The origin of the surname Du 1. Origin of the surname
The surname Du (Dù) has three origins:
1. It comes from the surname Qi, with Yi as the surname. The history of how people with the surname Du got their surname is very glorious from the historical records. According to "Tongzhi? Clan Brief", it is said that the Du family was also the Du family in the Tang Dynasty, and their surname was Qi. After Emperor Yao. It is said that one of the twenty-fifth sons of the emperor was named Qi. Yao's surname was Yi Qi. The Du family came from the Qi surname and was a descendant of Emperor Yao. In ancient times, people took the name of the fiefdom as Tao and Tang. Descendants of the Tao Tang family once founded the country in Liu. At that time, Kongjia, the sixth grandson of the Xia Hou family, was the king of Xia. He was good at treating ghosts and gods. Legend has it that two dragons, a male and a female, descended from the sky. Kong Jia didn't know how to raise them, so Liu Lei, a descendant of the Tao Tang family, learned how to disturb dragons from the Huanlong family. The Huanlong family raised dragons to serve Emperor Shun, so they were given the surname. Liu Lei was also given the surname Yulong because he was studying to disturb the dragon and served Kong Jia. By the Western Zhou Dynasty, Liu Lei's descendants established the Tang State and were known as the Tang Du family. Later, King Cheng of the Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Tang State, granted his younger brother Yu the title of Tang Dynasty, and moved the Tang monarch to Du, who was called Du Bo. During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty, the Du Kingdom was destroyed again, and Du Bo, a Zhou doctor, was also innocent and killed. Most of Du Bo's descendants went to other princes, and those who stayed in Ducheng took Du as their surname.
2. After the ancient Dukang. According to "Shiben", it is said that he is a descendant of Du Kang, the inventor of wine making during the Yellow Emperor's reign. According to legend, Du Kang lived in the Huangdi period and was good at making wine. If Du Kang is the ancestor of the Du surname, then this surname has a history of at least four to five thousand years.
3. Change of surname from another clan. For example, in the Northern Wei Dynasty, there were the Xianbei clan that replaced the Duguhun clan in the north, the Jurchen clan in the Jin Dynasty, the Tushan clan, the Manchu Dushan clan, the Tuktan clan, the Oroqen clan Duningken clan, the Yugu clan Duman clan, the Daur clan Degong clan, and the Dalidel clan. Others changed their surname to Du, and other ethnic groups such as Manchu, Mongolian, Tujia, Jing, Hui, Russian, Zhuang, Tibetan, and Korean had this surname.
The ancestor of the surname: Du Bo. After Emperor Yao's descendant Liu Lei. In ancient times, Emperor Shun granted Yao's son Danzhu a title in the Tang Dynasty (today's Yicheng, Shanxi Province). Danzhu's descendants were all princes in the Xia and Shang Dynasties. When he became king at the beginning of Zhou Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty disrespected the emperor of the dynasty and was destroyed by Zhou Gongdan, who was the regent at the time. His younger brother Shu Yu was granted the title of Tang Dynasty, and the descendants of the original monarch of Tang Dynasty were moved to Du, so they were renamed the Du family of Tang Dynasty. During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty, King Huan of Du State of Tang Dynasty served as a high official in the court and was known as Du Bo. Du Bo's free and easy style attracted the attention of King Zhou Xuan's favored concubine Nu Jiu, so he tried to seduce him. However, the upright Du Bo was unmoved. The angry Nu Jiu complained first and falsely accused Du Bo of bullying her, so King Zhou Xuan killed him. Duber. After Du Bo's death, most of his descendants fled to the Central Plains. The survivors who stayed in Ducheng took the country as their surname and called it Du. They respected Du Bo as the ancestor of the Du surname.
2. Migration distribution
The Du surname was born in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, people with the Du surname had already migrated to Chu, Lu and other countries. "New Book of Tang" says: "There was Du Xie in Lu. He avoided the difficulties of Ji Pingzi and ran to Chu, where he gave birth to Chuo, a great official. Chuo gave birth to Duan, and Duan gave birth to He." Du He was a general of Qin, and he lived in Yanyi, Nanyang. At that time, he was called Du Yan. Du Bing, the youngest son of He, was appointed as the prefect of Shangdang (now Changzhi, Shanxi Province); Bing's son Du Zha was appointed as the prefect of Nanyang; Zha's son Du Zhou was appointed as the censor. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he was forced by the imperial court to move to Maoling (today's Shaanxi Province) because he was a wealthy and distinguished family. Province Xingping Northeast), later formed the largest Wangjun in the history of Du surname - Jingzhao County. The surname Jingzhao Du comes from Du Wen and Du Yao, the 20th grandson of Du Yannian, Marquis of Jianping of the Han Dynasty. In the following hundreds of years, the Du surname formed many branches: the Du surname in Xiangyang came from Du Yin, the youngest son of Du Yu, Marquis of Dangyang and the prefect of Jin Hongnong; the Du surname in Huanshui (now Anyang, Henan Province) came from Dai Hou The youngest son is Du Kuan; the surname of Du in Puyang comes from Du Wei, the son of Du He, who lived in Puyang for a long time and is the descendant of Du Mo. He was the prefect of Puyang in the later Wei Dynasty because of his family Yan. In short, the Du surname mainly multiplied in today's Shaanxi from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty. Its spread process ranged from Shaanxi to Shandong, then to Henan, and finally returned to Shaanxi. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Central Plains was in chaos and war smoke was everywhere. To avoid the war, the Du family moved southward in large numbers. They successively multiplied into large families in Xiangyang and Xiangfan in Hubei, Mianzhu and Chengdu in Sichuan, and Qiantang in Zhejiang. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Du Rang Neng was appointed as the governor of Shannan. In the event of war, he took refuge in Shanyin, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province). Sun Du Ren, a descendant of Rang Neng, moved to Maluan Township, Renli, Tong'an, Fujian Province to avoid the chaos of the Yuan Dynasty. He was named Maluan Du. Ancestor. In the early Ming Dynasty, the Du surname was one of the surnames of the immigrants from the Hongdong Sophora tree, and was moved to Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Du surname had spread all over the country and spread overseas. There are descendants of the Du surname in Southeast Asia, Europe and the United States. The Du surname is the 53rd most common surname in China today. It has a large population, accounting for about 0.4% of the country's Han population.
3. Historical Celebrities
Du Cao: A native of Duling, Jingzhao (now southeast of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province), he was a calligrapher and painter of the Han Dynasty. He was the prime minister during the reign of Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty and was famous for his good Zhangcao. Together with Cui Yuan, he is called "Cui Du".
Du ......>>
Where does the surname Du rank among the population in the country? His origin? The contemporary population with the surname Du is nearly 5.2 million, ranking it as the 47th surname in the country, accounting for approximately 0.41% of the national population.
Origin
Clan worship
Duben is the name of a tree, also known as Gantang, or Duli. It is a tree that grew in the Chang'an area of ??Shaanxi in ancient times. The tree Dulizhi is a tree that one of the Shennong clan is good at cultivating. It has become the social tree of the clan, that is, the sacred tree. This clan worshiped the Duli tree as the original totem of the clan. They took the name of the Du Ming clan and the place name of Du Mingju. After establishing the country, they called it Ducheng and eventually formed the Guohe surname. This should be the earliest origin of the Du surname.
The Du family of Duling
Originated from the surname Qi and came from the fiefdom of the descendants of Emperor Yao's grandson Liu Lei. It is a surname named after the country. One of the twenty-five sons of the Yellow Emperor was named Qi. Yao's surname was Yi Qi. The Du family was derived from the surname Qi and was a descendant of Emperor Yao. In addition to inheriting the surname of his ancestor Ji, Yao also took the place name "Qi" as his surname because his mother Qingdu (a daughter of the Youfeng tribe living in Huaiyang, Henan Province today) gave birth to him at Yi Changru's house in Qi District. The "emperors" in ancient Chinese history and legends all have clan names, such as the Yan Emperor Shennong clan, the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan clan, etc. Yao's clan tribe was good at farming and making pottery. They also used Tang (now Tang County, Hebei) and Tao (now Dingtao, Shandong) as their tribal residences, so they were respectfully called Tao Tang clan, so there was Emperor Yao Tao Tang. The title of his clan is also simply called "Tang Yao". Descendants of the Tao Tang family once founded the country in Liu. At that time, Kongjia, the sixth grandson of the Xia Hou family, was the king of Xia. He was good at treating ghosts and gods. Legend has it that two dragons, a male and a female, descended from the sky. Kong Jia didn't know how to raise them, so Liu Lei, a descendant of the Tao Tang family, learned how to disturb dragons from the Huanlong family. The Huanlong family raised dragons to serve Emperor Shun, so they were given the surname. Liu Lei was also given the surname Yulong because he was studying to disturb the dragon and served Kong Jia. By the Western Zhou Dynasty, Liu Lei's descendants established the Tang State and were known as the Tang Du family. Later, King Cheng of the Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Tang Kingdom, and granted his younger brother Yu the title of Tang Dynasty. He also moved the Tang monarch to Du, who was called Du Bo. During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty, the Du Kingdom was destroyed again, and Du Bo, a Zhou doctor, was also innocent and killed. Most of Du Bo's descendants went to other princes, and those who stayed in Ducheng took Du as their surname. At that time, Uncle Xi, son of Du Bo, fled to the state of Jin and later became an official in the Jin Dynasty. His descendants became the Shi clan, and later settled in Fan, and became the Fan clan again. The Du family, the Shi family, and the Fan family have the same origin. In the early Spring and Autumn Period, the Tang and Du Kingdoms were destroyed by the Qin Kingdom. In 687 BC, Qin Wugong established Du County, which is located in the southeast of Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province. In the sixth year of Yuankang in the Western Han Dynasty (65 BC), Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty built a mausoleum here, so it was renamed Duling.
According to relevant historical data, the place where the Du clan lived in Duling was in the southeastern end of East Shaoling Plains in Chang'an County, Shaanxi Province today. Since the Du clan's nobles lived here for generations, they settled there during the Tang Dynasty. The place name "Duqu" was set up. Later, because of the place name of Dugu in the south, later generations called Du Qu as Bei Du and Dugu as South Du. The Du clan of the two societies was called the Du clan Zhengzong in history and was the main component of the Du clan. The correct pronunciation of this branch of Du family is dù(ㄉㄨA).
The surname Mi is Du.
The surname Mi comes from Du Ao, the monarch of Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period. It is a surname based on the name of an ancestor. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a monarch in the Chu State named Xiong Jian, known as Du Ao, also known as Du Ao and Zhuang Ao. According to the historical record "Historical Records of the Chu Family": "King Wu died and the army stopped. King Ziwen established Xiong Yu and established the capital of Ying. In the second year of King Wen, he attacked Shen and passed Deng. The people of Deng said, 'The king of Chu is easy to take', and the Marquis of Deng No. In the sixth year, Cai was captured and Aihou returned, and Chu was strong. The small countries in Lingjiang and Han were all afraid of it. In the eleventh year, Qi Huan Gong began, and Chu also became powerful. , defeated Deng and destroyed him. In the thirteenth year, Zi Qi was Du Ao. In the fifth year of Du Ao's reign, he wanted to kill his younger brother Xiong Yun. After Jian was killed, his descendants dispersed and took refuge. Some of the people who took the title of the late king as their surname were called the Du family, or the Du family, and were later collectively called the Du family, which has been passed down from generation to generation.
The surname Mi is derived from Du Ao (Du Ao). The pronunciation of "Du" and "Du" are both tú (ㄊㄨ@), and the current pronunciation can also be pronounced dù (ㄉㄨA) .
The Duguhun clan
Originates from the Xianbei clan. It comes from the Duguhun clan of the Xianbei Tuoba tribe during the Northern and Southern Dynasties and the Northern Wei Dynasty. It is a Chinese-style surname.
According to the historical book "Book of Wei", during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Northern Wei Dynasty had the Duguhun clan, one of the clan tribes of the Tuoba tribe of Xianbei. The Duguhun family of Xianbei, ranked at the bottom of the 110 surnames of Xianbei nobles, is an old tribe of the Xianbei people in the Daibei region.
During the reform process of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, most of the Dugu Hun family were changed to the Han surnames Du, Du, and Dugu, and gradually integrated into the Han nationality, and became the Du family in Luoyang, Henan. The correct pronunciation of this branch of Du family is dù(ㄉㄨA).
Ji’s surname is Du Kang
Derived from the surname Ji, it comes from Du Kang, the inventor of winemaking during the Yellow Emperor period. It is a surname based on the name of an ancestor. According to the historical record "Shiben", the Du family was born during the reign of the Yellow Emperor... >>
The origin of the surname Du? The history of the surname Du is very glorious from the historical documents. According to legend, one of the emperor's twenty-fifth sons was named Qi. Yao's surname was Yi Qi. The Du family came from the Qi surname and was a descendant of Emperor Yao. In ancient times, people took the name of the fiefdom as Tao and Tang. Descendants of the Tao Tang family once founded the country in Liu. At that time, Kongjia, the sixth grandson of the Xia Hou family, was the king of Xia. He was good at treating ghosts and gods. Legend has it that two dragons, a male and a female, descended from the sky. Kong Jia didn't know how to raise them, so Liu Lei, a descendant of the Tao Tang family, learned how to disturb dragons from the Huanlong family. The Huanlong family raised dragons to serve Emperor Shun, so they were given the surname. Liu Lei was also given the surname Yulong because he was studying to disturb the dragon and served Kong Jia. By the Western Zhou Dynasty, Liu Lei's descendants established the Tang State and were known as the Tang Du family. Later, King Cheng of the Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Tang Kingdom, and granted his younger brother Yu the title of Tang Dynasty. He also moved the Tang monarch to Du, who was called Du Bo. During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty, the Du Kingdom was destroyed again, and Du Bo, a Zhou doctor, was also innocent and killed. Most of Du Bo's descendants went to other princes, and those who stayed in Ducheng took Du as their surname. Some scholars believe that the descendants of the Du family are descendants of the ancient Du Kang. According to legend, Du Kang lived in the Huangdi period and was good at making wine. If Du Kang is the ancestor of the Du surname, then this surname has a history of at least four to five thousand years. In addition, in the Late Wei Dynasty, some Northerners' Duguhun family name was also changed to Du family name. 2. Migration and distribution In the pre-Qin period, Du family spread and multiplied in present-day Shanxi, Shandong, Hubei, Sichuan, Hebei and other provinces. From the Han Dynasty to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Du family was widely distributed in present-day Henan, with people living in Nanyang, Neihuang, Weihui, Dengfeng, Yanshi, Xuchang, Linxian, Dengzhou, Linbao, Luoyang, Xinye and other places; Du family is more prosperous in Xi'an, Shaanxi. In addition, present-day Sichuan, Deyang, Pengshan, Mianyang, Chengdu, Shanxi, Yongji, Taiyuan, Huoshan, Lujiang, Anhui, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Xiangyang, Hubei, Gaoyou, Jiangsu, Jurong, Jiangsu, Huaian, Jiangsu, Linzhang and Zhengding, Hebei, Weifang, Shandong Zhangqiu and other places also have Du family settlements. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, some members of the Du family migrated to Fujian and Guangdong. In the Qing Dynasty, some moved to Taiwan, and some further moved overseas. The ancestral residence of Yao was in Jinhu, Jiangsu. 3. The hall names of Junwangtang The main hall names of Du family are Shishengtang or Shaolingtang. The origin is that Du Fu, the great poet of the Tang Dynasty, called himself Shaoling Ye Lao, and history called him the sage of poetry. In addition, there are Jingzhao Hall, Baotian Hall, Baolian Hall, etc. County Wangs The main counties with the Du surname include Jingzhao County, Xiangyang County, Puyang County, etc. Among them, Jingzhao County is the most famous. Jingzhao County was established in the first year of the Taichu period of the Han Dynasty after the reform of You Neishi. The commander was equivalent to the prefect of the county and was one of the three auxiliaries. It is equivalent to the area north of today's Qinling Mountains, east of Xi'an City, and south of the Wei River. During the Wei Dynasty of the Three Kingdoms, it was renamed Jingzhao County. Xiangyang County is divided into Nanjun and Nanyang counties, which is equivalent to today's Xiangyang, Nanzhang, Yicheng, Yuan'an, Dangyang and other places in Hubei Province. Puyang County is equivalent to today's Wei County, Puyang, Fan County in Henan Province, Guocheng in Shandong Province and other places. In the late Western Jin Dynasty, it was changed to a county.
People with Du surname: Du family members migrated to Fujian and Guangdong during the Song and Yuan dynasties, some moved to Taiwan during the Qing dynasty, and some further moved overseas. After thousands of years of reproduction, the Du family spread all over the country. Especially the Du family in Jingzhao (now northeast of Xi'an, Shaanxi), Hanyang (now north of the Yangtze River in Hubei), and Nanyang (now Nanyang, Henan) were the most prosperous. In Chinese history, Du family has given birth to many outstanding figures. Du Kang: According to legend, he was the first person to make wine in the history of our country. He created a method of making sake using sticky sorghum as raw material. He was revered as the Sage of Wine by later generations. Du Bo: He was the lord of Du Di (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province) in the early Western Zhou Dynasty and one of the ancestors of the Du surname. Du Yu: the legendary king of ancient Shu. At the end of the Zhou Dynasty, when the seven kingdoms were crowned kings, Du Yu first proclaimed himself emperor in Shu, with the title Wangdi. Du Cang: Du Zhou (? - 95 BC), the Prime Minister of the Qin State during the Warring States Period in China, was a native of Du Yan, Nanyang (now Nanyang, Henan Province). Zhongcheng, the censor doctor, was given the posthumous title Huanghou. He was a famous cruel official in the Western Han Dynasty and was famous for his strict law enforcement. Du Yannian (? - 52 BC): a native of Du Yan, Nanyang (now Nanyang, Henan).
Minister of the Western Han Dynasty, the young son of Du Zhou, the imperial censor, and Jianpinghou, one of the eleven heroes of Qilin Pavilion. His posthumous title is Jinghou. Du Zichun (30-58 BC) was a native of Fengshi, Henan (now Yanshi, Henan). A famous Confucian scholar in the late Western Han Dynasty. Du Du (date of birth and death unknown): a native of Duling, Jingzhao (now Xi'an, Shaanxi). Namely Du Cao, the people of Wei and Jin changed his name to Du Du because they avoided the taboo of the name Cao Cao, Emperor Wu of the Wei Dynasty. A famous calligrapher in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Du Du was famous for his good calligraphy. Cui Yuan and Cui's father and son studied Du Du's calligraphy, and later generations were called "Cui and Du" together, and they were Zhang Zhishi. Du Shi (?-38): A native of Ji County, Hanoi (now Weihui, Henan). Official and inventor of the Eastern Han Dynasty. He invented the water drain (hydraulic blower) and used water as power to cast agricultural tools, which was 1,100 years earlier than similar products in Europe. He also built water conservancy and developed agricultural production, so he was honored as "Du Mu" by the locals. Du Lin (?-47): A native of Fufeng Maoling (now Xingping, Shaanxi). Minister and scholar of the Eastern Han Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty, Du Lin served as an official serving as a censor, reaching the rank of Grand Sikong, where he was called Prime Minister. In academic terms, he was known as a great scholar because of his extensive knowledge, and later generations called him "the sect of the primary school." Du Qiao (? - 147): a native of Linli, Hanoi (now Linzhou, Henan). A famous official in the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was the crown prince and Taifu. He was promoted to Taiwei from Guanglu. Du Qiao was loyal to outspokenness and virtuous in assisting administration. He was a good minister in the world and was as famous as Li Gu. Du Mi (?-169): A native of Yangcheng, Yingchuan (now Dengfeng, Henan). Minister of the Eastern Han Dynasty. When he served as the Grand Administrator of Taishan and the Prime Minister of Beihai, he was famous for punishing the eunuchs' children who did evil. After becoming an imperial servant, he was called "the best assistant in the world" by the imperial students. Du Ji (163-224) was born in Duling, Jingzhao (now Xi'an, Shaanxi). A famous minister of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period, he was a descendant of Du Yannian, the imperial censor of the Western Han Dynasty. He was promoted to Shangshu Pushe and was granted the title of Marquis of Fengle Pavilion. Du Shu (198-252): a native of Duling, Jingzhao (now Xi'an, Shaanxi). The son of Du Ji, he was a famous official and scholar in the Cao Wei Dynasty during the Three Kingdoms period. He wrote eight chapters of "Tyxi Lun" and one "Xing Xing Lun". Du Yu (222-285) was born in Duling, Jingzhao (now Xi'an, Shaanxi). The son of Du Shu, a famous politician, strategist and scholar in the Western Jin Dynasty, and one of the commanders in the war to unify Wu. Du Kui: Henan native. A famous musician during the Cao and Wei dynasties of the Three Kingdoms, he was in charge of singing and dancing music for a long time, studied it carefully, and was known for his proficiency in music. Du Yu (?-311): A native of Deng Ling, Xiangcheng (now Xiangcheng, Henan), the grandson of Du Xi. Du Yu is the earliest tea expert in the history of Chinese tea. He is also a member of the Twenty-Four Humanities Group of the Western Jin Dynasty. Du Zhiwei (508-559) was a native of Qiantang, Wu County (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang). He wrote the history of Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties. Tongzhi Sanqi often serves. Du (?-580): a native of Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) in the Southern Dynasties. In the Southern Dynasties, he was the secretary and supervisor of Zhongcheng, the imperial censor of Liang State. Du Fuwei (598-624) was born in Zhangqiu, Qizhou (now Zhangqiu, Shandong). The leader of the peasant uprising in the late Sui Dynasty. Du Shun (557-640): a native of Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi'an, Shaanxi). An eminent monk of the Tang Dynasty, he was the founder of the Huayan Sect. He became a monk at the age of eighteen, with the Buddhist name Fashun. He studied under the monk Zhen (Daozhen) of the Yinsheng Temple and received training and established a career. He later lived in Zhongnan Mountain and preached the Huayan teachings. Later generations respected him as the first ancestor of the Huayan Sect, and he was known as the Incarnation of Manjusri, the Venerable Emperor's Heart, and the Bodhisattva Zhuanghuang. Du Ruhui (585-630) was born in Duling, Jingzhao (now Xi'an, Shaanxi). Prime Minister and famous politician of the Tang Dynasty, he was in charge of government affairs with Fang Xuanling during the Taizong period of the Tang Dynasty. He had formulated various codes and systems, and was collectively known as "Fang Du" at the time. Du Yan (? - 628): a native of Duling, Jingzhao (now Xi'an, Shaanxi). Prime Minister of the Tang Dynasty. Shangshu's right servant shot. The son of Du Yesun, the governor of Yuzhou in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and Du Zheng, the prefect of Hanoi. Du Zhenglun (575-658) was born in Huanshui, Xiangzhou (now Wei County, Hebei Province). Prime Minister of the Tang Dynasty. He was granted the title of Duke of Xiangyang County. Du Jingjian (?-700): a native of Wuyi, Jizhou (now Hebei). Prime Minister of the Tang Dynasty. The imperial censor serves in the palace. ......>>
The origin of the Du family The origin of the Du family:
Du Kang, Ji Bo, Mi (Xiong Jian), Du Kuai. After Emperor Yao's descendant Liu Lei. In ancient times, Emperor Shun granted Yao's son Danzhu a title in the Tang Dynasty (today's Yicheng, Shanxi Province). Danzhu's descendants were all princes in the Xia and Shang Dynasties. When he became king at the beginning of Zhou Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty disrespected the emperor of the dynasty and was destroyed by Zhou Gongdan, who was the regent at the time. His younger brother Shu Yu was granted the title of Tang Dynasty, and the descendants of the original monarch of Tang Dynasty were moved to Du, so they were renamed the Du family of Tang Dynasty. During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty, King Huan of Du State of Tang Dynasty served as a high official in the court and was known as Du Bo. Du Bo's free and easy style attracted the attention of King Zhou Xuan's favored concubine Nu Jiu, so he tried to seduce him. However, the upright Du Bo was unmoved. The angry Nu Jiu complained first and falsely accused Du Bo of bullying her, so King Zhou Xuan killed him. Duber. After Du Bo's death, most of his descendants fled to the Central Plains. The survivors who stayed in Ducheng took the country as their surname and called it Du. They respected Du Bo as the ancestor of the Du surname.
The origin of the surname Du There are three origins of the surname Du: (1) The surname comes from Qi
(2) The surname Jiang comes from the descendants of Shennong. According to legend, there was already a Du Kingdom in the Shang Dynasty. They were the descendants of the descendants of the Shennong family. The Du tree was regarded as a sacred tree, so it was called Du. The Du Kingdom was located in the northeast of Chang'an, Shaanxi today. At the end of the Shang Dynasty, the Zhou Kingdom rose, and the Du people submitted to the Zhou Dynasty. There is no information left in the history books about the descendants of the Du family with the surname Jiang, and it is possible that they were completely integrated into the Du family with the surname Qi.
(3) Surnames derived from foreign surnames and foreign ethnic groups
Du Bo. After Emperor Yao's descendant Liu Lei. In ancient times, Emperor Shun granted Yao's son Danzhu a title in the Tang Dynasty (today's Yicheng, Shanxi Province). Danzhu's descendants were all princes in the Xia and Shang Dynasties. When he became king at the beginning of Zhou Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty disrespected the emperor of the dynasty and was destroyed by Zhou Gongdan, who was the regent at the time. His younger brother Shu Yu was granted the title of Tang Dynasty, and the descendants of the original monarch of Tang Dynasty were moved to Du, so they were renamed the Du family of Tang Dynasty. During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty, King Huan of Du State of Tang Dynasty served as a high official in the court and was known as Du Bo. Du Bo's free and easy style attracted the attention of King Zhou Xuan's favored concubine Nu Jiu, so he tried to seduce him. However, the upright Du Bo was unmoved. The angry Nu Jiu complained first and falsely accused Du Bo of bullying her, so King Zhou Xuan killed him. Duber. After Du Bo's death, most of his descendants fled to the Central Plains. The survivors who stayed in Ducheng took the country as their surname and called it Du. They respected Du Bo as the ancestor of the Du surname.
The migration and distribution of the Du surname in history
In the pre-Qin period, the Du surname was mainly active in Shaanxi. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Du surname had spread to Henan, Shanxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Shandong and other places. In the Tang Dynasty, the Du surname was distributed in the north and south of the Yangtze River. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the Du surname began to enter Taiwan.
During the Song Dynasty, there were approximately 540,000 people with the surname Du, accounting for approximately 0.7% of the country's population. It was the 29th most popular surname in the Song Dynasty. The distribution in the country is mainly concentrated in Hebei, Sichuan, Shandong, and Zhejiang. These four provinces with Du surname account for about 64% of the total population of Du surname, followed by Henan and Shaanxi provinces. Hebei is the largest province with Du surname, and is home to 22.7% of the total population with Du surname. There are three major population gathering areas with the Du surname in the country: Jilu in the north, Sichuan in the west, and Zhejiang in the east.
During the Ming Dynasty, there were approximately 380,000 people with the surname Du, accounting for approximately 0.41% of the country's population. It was the 60th most common surname in the Ming Dynasty. The distribution in the country is mainly concentrated in Jiangxi, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu. The Du surname in these three provinces accounts for about 35% of the total population with the Du surname, followed by Shanxi, Sichuan, Hebei, and Shandong. The Du surname in these four provinces accounts for another 36%. . Jiangxi is the largest province with Du surname, accounting for about 13.5% of the total population with Du surname. There are three major population gathering areas with the Du surname in the country: Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Jiangsu in the east, Shanxi, Hebei and Shandong in the north, and Sichuan in the west. During the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the general distribution pattern of the Du surname changed little, but the flow of its population mainly moved from north to southeast.
The distribution and map of the contemporary Du surname
The contemporary Du surname has a population of nearly 5.2 million, making it the 47th surname in the country, accounting for approximately 0.41% of the national population. The distribution across the country is currently mainly concentrated in the four provinces of Hebei, Henan, Liaoning and Hubei, accounting for approximately 31.5% of the total population with the surname Du. Secondly, they are distributed in seven provinces and autonomous regions: Shandong, Sichuan, Guangxi, Shanxi, Anhui, Gansu, and Guangdong, accounting for approximately 34% of the total population with the surname Du. Hebei is home to 9.4% of the total population with Du surname, making it the largest province with Du surname. There are three major population gathering areas with the Du surname in Hebei, Henan, Shandong and Hubei, Sichuan and Gansu, and Liaoning. The schematic diagram of the distribution frequency of the Du surname among the population (see Figure 47) shows that: in Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin, Shaanxi and Shanxi, central Inner Mongolia, most of Liaoning, southern Jilin, northeastern Shandong, western Henan, northern Hubei and Chongqing, eastern Ningxia, central and eastern Gansu, and Xinjiang In Kashgar and southern Guangxi, the Du surname generally accounts for more than 0.66% of the local population, and it can reach more than 1.6% in the central area. The area covered by the above-mentioned areas accounts for about 22.8% of the total land area, and about 38% of the Du people live there. Surname crowd. In eastern Henan, most of Shandong, most of Hubei, northern Anhui and Jiangsu, northern Hunan, most of Sichuan and Chongqing, eastern Yunnan, western Guiwai I, central Guangxi, southeastern Guangdong, southern and western Gansu, eastern Ningxia, western Inner Mongolia and In the east, northern Heilongjiang, northern and central Jilin, northeastern Liaoning, and northwest Xinjiang, the distribution proportion of the local population in the Du surname ranges from 0.44% to 0.66%, and its coverage area accounts for about 25.7% of the total land area. About 36% of the people with the Sichuan and Du surnames.
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The origin of Du family in Hunan is the name of a tree, also known as Gantang, that is, Du Li. It belongs to a kind of Du Li branch that grew in the Chang'an area of ??Shaanxi Province in ancient times. It is a branch of the Shennong clan. The tree he is good at cultivating has become the clan's social tree, the sacred tree. This clan worshiped the Duli tree as the original totem of the clan. They took the name of the Du Ming clan and the place name of Du Mingju. After establishing the country, they called it Ducheng and eventually formed the Guohe surname. This should be the earliest origin of the Du surname.
The story of the origin of the Du surname 1. Origin of the surname
The surname Du (Dù) has three origins:
1. It comes from the surname Qi, with Yi as the surname. The history of how people with the surname Du got their surname is very glorious from the historical records. According to "Tongzhi? Clan Brief", it is said that the Du family was also the Du family in the Tang Dynasty, with the surname Qi. After Emperor Yao. It is said that one of the twenty-fifth sons of the emperor was named Qi. Yao's surname was Yi Qi. The Du family came from the Qi surname and was a descendant of Emperor Yao. In ancient times, people took the name of the fiefdom as Tao and Tang. Descendants of the Tao Tang family once founded the country in Liu. At that time, Kongjia, the sixth grandson of the Xia Hou family, was the king of Xia. He was good at treating ghosts and gods. Legend has it that two dragons, a male and a female, descended from the sky. Kong Jia didn't know how to raise them, so Liu Lei, a descendant of the Tao Tang family, learned how to disturb dragons from the Huanlong family. The Huanlong family raised dragons to serve Emperor Shun, so they were given the surname. Liu Lei was also given the surname Yulong because he was studying to disturb the dragon and served Kong Jia. By the Western Zhou Dynasty, Liu Lei's descendants established the Tang State and were known as the Tang Du family. Later, King Cheng of the Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Tang Kingdom, and granted his younger brother Yu the title of Tang Dynasty. He also moved the Tang monarch to Du, who was called Du Bo. During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty, the Du Kingdom was destroyed again, and Du Bo, a Zhou doctor, was also innocent and killed. Most of Du Bo's descendants went to other princes, and those who stayed in Ducheng took Du as their surname.
2. After the ancient Dukang. According to "Shiben", it is said that he is a descendant of Du Kang, the inventor of wine making during the Yellow Emperor's reign. According to legend, Du Kang lived in the Huangdi period and was good at making wine. If Du Kang is the ancestor of the Du surname, then this surname has a history of at least four to five thousand years.
3. Change of surname from another clan. For example, in the Northern Wei Dynasty, there were the Xianbei clan that replaced the Duguhun clan in the north, the Jurchen clan in the Jin Dynasty, the Tushan clan, the Manchu Dushan clan, the Tuktan clan, the Oroqen clan Duningken clan, the Yugu clan Duman clan, the Daur clan Degong clan, and the Dalidel clan. Others changed their surname to Du, and other ethnic groups such as Manchu, Mongolian, Tujia, Jing, Hui, Russian, Zhuang, Tibetan, and Korean had this surname.
The ancestor of the surname: Du Bo. After Emperor Yao's descendant Liu Lei. In ancient times, Emperor Shun granted Yao's son Danzhu a title in the Tang Dynasty (today's Yicheng, Shanxi Province). Danzhu's descendants were all princes in the Xia and Shang Dynasties. When he became king at the beginning of Zhou Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty disrespected the emperor of the dynasty and was destroyed by Zhou Gongdan, who was the regent at the time. His younger brother Shu Yu was granted the title of Tang Dynasty, and the descendants of the original monarch of Tang Dynasty were moved to Du, so they were renamed the Du family of Tang Dynasty. During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty, King Huan of Du State of Tang Dynasty served as a high official in the court and was known as Du Bo. Du Bo's free and easy style attracted the attention of King Zhou Xuan's favored concubine Nu Jiu, so he tried to seduce him. However, the upright Du Bo was unmoved. The angry Nu Jiu complained first and falsely accused Du Bo of bullying her, so King Zhou Xuan killed him. Duber. After Du Bo's death, most of his descendants fled to the Central Plains. The survivors who stayed in Ducheng took the country as their surname and called it Du. They respected Du Bo as the ancestor of the Du surname.
2. Migration distribution
The Du surname was born in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, people with the Du surname had already migrated to Chu, Lu and other countries. "New Book of Tang" says: "There was Du Xie in Lu. He escaped from Ji Pingzi's troubles and ran to Chu, where he gave birth to Chuo, a great official. Chuo gave birth to Duan, and Duan gave birth to He." Du He was a general of Qin, and he lived in Yanyi, Nanyang. At that time, he was called Du Yan. Du Bing, the youngest son of He, was appointed as the prefect of Shangdang (now Changzhi, Shanxi Province); Bing's son Du Zha was appointed as the prefect of Nanyang; Zha's son Du Zhou was appointed as the censor. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he was forced by the imperial court to move to Maoling (today's Shaanxi Province) as a wealthy and distinguished family. Province Xingping Northeast), later formed the largest Wangjun in the history of Du surname - Jingzhao County. The surname Jingzhao Du comes from Du Wen and Du Yao, the 20th grandson of Du Yannian, Marquis of Jianping of the Han Dynasty. In the following hundreds of years, the Du surname formed many branches: the Du surname in Xiangyang came from Du Yin, the youngest son of Dangyang Hou Du Yu and the prefect of Jin Hongnong; the Du surname in Huanshui (today's Anyang area of ??Henan Province) came from Dai Hou The youngest son is Du Kuan; the surname of Du in Puyang comes from Du Wei, the son of Du He, who lived in Puyang for a long time and is the descendant of Du Mo. He was the prefect of Puyang in the later Wei Dynasty because of his family Yan. In short, the Du surname mainly multiplied in today's Shaanxi from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty. Its spread process ranged from Shaanxi to Shandong, then to Henan, and finally returned to Shaanxi. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Central Plains was in chaos and war smoke was everywhere. To avoid the war, the Du family moved southward in large numbers. They successively multiplied into large families in Xiangyang and Xiangfan in Hubei, Mianzhu and Chengdu in Sichuan, and Qiantang in Zhejiang.
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Du Rang Neng was appointed as the governor of Shannan. In the event of war, he took refuge in Shanyin, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province). Sun Du Ren, a descendant of Rang Neng, moved to Maluan Township, Renli, Tong'an, Fujian Province to avoid the chaos of the Yuan Dynasty. He was named Maluan Du. Ancestor. In the early Ming Dynasty, the Du surname was one of the surnames of the immigrants from the Hongdong Sophora japonica tree, and was moved to Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Du surname had spread all over the country and spread overseas. There are descendants of the Du surname in Southeast Asia, Europe and the United States. The Du surname is the 53rd most common surname in China today. It has a large population, accounting for about 0.4% of the country's Han population.
3. Historical Celebrities
Du Cao: A native of Duling, Jingzhao (now southeast of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province), he was a calligrapher and painter of the Han Dynasty. He was the prime minister during the reign of Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty and was famous for his good Zhangcao. Together with Cui Yuan, he is called "Cui Du".
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Investigation and data collection of the research report on the surname Du 1. Posing the question: Today I studied a research report on the surname Li. The teacher gave me an assignment to write a research report on my own surname. I followed the format in the book and wrote the first three contents. two. Investigation method: 1. Check out books about the Du surname and browse online to learn about the origin and celebrities of the Du surname. 2. Look up the stories of people named Du. 3. Get to know each other through relatives. three. Information channels Aspects involved Specific content Internet access The origin of the surname Du comes from the surname Qi, who was the descendant of Emperor Yao after his grandson Liu Lei. He took the country as his surname and was the ancestor Du Bo. Books, newspapers and magazines online Population distribution of the surname Du The surname Du is the 53rd most common surname in China today. It has a large population, accounting for about 0.4% of the country's Han population. Four. Conclusion 1. The surname Du is said to come from the surname Qi, with Yi as the surname. The history of the Du surname is very glorious from historical records. According to "Tongzhi? Clan Brief" it is said: The Du family is also called the Du family of Tang Dynasty, with the surname Qi. After Emperor Yao. It is said that one of the twenty-fifth sons of the emperor was named Qi. Yao's surname was Yi Qi. The Du family came from the surname Qi and was a descendant of Emperor Yao. In ancient times, people took the name of the fiefdom as Tao and Tang. Descendants of the Tao Tang family once founded the country in Liu. At that time, Kongjia, the sixth grandson of the Xia Hou family, was the king of Xia. He was good at treating ghosts and gods. Legend has it that two dragons, a male and a female, descended from the sky. Kong Jia didn't know how to raise them, so Liu Lei, a descendant of the Tao Tang family, learned how to disturb dragons from the Huanlong family. The Huanlong family raised dragons to serve Emperor Shun, so they were given the surname. Liu Lei was also given the surname Yulong because he was studying to disturb the dragon and served Kong Jia. By the Western Zhou Dynasty, Liu Lei's descendants established the Tang State and were known as the Tang Du family. Later, King Cheng of the Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Tang State, granted his younger brother Yu the title of Tang Dynasty, and moved the Tang monarch to Du, who was called Du Bo. During the reign of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty, the Du Kingdom was destroyed again, and Du Bo, a Zhou doctor, was also innocent and killed. Most of Du Bo's descendants went to other princes, and those who stayed in Ducheng took Du as their surname. Du Fu, Du Mu, Du Kang, Du Yuming, Du Guangting and Du Qifeng in history
To rank the generational order of the Du surname, you must first find the four generations of ancestors. Which generation of the Du family belongs to them? There are many people all over the country. , maybe the generations are different. But the generation is the same.