Music teaching is an indispensable part of kindergarten education. The main purpose of carrying out music teaching activities in kindergartens is to let children develop the interest of feeling and expressing beauty. But how to expand children’s musical potential? Now I will bring you several teaching methods!
Teaching methods of children’s music
1. Develop music based on children’s physiological and psychological characteristics Teaching activities
Music teaching activities in kindergartens belong to the music education in the enlightenment stage. Teachers should select more vivid teaching content based on the physical and psychological characteristics of children, and adopt flexible and diverse teaching forms. To stimulate children's curiosity and cultivate their interest in learning music. Games are activities that young children like very much. They will actively participate in interesting activities. Therefore, teachers can use game activities to carry out music teaching, so that children can use their hands and brains to the accompaniment of music melody. , learn music through oral games and activities. At the same time, teachers should choose appropriate music game activities based on the age characteristics of children. For example, children in small classes are new to music and have no concept of what music is. They like simple and lively rhythms and melodies. Teachers can design lively music game activities. For example, when learning the children's song "Walk", the lyrics are: "The little white rabbit walks and jumps, the little duck walks and waddles, the little turtle walks and crawls, and the little cat walks quietly." Teachers can let the children sing while singing. While imitating the way these animals walk, the teacher will then show pictures of other animals and ask the children to talk about how these animals walk and imitate them. In such game activities, children can actively participate in it and take the initiative to speak and perform. While learning children's songs, they also understand some common sense of life. For another example, when teaching the children's song "Tail Song" in middle class, the lyrics are: What kind of tail is flat? What kind of tail is curved? What kind of tail is like an umbrella? A duck's tail is flat, a rooster's tail is curved, and a squirrel's tail is like an umbrella. Which one has a long tail? Which one has a short tail? Which one has a tail like a fan? A monkey has a long tail, a rabbit has a short tail, and a peacock has a tail that looks like a fan. Teachers can help children understand the shape of the tails of different animals through riddle-guessing games, so that they can understand the structure of this children's song, memorize the melody of the music, and prepare for the following children's song creation activities.
2. Carefully select music teaching materials
A very important step in carrying out effective music teaching for young children is to select the right music teaching materials, that is, music teaching materials must not only have educational significance, but also be interesting. Because interest is the best teacher, only interesting teaching materials can attract children's attention. Although many excellent musical works are included in kindergarten textbooks, not every song is suitable for children's cognition. Some songs are too old, some lyrics are too complex, and the content of some songs is not very relevant to children's lives. Large connections, these may affect young children's understanding of musical works. So what kind of music teaching materials are suitable for young children? I think that as long as the content is healthy and interesting to young children, songs that can bring them a pleasant emotional experience are suitable teaching materials.
The "Kindergarten Education Guidance Outline (Trial)" states: "Guide children to contact the surrounding environment and beautiful people, things and things in life, enrich their perceptual experience and aesthetic taste, and inspire them to express beauty, Create a beautiful taste. "In addition to some excellent classic children's songs in textbooks, the content of children's music teaching can also include some popular songs and film and television drama episodes that are familiar to children, such as "Invisible Wings", "Grandma's Penghu Bay", etc. These songs can better attract children's attention and stimulate their interest. In children's music teaching, teachers can appropriately adapt the melodies and lyrics of these songs to make them more catchy and easy to learn, so that children can learn music knowledge and improve their aesthetic ability in a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere. During the teaching process, teachers will understand the difficulties of children's learning, such as dot sounds, pause sounds, the span of sounds, and the emotions when singing, and can help them solve the difficulties in learning. Therefore, kindergarten teachers should provide targeted solutions for children. Choose songs that make them "with the times."
3. Improve children’s appreciation ability through music appreciation activities
Music appreciation is a psychological process in which people think in images based on the development of the melody of the music. It is a music education for young children. However, young children do not yet have the ability to appreciate independently. They must rely on the guidance of lyrics and the enlightenment of teachers to complete the entire appreciation process. In music teaching, I usually guide children to appreciate music works in the following ways to improve their appreciation ability.
(1) Let children understand music through teachers’ explanations
Children’s first impressions of things are generally relatively profound. When children appreciate music works for the first time, teachers must try their best to Let them have a beautiful and profound impression of music. This process should arouse children's interest, make children's imagination active, and be emotionally touched.
For example, when listening to the song "Woodpecker", I asked the children to close their eyes and listen to the music, and follow the teacher's emotional explanation of the soundtrack, showing in their minds scenes of woodpeckers treating fruit trees, and fruit trees flourishing after insecticides. The beautiful pictures make children can't help but integrate with the music, and deeply feel the beauty of the melody and artistic conception of the music.
(2) Better express music through action demonstrations
For example, when enjoying Saint-Sa?ns' "Carnival of the Animals", I first made a request and asked the children to just Use movements without making any noise, and listen to the music one to three times. Then I observe their reactions. As a result, some children quickly used movements to express the movements of individual animals in the music. I seized the opportunity to encourage the children to use their imagination and boldly make up their own actions as the animal characters in the music changed, so that the children could perceive and express the music while listening, thinking and doing.
(3) Better display of music through pictures
For example, when enjoying the song "Dili, Dili", based on the children's understanding of the song, I Encourage them to imagine boldly and use paintbrushes to express various wonderful scenes about spring on paper, thereby completing the process from abstraction to concreteness.
In short, the most important way to cultivate children’s musical literacy is through music teaching activities in kindergartens. However, our teachers should not limit the music education to children in the classroom, but should introduce it to extracurricular activities and even Penetrate into daily life, create a music learning environment for children outside the classroom, provide them with more opportunities for performance and exercise, so that they can be accompanied by music in life, study, games and labor, and then So that children's physical and mental development can be better developed and improved in a pleasant and relaxed atmosphere.
Children’s vocal music teaching methods
First: It is emphasized that protecting the “voice” is more important than practicing the “voice”. Children in the growth period have very immature vocal organs. If you do not pay attention to protection, Voice, daily shouting, colds, incorrect vocalization methods or excessive use of the voice, etc. may cause hoarseness of children's voices or vocal cord nodules, polyps, or even loss of voice in severe cases.
Therefore, before children learn to sing, special voice health classes should be organized first to emphasize to parents and students the importance of protecting the “voice” and that protecting the “voice” is more important than practicing the “voice”. One principle.
"Speaking softly", "Voicing softly", "Using your voice properly", "Half-voice practice", and other things you should pay attention to in life, such as not singing into the wind, singing while running, before and after exercise, and before and after eating. , voice health care methods before and after singing and "four seasons". This is a set of "voice health care methods" suitable for children.
Second: Integrate the "invisible" and "tangible" vocal skills into children's intuitive image thinking. Teachers who study children's vocal music teaching must make it clear that children's singing and adult singing are two different things. Completely different concepts, adult singing methods and children's singing methods are also two completely different categories. If you use adult methods to guide children's voices, it will be difficult to achieve good results.
During the vocal music activities, some problems were discovered. Some teachers talked to the children about the "position", "*** point", "closure", "three singing methods" in vocal music theory, etc. Proper nouns confuse students. In learning, children should use simple and easy-to-understand methods to achieve their goals.
An important part of the bel canto singing technique is to make the sound enter the passage from the larynx to the nasopharyngeal cavity with the support of the breath, so as to obtain a better head voice. This is the only way for every singer to learn to sing, and it is also the only way for children to sing. This may sound profound, but the teacher deliberately downplays it during training and uses the method of "driving a train" to inspire students' imagination.
The teacher said, "Sound is like a "train", and "nasopharyngeal passage" is like a "railway." The train must run on the rails. This is a simple truth that students can easily understand. The direction of the train's arrival is " "Beijing Station", the teacher pointed to the forehead between the eyebrows to indicate where the sound should sing; the power to drive the train is here, the teacher pointed to the waist and abdomen to indicate the breath;
The brain is the commander-in-chief, and everyone In fact, all students carry a "teacher" with them, and this "teacher" is the "ear"! When the student's voice is wrong, the teacher humorously says, "Listen to your teacher, the train has left the tracks!" The students will quickly adjust the voice. ;
When paying attention to the "passage" above and not paying attention to the use of breath, the teacher said again: "The train is out of gas and can't start!" The students quickly touched their waist and abdomen with their hands and paid attention to their breathing. Work hard and get your breath back;
When the sound reached the forehead and between the eyebrows through the "channel", the teacher happily encouraged, "Ah! By the way, the train you drove arrived successfully? Beijing Railway Station?” The students danced for joy and had a sense of accomplishment! Training is the basis for acquiring the head voice.
Third: “humming” softly. Generally, children do not receive good training when they have received Never allow loud singing before the training, otherwise, the beautiful voice quality will disappear. If children want to obtain a good head voice, they must start with weak humming training.
The process is: seize the natural state of "humming" and train "humming" with the support of breath, so that the children's vocal cords and various organs are fully adjusted, and then slowly strengthen and strengthen them. expand. If you observe carefully, you will find that "humming" is actually the most natural and favorite state of children. You can often hear children humming to themselves on the way home from school, or when classmates get together. This is also the most precious singing. The initial natural state is to capture this feeling. Because humming "ng" will cause the vertical part behind the soft palate to vibrate, leading to the opening of the nasopharyngeal passage, and at the same time relaxing the lower jaw, allowing students to achieve a better head voice with the cooperation of breathing.