Original text:

When I was a child, I was physically weak and could not play with the wild children. My mother also didn’t allow me to run around with them. I never developed the habit of lively games when I was young. No matter where I was, I was always formal. Therefore, the elders in my hometown said that I "look like a gentleman" and called me "Mr. Zhu".

After this nickname came out, everyone knew that Mr. San's youngest son was called Mr. Ji. Since he was called "Mr.", I had to pretend to be "Mr.", let alone follow the naughty boys. "Wild". One day, I was "throwing copper coins" with a group of children at the Bazi gate of my house. An older man walked by, saw me, and said with a smile: "Mr. Zhu, do you also throw copper coins?" I blushed with shame and felt so embarrassed. Lost the identity of "sir"!

The adults encouraged me to pretend to be a gentleman, but I didn’t have the ability or habit to play. And because I really liked reading, I had never enjoyed children’s games in my life. Every autumn, my great-grandmother and I go to the fields to "supervise the harvesting" (the best fields have no worries about floods and droughts, and the harvests are the best. The tenants always invite the landowner to supervise the harvesting, and the millet is harvested, and the two families share it equally). I always sit under a small tree and read novels.

When I was eleven or twelve years old, I was a little more lively, and I actually organized a drama class with a group of classmates. We made some wooden knives and bamboo guns, borrowed some fake beards, and performed in the fields at the entrance of the village. I usually do literary roles like Zhuge Liang and Liu Bei; only once did I do Shi Wengong, and I was shot down from the chair by Hua Rong with an arrow. This was my most lively thing.

In these nine years (1895-1904), I only learned two things: reading and writing. In terms of writing and thinking (reading articles), I can’t say that I have gained a little foundation. But there are no opportunities for development in other aspects.

On one occasion, our village "dangpeng" (the five villages in Badufan are called "wupeng", and every year one village takes turns to hold a prince's meeting, called "dangpeng"), preparing for the prince's meeting. Someone suggested that I be sent to join the Kunqiang troupe in Qiancun to learn to play the sheng or flute. The elders in the clan objected, saying that I was too young to follow the prince around Wupeng. So I lost this only opportunity to learn music.

In the past thirty years, I have never held a musical instrument and I know nothing about music. I still don’t know whether I have any talent for learning music. It is even more impossible to aspire to learn painting. I often use bamboo paper to cover the lithographs in novels and imitate the heroes and beauties in the books. One day, my husband saw me and was scolded. All the pictures in the drawer were found and torn up. So I lost the opportunity to learn to be a painter.

These nine years of life, apart from reading, have given me some training in life. At this point, my mentor is my loving mother.

Every day at dawn, my mother would wake me up and tell me to put on my clothes and sit up. I never knew how long she sat awake. When she saw that I was awake, she told me what I had done or said wrong yesterday and asked me to admit my mistakes and study hard.

Sometimes she tells me about my father’s many benefits. She says: “You must always follow in the footsteps of your father. I have only known this perfect person in my life. You must learn from him and don’t fall short of him.” "Ass." (To fall is to lose face and make a fool of yourself.) When she talks about her sadness, she often sheds tears. At dawn, she put on my clothes and urged me to go to morning school.

The key to the school door was placed at my husband’s house; I first looked at the door of the school, then ran to my husband’s house and knocked on the door. Someone at my husband's house handed the key through the crack in the door. I took it and ran back, opened the door, and sat down to read some books. Out of ten days, eight or nine days I was always the first to go to the school. When my husband arrived, I memorized the birth certificate and then went home to have breakfast.

My mother has the strictest control over me. She is a loving mother and a strict father. But she never scolded me or hit me in front of others. I did something wrong and she only looked at me. When I saw her stern eyes, I was frightened.

It was a small crime, but she waited until I woke up the next morning to teach me a lesson. The crime was serious, so she waited until night when everyone was quiet, closed the door, scolded me first, and then punished me, either by making me kneel down or twisting my flesh. No matter how severe the punishment was, I was never allowed to cry. She didn't teach her son a lesson just to vent her anger so that others would listen.

One early autumn evening, I had dinner and played at the door, wearing only a single vest. At this time, my mother's sister, Aunt Yuying, was staying at my house. She was afraid that I would be cold, so she brought out a small shirt and asked me to put it on.

I refused to wear it, and she said: "Put it on, it's cold." I replied casually: "Mother (cold), what! I'm so stupid."

I just said this , I looked up and saw my mother walking out of the house. I quickly put on my little shirt. But she had heard the frivolous remark. After everyone was quiet at night, she punished me by kneeling down and gave me a severe punishment. She said, "How proud you are of losing me! It's easy to talk to!" She was so angry that she sat and trembled, and she wouldn't let me go to bed.

I knelt down and cried, wiping my tears with my hands. I didn’t know what kind of bacteria had been rubbed into my eyes, which later caused me to suffer from nebula for more than a year. Doctors come and go, but the general doctor is not good. My mother felt regretful and anxious. She heard that nebula could be licked away with her tongue. She woke me up one night and actually licked my sick eye with her tongue. This is my strict teacher and my loving mother.

My mother became a widow at the age of 23 and the stepmother of the family. My stupid pen cannot describe the pain of this kind of life. The family is not financially well-off, so it depends entirely on the second brother's management in Shanghai. The eldest brother has been a prodigal since he was a child. He smokes opium and gambles. When he gets the money, he will go home and make plans. When he sees the incense burner, he will sell it, and when he finds the tin teapot, he will take it out to keep.

My mother invited the elders of the family to come several times and set the monthly fee for him. But he never had enough, and he owed cigarette and gambling debts everywhere. Every New Year's Eve there is always a large group of debt collectors in my house, each with a lantern, sitting in the hall and refusing to go. The eldest brother had already escaped. The two rows of chairs in the hall were filled with lanterns and creditors.

My mother walked in and out, preparing New Year’s Eve dinner, thanking the Kitchen God, giving New Year’s money, etc., just pretending that she had never seen this group of people. At nearly midnight, when the door was about to be "closed," my mother went out through the back door and asked a neighbor to come to my house and give each debtor a little money. The group of debt collectors walked out one by one carrying lanterns.

After a while, the elder brother knocked on the door and came back. My mother never scolded him. And because it was New Year, she never showed any anger on her face. I have celebrated this kind of New Year six or seven times.

The eldest sister-in-law is the most incompetent and ignorant person, and the second sister-in-law is a very capable but narrow-minded person. They often had disagreements, but because of my mother's kind example, they never openly fought or scolded each other. When they are angry, they just don't speak or answer, and put their faces down, which makes people look ugly. When the second sister-in-law is angry, her face turns blue and she is even more afraid of people.

The same thing happened when they were angry with my mother. I didn't understand this at all at first, but gradually I learned how to read people's faces. I gradually understood that the most disgusting thing in the world is an angry face; the most obscene thing in the world is showing an angry face to others. This is worse than being beaten or scolded.

My mother is generous and good-natured, and because she is a stepmother, she pays more attention to everything and is extremely tolerant of everything. My eldest brother’s daughter is only one year younger than me, and her diet and clothing materials are always the same as mine. She and I had small disputes, and I always got the short end of the stick. My mother always blamed me and asked me to let her do everything.

Later, the eldest sister-in-law and the second sister-in-law gave birth to sons. When they were angry, they would beat and scold their children to vent their anger. While beating, they would use harsh and thorny words to others. My mother just pretended not to hear. Sometimes, she couldn't bear it anymore, so she quietly walked out, or went to the left neighbor's sister-in-law's house to sit for a while, or went through the back door to the back neighbor's sister-in-law's house to chat. She never quarreled with her two sisters-in-law.

When every sister-in-law is angry, she often goes out for ten days and a half without rest, walking in and out every day, with a straight face, biting her mouth, beating and scolding the children to vent her anger. My mother just endured it. Human nature means that when the day comes when she can no longer endure it, she also has her own methods. At dawn that day, she didn't get up and cried softly.

She didn’t scold anyone, she just cried about her husband and her own miserable life, unable to keep her husband to take care of her. When she just cried. The voice was very low, and she gradually started to cry. I woke up and tried to persuade her, but she refused to stay. At this time, I always hear a door opening in the front hall (the second sister-in-law lives in the east room of the front hall) or the back hall (the elder sister-in-law lives in the west room of the back hall), and a sister-in-law walks out of the room and walks towards the kitchen.

After a while, the sister-in-law knocked on our door. I opened the door and she walked in, holding a bowl of hot tea. My mother slowly stopped crying and reached out to take the tea bowl.

The sister-in-law stood there for a while to persuade her, and then left. Not a word was mentioned about anyone, and not a word was mentioned about the anger she had been feeling for the past ten days and a half. However, everyone understood in their hearts that The sister-in-law who comes in to make tea is always the one who has been angry for ten days and a half. It is very strange that after crying, there will be at least a month or two of peace and quiet.

My mother was the kindest and gentlest to others, and she never said a word that hurt anyone's feelings. But sometimes she is very strong-willed and does not tolerate any personal insult. My fifth uncle was a wanderer with no real job. One day he complained in the opium den, saying that my mother always asked someone for help when something happened at home, and she probably always got some benefit for her.

This sentence reached my mother’s ears. She burst into tears and invited several family members to come over. She called Uncle Wu and asked him face to face what benefit she had given someone. She didn't give up until her fifth uncle admitted his mistake and apologized in public.

I spent my teenage years under the guidance of my mother and was greatly influenced by her. I left her when I was 14 years old (actually only 12 years and two or three months old).

I have been alone in this vast sea of ????people for more than 20 years, and no one has controlled me. If I can learn a little bit of good temper, if I can learn a little bit of kindness in dealing with others, if I can forgive people and be considerate - I have to thank my loving mother. Extended information

Creative background:

This article was written in 1930 and is a recollection of the author's life experience in middle age. Hu Shi's mother, Feng Shundi, was the traditional "mother image" of the old society. She was widowed at the age of 23 and remained widowed for 23 years. After suffering all the pain and suffering in life, she died at the age of 46. Feng Shundi would rather suffer embarrassment himself and ask Hu Shi to study. She always considers her son and is an enlightened mother who pays attention to intellectual investment.

In November 1918, he passed away after enduring the hardships of being a widow. Hu Shi lost his father when he was young, and his mother supported the whole family with her thin body. At home, the mother plays the role of both a loving mother and a strict father - not only to pour maternal love into her children so that they can feel the warmth of home, but also to strictly control her children so that they can learn how to behave. All this left the first and deepest memories in Hu Shi's young mind.

The works of Hu Shi, a famous modern scholar and writer. "My Mother" is an autobiographical essay. Through specific examples, the author recalls his mother's education, care for him and the process of living in harmony with his family, showing his mother's love for him and his kindness, tolerance and firmness. The character of Qi expresses the author's gratitude and nostalgia for his mother.

This article has no fancy words or gorgeous metaphors. The language is concise and smooth, and it is easy to lift, showing the beauty and charm of vernacular writing. ?

Hu Shi’s mother was strict but lenient in educating Hu Shi, and she was tolerant but not indulgent. This method not only protects the child's self-esteem, but also allows Hu Shi to have a sense of right and wrong and learn to take responsibility. If you make a mistake, you must bear the consequences yourself.

Hu Shi's mother did not directly instill much knowledge into Hu Shi, but she valued morality and set an example, and used more scientific methods to always encourage her son to study with all his heart and spur him to achieve success in his studies. This article has been revised and included in Chinese middle school Chinese texts.

Hu Shi's mother disciplined him very strictly, but she "never scolded or hit Hu Shi in front of others" to protect her child's self-esteem. This is both commendable and important. My mother's protection of Hu Shi's personal dignity enabled him to walk with his head upright and become the leader of the New Culture Movement. His mother never let go of any of Hu Shi's mistakes. When Hu Shi said something frivolous, after everyone was quiet at night, Hu Shi's mother made him kneel down and punished him severely.

“She was so angry that she sat and trembled, and she didn’t allow me to go to bed.” Such little bits of tempering will undoubtedly form a good self-discipline in the development of children’s behavioral habits, words and deeds. Mother has a tolerant, forbearing, gentle, and kind side when dealing with family members in a large family, but she also has a rigid, stubborn side that never gives in on issues of principle.

My mother will never tolerate anything that harms human dignity. Mother is the first teacher in life. Through her example and example, her mother's subtle education and influence on Hu Shi made Hu Shi understand what he should and can do, and what he shouldn't and can't do.

Children build a growth model from the words and deeds of their parents. Such "teaching by example" is more influential than any high-standard preaching. Hu Shi gradually understood the principles of doing things and the principles of life through his mother's reminders, supervision, care, and punishments. He cultivated his own character through his mother's management of life and practice.

Some people say that mother is a school. Mother uses her pure heart and correct example to teach and demonstrate the principles of life, nourishing the child's soul, influencing the child's morality, and benefiting the child's life. Life.

There is a secret to writing in this article. If you explore further, you will find that when writing about the influence of his mother on Hu Shi, the author expresses it through specific and sensible things or situations. These are details.

Hu Shi soaked his truest emotions into simple details, such as: "Every day at dawn, my mother wakes me up and tells me to put on my clothes and sit up. I never knew that she "How long have I been sitting since I woke up?" "My mother became a widow at the age of 23 and a stepmother. My stupid pen cannot describe the pain of this life."

If you think about it from another perspective, the author does not narrate in such detail, but mentions everything briefly, and uses equal parts of the text and ink to describe everything, without using specific things or details to describe it, and the effect of his expression is just that. You know it.

People are different, and of course the things they are in will be different, and everyone’s life experience is the source of their own writing. The material for an article with true feelings comes from their own life, and feelings are the source of their own writing. You can't make it up. Only by being familiar with it can we write truly and touchingly. Only by being familiar with it can we have a deep understanding of it and discover its value and significance.

Character background:

Hu Shi (December 17, 1891 - February 24, 1962), male, formerly known as Siji, also known as Xijiang, and his scientific name was Hong Wei. Later, the name was changed to Shi, and the courtesy name was Shizhi. Thinker, writer, philosopher. A native of Jixi, Huizhou, he is famous for advocating "vernacular Chinese" and leading the New Culture Movement.

Educated in a private school in his hometown when he was young. At the age of 19, he was admitted to the Boxer Indemnity Official Scholarship. He studied in the United States and studied under the philosopher John Dewey. He returned to China in the summer of 1917 and was employed as a professor at Peking University. In 1918, he joined the editorial board of "New Youth" and vigorously advocated vernacular writing, promoting individual liberation and freedom of thought. Together with Chen Duxiu, he was a leader of the New Culture Movement.

The article explains the difference between old and new literature from the perspective of creative theory, advocates new literary creation, translates some works of French Daudet, Maupassant, and Norwegian Ibsen, and takes the lead in the creation of vernacular literature. The vernacular poems published in 1917 were the first new poems in the history of modern literature.

After the "May 4th Movement", he parted ways with Li Dazhao, Chen Duxiu and other intellectuals who accepted Marxism. Starting from the "dispute between issues and doctrines", he advocated reform and changed his "20 years of non-conformity". Talking about politics; not doing politics for 20 years” attitude. He founded the "Jiujiang Weekly" in the 1920s, the "Independent Review" in the 1930s, and the "Independent Times" in the 1940s.

Served as the Ambassador of the Republic of China to the United States from 1938 to 1942. Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1939. From 1946 to 1948, he served as president of Peking University. Went to the United States in 1949. He returned to Taiwan in 1952 and became president of Academia Sinica in 1957. Died of illness in Taipei in 1962.

Hu Shi’s academic activities throughout his life were mainly in the fields of literature, philosophy, history, textual criticism, education, and red studies. His main works include "Outline of the History of Chinese Philosophy" (Part 1), "Collection of Attempts", " "History of Vernacular Literature" (Part 1) and "Hu Shi's Wen Cun" (four volumes), etc. His most influential academic influence was his advocacy of a scholarly approach of "boldly assuming and careful verification."

Hu Shi’s philosophical thought does not lie in the academic views proposed by Hu Shi itself, but in his pioneering work in the history of thought and his far-reaching influence. The first person who truly brought traditional Chinese philosophy into the modernization process was Hu Shi.

It was the "Outline of the History of Chinese Philosophy" (Volume 1) published by Hu Shi in February 1919 that for the first time broke through the original conceptual standards and norms of Chinese traditional history and intellectual history for thousands of years. and general principles, becoming a paradigm change.

This change indeed played a model and pioneering role. It not only had an unprecedented impact on the academic world at that time, but also influenced a group of scholars such as Liang Qichao, Gu Jiegang, Guo Moruo, etc. After more than eighty years of ups and downs, and even today, it is still recognized by people.