Is the "Song of Besieged on All Sides" sung by the Han soldiers back then a "Cockcrow Song"? As we all know, "Besieged on all sides" originated from "Historical Records 6.1 Xiang Yu's Chronicles". The article contains: "King Xiang's army lay down on the wall, with few soldiers and depleted food, and the Han army and the princes' soldiers were surrounded by many soldiers. At night, he heard that the Han army was embarrassed on all sides. King Xiang was shocked and said: 'Have all the Han troops been conquered? Who are the people of Chu? So many!" Later generations often used this allusion to describe a situation of being isolated and surrounded by enemies. What song is sung by "Chu Ge" in "Besieged on All Sides"? Yingzhao of the Eastern Han Dynasty noted: "Chu singers are called 'rooster crow songs'. The Han Dynasty has already gained some of its territory, so many Chu singers sing when roosters crow." (See "Hanshu? 6? 1 Ji 2" published by Zhonghua Book Company 》Page 379 Note) Ying Zhao of the Eastern Han Dynasty lived not far from the era of conflict between Chu and Han, and he was the one who wrote "Customs and Customs". This record must be accurate and trustworthy. Yan Shigu also held this view in his article "Justice", but only put forward his own opinions on certain wordings and corrected them: "The songs of the Chu people are also said to be 'Wu Xi' and 'Yue Yin'. If the cock crows, it is a song." The name is based on the principle, but it cannot be called "when the rooster crows". The great ancestor Mrs. Qi was dancing in Chu, so how could it be called "the time when the rooster crows"? That's right." The record of the ancient Chu song - "Chicken Crying Song" can also be found in Ban Guzhi's poem "Ode to History" in the "Book of Han", which describes the filial daughter Tiying who died in order to atone for her father's sins during the reign of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty. The story about asking to be sold as a maidservant reads: "I wrote a letter to the palace, thinking about ancient times and singing cock crows. Worry breaks the bones, and the morning breeze stirs up the sound." One of the words "thinking about ancient times" shows that the "cock crow song" has a long history. What kind of "song" is the "rooster song"? According to the famous poet Su Dongpo of the Northern Song Dynasty, he wrote in "Zhilin": "When I came to Huangzhou (today's Huanggang, Hubei Province), I heard that the Huang people gathered in groups to sing songs in February and March. The words were incomprehensible, and the pronunciation was not in the rhythm, but it was translucent. The sound is like a chicken singing back and forth, which is slightly similar to the folk song heard in the temple. The so-called "Chicken Cong" was the time teller at that time. , and imitates the sound of a cock crowing loudly to tell the time. According to this analysis, there is a difference between "chicken singing" and "rooster singing". The musicality of "chicken singing" is obviously stronger than the sound of "rooster singing". At the same time, we can also know from this that "Crowing Chinese and Western Chickens" imitates the sound of a rooster's crow, and its musical melody is a local folk song that goes "back and forth like a chicken singing." In a broad sense, all songs of Chu State should be called Chu songs. "Cockcrow Song" is a Chu song, but to be precise, it should be a kind of song (or a song) among the songs of Chu State. Judging from the role played by Chu songs (on all sides) during the conflict between Chu and Han and the "Cockcrow Song" recorded many times in Chinese books, it is not only one of the most famous and representative songs among Chu songs, but also a very popular song among the people of the Han Dynasty. Familiar songs. From a narrow and traceable perspective, it is definitely a song with strong local characteristics in a certain region of Chu State. Just as Yan Nanzhi'an of the Yuan Dynasty said in "Singing Theory": "Every song has its place." That is, songs in different places have their own style and characteristics due to different dialects and pronunciations. said. Even though the song later became widely circulated, its initial production and singing were "local". The Book of Songs has styles from fifteen countries and is widely praised, but they were originally spread in different regions and were born in different places at that time. As for the "rooster crow song" sung by "Besieged on All Sides", the same is true for its initial generation, and it also "has its place". How to find the birthplace of "Chicken Crow Song"? From the analysis of relevant music historical materials from the Pre-Qin Dynasty, songs from various places in ancient times were often named by country names (or place names), location names, river names, etc. For example, the south wind and Bei wind in "The Book of Songs? 6? 1 Guofeng"... and such as "Sangjian Pushang", Wu Yu, Yue Yin, Zheng Weizhi, etc., to name a few, help us study the famous " The "Cockcrow Song" sung by "Besieged on All Sides" provides the basis for finding its location. In view of this, this article attempts to explore the unsolved case of the birthplace of this historical record through the historical geography and music historical records related to this region, combined with the current music data obtained through field investigation as clues.