Crime and Punishment is one of Dostoevsky's best novels and is well known to the majority of readers. As soon as the novel came out, it aroused numerous interpretations and widely differing reviews. But Gorky said that the genius of the author of "Crime and Punishment" is indisputable. In terms of artistic expression, his talent can only be compared with that of Shakespeare. This article explores the artistic features of the work "Crime and Punishment" from three aspects. Polyphonic structure characterized by pluralistic dialogues. The former Soviet literary theorist Bakhtin divided novels into two types. One type is traditional, that is, novels formed under the control of a single author's consciousness, which he calls "dude" or "tune" novels. The other is the "polyphonic novel". Bakhtin borrowed the musical term "polyphony" to clarify the artistic structural form of Dostoevsky's novels, and believed that Dostoevsky was the founder of polyphonic novels. The creative structure of "Crime and Punishment" is precisely the author's bold innovation in artistic form and a challenge to traditional realism. The theory of "polyphonic novel" is regarded as a unique school of literary theory by Western literary and art circles, and it has great interest in it. The polyphony phenomenon in "Crime and Punishment" includes three basic levels of dialogue and two levels of dialogue overall. First of all, let's take a look at the three basic levels of dialogue between the protagonist and the author, the dialogue between the protagonist and himself, and the dialogue between the protagonist and the protagonist. In the process of reading "Crime and Punishment", readers will deeply feel the dialogue between the protagonist and the author. In such a revealing process, what is revealed goes far beyond the author's own WP=33 thoughts, and what is often obtained and seen is the complete value independent of the author's subjective consciousness, rather than the pure author's understanding of life. summary. In this way, the protagonist's ideology has its relative independence and distinctiveness. The dialogue between the protagonist and himself, that is, the "inner dialogue", is the most exciting form of dialogue in Doshi's novels. The protagonist shows intense inner conflict in this complex and unique monologue dialogue. In this conflict, different sides of the character's thoughts are displayed, forcing sensitive readers to quickly penetrate into the character's inner world. The dialogue between the protagonist and the protagonist is a heated argument. Both parties in the dialogue understand each other's key points and care about each other's evaluation of themselves. In this active dialogue situation, readers can easily get a glimpse of the protagonist's inner world. Secondly, what I want to discuss is the overall "large dialogue" and "micro dialogue". Bakhtin called the so-called "large dialogue" a "counterpoint" structure. In "Crime and Punishment", the author's "counterpoint structure" refers to the "psychological counterpoint" that forms the structural center of the novel and controls the overall layout of the novel. "Mini dialogue" is mainly reflected in the psychological structure of the characters. The miniature dialogue in "Crime and Punishment" is very delicate, colorful and can be seen everywhere. The protagonist of "Crime and Punishment" is a morbid, eccentric character with a twists of fate. Various forms of dialogue in the novel are manifestations of the characters' inner conflicts, pain and mental disorder. The author uses unique psychological analysis that is close to life forms to get a glimpse into the depths of the characters' hearts and the true face of reality in a tortuous way. Although "Crime and Punishment" cannot be defined as a "polyphonic novel", the "polyphonic" structure in the work shows the uniqueness of Dostoevsky's creation as a great artist. Bizarre techniques for describing inner divisions. A skilled writer can reveal the true nature of things through absurdity. As a realist writer, Dostoevsky deliberately rebelled against "bad habits that have been developed by contemporary realism" and did not hesitate to describe deformities, divisions and abnormalities. "Crime and Punishment" is full of gloomy and morbid colors, abnormal rhythm, and turbulent mood, which indeed breaks the soothing style and overall layout of traditional realism. Because writers have their own special views. What most people would call the transcendent and illusory sometimes constituted for him the most essential reality. Ordinary reality and the common view of reality, Dossev believed that this was not true realism.

Therefore, he uses this absurd technique to show readers the inner division and morbid psychology of the protagonist in "Crime and Punishment", thereby revealing the culprit of the character's dual personality - it is the development of capitalism that causes the relationship between people. hostility and moral decay. The manifestation of this morbid color in the works is related to the author's own temperament and life feelings. However, for Dosage, being obsessed with illusory descriptions is mainly a unique expression of inner conflict. The deformities and abnormalities in his works ultimately reflect the distortion of human nature in capitalist society and are deformations under certain social conditions. He believes that "bizarre" and "weird" sometimes constitute the essence of reality. This artistic method cleverly reveals the theme of the work, arouses readers' excitement, and inspires readers to think deeply. The protagonist of "Crime and Punishment" is the "visionary" described by Dostoevsky. In terms of portraying the character's soul, Dosage used special artistic techniques such as dreams, hallucinations and stream of consciousness to describe the flow of his subconscious consciousness. Some Western critics believe that dreams often constitute the typical environment in Dostoevsky's works. The work also contains wonderful descriptions in which the writer skillfully combines the protagonist's fantasies and dreams. The creative technique of stream of consciousness has been successfully used in "Crime and Punishment". In this way, the secrets of the soul hidden behind the characters' confused consciousness are effectively unearthed. At the same time, it also makes readers clearly feel the sociality hidden deep in the soul. Later modernist literature focused on expressing the subjective world and psychological description. Modernist writers generally adopted the artistic technique of stream of consciousness. A unique method of dealing with the relationship between time and space in the art world. In order to maximize the expression of people's innermost secrets and multi-level psychological fluctuations and expand the scope of psychological description, Dostoev's WP=35 in "Crime and Punishment" Ji's special treatment of the space-time relationship in the art world reflects the writer's unique artistic style. As a masterpiece, "Crime and Punishment" is vast in length and capacity, but its plot lasts only fourteen and a half days, condensing time.