered the works of important composers for the benefit of future generations to study their works. Those without system numbers are also renumbered and marked with specific marks. The serial number of J.S. Bach's works was compiled by the German musician W. Schmied (191-1973), marked by BWV (the abbreviation of German Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis, meaning "Bach's serial number"), which was used in 195. The number of Xu Ci's works was compiled by Spitta and others, marked by SWV (short for Schutz-Werke-Verzeichnis in German, meaning "Xu Ci's works number"). Scarlatti's works were compiled by Italian pianist Alessandro Longo (1864-1945), American classical pianist kirkpatrick (1911-) and Italian musician Giorggio Pestelli (1938-), respectively, marked by the first letters of their surnames. The numbering of Mozart's works was compiled by Kaercher, marked by K. or K. V. (short for Kochel-Verzeichnis, meaning "Kaercher numbering"), which was used in 1862, revised by A. Einstein in 1937, marked by K3, and revised by Swiss musician Franz Giegling,1921- )1964 in 1964. Beethoven's works with missing numbers will be supplemented by later generations, mainly marked with Woo (abbreviation of Werkohne Opus Zahl, meaning "unnumbered works"). Schubert's works were re-numbered by Austrian musician Otto Erich Deutsch (1883-1967) and marked with D.