Explain the orchestra

orchestra

A band composed of woodwind instruments, brass instruments, stringed instruments and percussion instruments is called an orchestra. Orchestra is often used to play symphonic works of different styles and genres, also known as symphony orchestra.

(1) Composition of the orchestra

The orchestra consists of the following musical instruments:

Woodwind instruments mainly include flute, oboe, clarinet and bassoon.

brass instruments mainly include horn, trumpet and trombone.

stringed instruments mainly include violin, viola, cello and double bass.

percussion instruments mainly include timpani, snare drum, and cymbals.

Other musical instruments are some instruments added to the orchestra compilation mainly according to the needs of performing works.

due to the continuous development of the orchestra and the continuous expansion of its structure, new instruments are gradually added to the four groups of instruments that make up the orchestra. For example, the woodwind group has joined piccolo, English pipe, bass clarinet, bass bassoon and other instruments; The brass group has added instruments such as cornet, bass trombone and bass tuba; The percussion group has added drums, triangle, xylophone and Zhong Qin.

In order to improve the expressive force of the orchestra and make its sound more colorful, sometimes the orchestra can be equipped with some "decorative instruments", such as the harp, piano, organ and saxophone.

In order to better reflect their style characteristics, composers of national music school and some modern works have added some special musical instruments such as grand piano, domla, mandolin, guitar, China bamboo flute and suona to the orchestra.

(2) Establishment of orchestra

① Small orchestra

A band with about 2-3 people is a small orchestra. Because some woodwind and brass instruments can only use one, it is also called "single wind band". The band configuration is as follows:

1-2 flute players

1 oboe player

1-2 clarinet player

1-2 horn players

1 trumpet player

1 trombone player

1-2 percussion players

6-8 violins. People

The total number of people is 18-26

③ Medium-sized orchestra

A band with 3 to 5 people is a medium-sized orchestra, and all woodwind and brass instruments can be kept at more than two, so it is also called a "double-tube band". The band configuration is as follows:

1 piccolo

2 flutes

2 oboes

2 clarinets

3-4 bassoons

2-3 trumpets

2 trombones

1 tuba

2-3 percussion instruments. -4 people

1-2 people with double bass

The total number is 34-5 people

④ Large orchestra

With the further increase of the number of bands and instruments used, some wind instruments use three or four to form a so-called three-or four-tube band, and the number is generally about 6-8, which is a large orchestra.

Large orchestras have not only increased the number of some musical instruments, but also expanded the types of musical instruments used by the whole orchestra. The band configuration is as follows:

1 piccolo

2-3 flutes

2-3 oboes

1 British clarinet

2-3 clarinets

1 bass clarinet

2-3 bassoons

1 bass clarinet

4 French horns. 1 person

1-2 people in tuba

1 person in timpani

1 person in snare drum