Human beings have a wealth of emotions and emotions. In addition to joy, anger, worry, thoughts, sadness, fear, and surprise, there are also peace, relaxation, joy, like, admiration, adoration, jealousy, hostility, and loneliness. , emptiness, longing, attachment and other emotions, and there are extremely subtle, delicate and complex emotional changes due to changes in external circumstances. For example, in daily life, when people see beautiful things and are favored by the people they like, they will naturally feel happy; and when their self-development is blocked, hit, criticized, insulted, etc., they will naturally feel depressed, angry and angry. mood. Scientists divide emotions into positive emotions and negative emotions. Objective things that meet and satisfy certain human needs, manifested as pleasure, joy, satisfaction, happiness, etc., are called positive emotions; individual needs are hindered and cannot be satisfied. Negative emotions manifested as frustration, disappointment, sadness, depression, anxiety and anger are called negative emotions.
Different emotional states can cause people to have different physical and mental states. Under the influence of appropriate positive emotions, the body's neuro-endocrine-immune system, cardiovascular, digestive system and other functions can be maintained in good condition, which is beneficial to health. Long-term negative emotions such as depression and anxiety can cause fatigue and weakness, inefficiency in work and study, and loss of interest in life and work. In severe cases, it can cause symptoms such as sleep disorders, pain, digestive disorders, and even lead to psychological or physical diseases.
Among the many forms of artistic expression, no art can accurately and meticulously describe the subtle changes in human emotional activities like music, and can directly, quickly and sensitively affect people's emotional activities. . This is because when humans perceive changes in music sound, they will involuntarily and directly produce corresponding emotional responses to the music. For example, people will feel sad from the music of "Er Fountain Reflects the Moon", and will experience tension, shock and threat from the first few bars of Beethoven's "Symphony of Destiny", while Mozart's sweet music can make people feel calm. and pleasant emotional experiences.
Human emotional activities are closely related to brain function. In the task of judging the positive and negative emotional components of music, the right hemisphere plays a leading role. Foreign scholars have used brain cognitive imaging technology to conduct feature analysis and research on the cognitive activities of human music perception brains. The results show that the brain functional areas for music and language are separated; the left brain plays a role in music time sequence, rhythm discrimination, etc., while the right brain plays a priority and leading role in the processing of pitch, melody, and harmony perception; There are mutual synergistic effects between the two hemispheres of the brain and between the brain regions within the hemispheres.
In addition, when subjects listened to music that produced pleasant emotions, the frontal lobe of the left side of the brain was activated, while fearful and sad music showed activation of the frontal lobe of the right side of the brain. Parts whose activation levels were related to emotional intensity also included the parahippocampal gyrus and frontal lobe. When music causes subjects to experience peak pleasure, the ventral striatum, midbrain, amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex and ventral medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) are activated. These parts can affect the hypothalamus, which controls the body's endocrine and internal organ activities. Through the regulation of neurohumoral fluids, the body is promoted to secrete relevant hormones, enzymes and neurotransmitters, thereby exerting their biological effects.
Available methods
With the continuous development of science and technology, music therapy started from using psychological theories and methods to carry out music psychology and behavioral therapy, and gradually introduced modern scientific and technological methods. , using multi-disciplinary theories and methods such as music, acoustics, physics, biology, psychology, modern medicine and traditional medicine to create different types and diversified music therapy methods. At the same time, the combination of traditional music and traditional medicine in various countries has also formed unique music therapy methods and techniques.
Music therapy methods are generally divided into listening methods, active methods, characteristic music therapy methods and other techniques. The listening method is also called "receptive music therapy", which is to adjust the patient's body and mind by listening to specific music to achieve the purpose of treatment. Due to different cultural traditions and the development of music therapy, different countries have developed different listening techniques, such as transcendental meditation, music prescription, music meditation, music imagination, listening discussion method, active listening method, famous music emotion transformation method, etc.
Among them, the music prescription method may be a form that many people are familiar with. Doctors choose different music for patients to listen to according to different situations. For example, for anti-depression, they can choose "Spring is Coming" and "Joyful". For lowering blood pressure, choose "Good Night" and "Autumn Moon in Han Palace", and for hypnosis, choose "Er Quan Ying Yue", "Candle Shadow Shakes Red", etc. The treatment usually adopts group listening, once a day, 1 hour each time, and 30 days is a course of treatment.
The patient's blood pressure, electrocardiogram, white blood cells, immunoglobulins and other physiological indicators need to be measured before and after treatment to compare the treatment effect. Music meditation is very popular in Japan. Meditation refers to deep thinking and imagination. Music meditation is based on the function of music, selecting different pieces of music to compile specific music bands for listening and meditation.
Music is used in various aspects of people's daily life and emotional regulation, such as "morning music", "hypnotic music", "anxiety music", "sad music", "gastrointestinal discomfort" Music" etc. The music compiled mainly uses Western European classical music or specially composed music. Implementing music meditation requires certain procedures, such as "entering meditation" and "exiting meditation", as well as prescribed postures when listening.
Musical imagination, referred to as GM therapy, is a therapy that has gained greater development in the United States. During the implementation, the therapist induces the patient to enter a relaxed state and allows the patient to imagine under the background of specially prepared music. Visual images will appear in the imagination. These images have symbolic meaning and are often related to the contradictions in the patient's subconscious. During the process of listening to music, the therapist guides the patient to talk about the imagination and discusses the meaning of the imagination content with the patient after the music ends. This therapy also has a complete set of techniques called "Guided Imagination and Music."
One of the principles followed in music therapy is that music should be synchronized with emotions. For example, when a person is in a strong mood of grief, he cannot immediately choose cheerful music to listen to. Instead, he should listen to music such as "Symphony of Pathetic" or folk music "River Water" to vent his grief and guide the patient to vent to his heart's content. The sadness can be resolved. After the patient gradually feels relaxed, he can then listen to calm and soothing music. After a period of adjustment and a change in mood, he can gradually listen to lighter music. The music that all patients listen to during treatment needs to be carefully arranged by an experienced therapist.
Active method is also called "participatory music therapy". During the treatment process, patients improve their behavior by directly participating in music activities. Such as music and rhythm practice, playing musical instruments, drumming, flute playing, singing, etc.
Special music therapy is mainly music therapy that combines traditional music from various countries with traditional medicine and physical methods, such as music and electrotherapy.
Music electrotherapy, music and acupuncture Music electroacupuncture therapy, music chromotherapy that combines music with five colors, somatosensory vibration music therapy that combines music with acoustics. Other techniques include sonic regeneration techniques, vocal exercises, drumming therapy, and more.
Somatosensory music therapy
Somatosensory music therapy uses auditory and tactile (vibration) reception and transmission to allow the human body to perceive music to achieve the purpose of healing the body and mind. It consists of three aspects: somatosensory music, treatment plans and somatosensory audio equipment. It can also be considered to be composed of two aspects: hardware equipment and software technology (music and treatment plans). Somatosensory audio equipment mainly consists of sound source-frequency division-amplification device, speakers or headphones, and peripheral equipment with additional transducers, such as beds, mats, tables, chairs, sofas, etc. Its function is to enable people to listen to music while their bodies can also Feel the music sound wave vibrations. Somatosensory music is a type of specially produced therapeutic music that is rich in low frequency and mainly composed of sine waves.
Under normal circumstances, the human body cannot feel the sound wave vibrations conducted by air but can feel the sound wave vibrations transmitted by liquids and solids. This vibration can be uploaded to the brain through the human skeleton-auditory organ-auditory nerve or tactile receptor (vibration sensing)-sensory nerve conduction pathway, allowing people to perceive sound. Test results show that strong vibration at a single frequency can cause adverse reactions in the human body, such as vasoconstriction, damage to the nervous system and other vibration diseases.
Somatosensory vibration music sound waves are regular and periodic musical sound waves formed by the superposition of sine waves of different frequencies and different sound pressures. The low-frequency vibration generated by this kind of musical sound wave is harmonious, non-single frequency, mainly sine wave, changes with the change of music melody and rhythm, and the intensity is controlled below 50 decibels. At the same time, the vibration intensity and duration can also be adjusted according to the patient's feelings during treatment. Nearly 20 years of basic and clinical research abroad have shown that somatosensory music vibration has no adverse effects on the human body. The therapeutic purposes are different, and the somatosensory music pieces also differ in terms of melody, frequency, rhythm, etc. The treatment plan is determined on the basis of clinical research. The content includes assessing the physical and mental status and musical literacy of the treatment object, determining the treatment plan, selecting somatosensory music, determining the volume, vibration intensity, treatment time and course, etc.
The biological effects of somatosensory music therapy are as follows: striated muscle relaxation, increased gastrointestinal motility, increased skin temperature, decreased blood pressure, slowed pulse rate; accelerated blood flow, significant improvement in microcirculation, and balanced body heat radiation; the main psychological effects are It adjusts mood, can make people calm, relaxed, happy and induce sleep. Clinical studies have confirmed that somatosensory music therapy can significantly improve fatigue, sleep disorders, pain and digestive tract symptoms in people with sub-health conditions. Abroad, it is mostly used in the clinical treatment of various types of pain, motor language and cognitive disorders caused by brain injury, depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, functional hypertension, gastrointestinal dysfunction, etc. It is also used to prevent bedsores and constipation. , hospice care and stress management. However, it cannot be used in patients with acute inflammation, pregnancy, thrombosis, active bleeding, hypotension, pacemaker or stent placement, and severe mental illness.
Today, the development of music therapy has given music another kind of charm. The meaning it contains may be enough to give modern people who are busy competing all day long, exhausted and anxious, a complete rest and stay away from fierce competition and tension. The rhythm of life; making people suffering from diseases feel hope and happiness; making people with physical and mental disabilities get spiritual relief. Of course, healthy people may also wish to listen to more famous music in their lives to cultivate their temperament, or go to nature in their spare time to listen to those natural sounds such as the intermittent clicks of woodpeckers pecking wood, the rumble of thunder, and the wind blowing through the wheat. Listen to the sound of the ground, the cooing of pigeons, etc. to feel the beauty of nature and the tranquility of life, so that your body and mind can relax.