Is a historical figure.

The "Book of Han·Biography of King Chu Yuan" records that Liu Jiao, the younger brother of Liu Bang, the founder of the Han Dynasty, was granted the title of King of Chu. He appointed Mu Sheng, Bai Sheng, and Shen Gong as the middle officials, and treated him with great respect and courtesy. Musheng didn't like drinking, so when Liu Jiao held a banquet, he specially prepared "sweet wine" (rice juice liqueur with low alcohol content) for him. Later Liu Jiao's grandson Liu Wu became king. One day he forgot to prepare a sweet wine for Musheng. Musheng withdrew and said, "It's time for me to go." The absence of wine means that the prince has begun to neglect, and if he does not leave, he will be punished and suffer disaster. After Musheng resigned due to illness, Liu Wu became more and more promiscuous. Bai Sheng and Shen Gong's remonstrances were ineffective, and instead they were punished with hard labor, which truly fulfilled Musheng's prophecy. The sentence "temporarily forgotten" chants this matter.

Reference materials:

Era: Song Dynasty

Author: Xin Qiji - "The Highest Building"

Contents

I was about to beg and return home, but the dog refused to stop me with the property, so I gave him this scolding. I am in decline, when will I be rich?

Wealth is a crisis.

I forgot to leave for the moment and left my official post without getting any rice.

Mr. Mu, the magistrate of Tao County, is my teacher.

The garden to be built was named "Yi Lao", and a pavilion was named "Yi Hao", where he could drink wine and recite poems drunkenly.

If a millennium of land is exchanged for 800 owners, how many keys will one person insert?

Let’s just talk about right and wrong!

Appreciation:

Ci is originally a purely musical and literary artwork, but in the process of development, its practical functions have been continuously expanded, and many works have also become practical texts. Especially in the Southern Song Dynasty, she has entered into almost every aspect of people's social interactions. She can be used to fall in love, make friends, be filial to parents, contact relatives, and even support people's birthdays and send them off. Congratulations on a wedding, congratulations on a child, flattering a rich man, flattering your boss...it's really all kinds of things and can do anything. However, this is the first time we have seen writing lyrics to discipline our son. If we were to compile a "Best Song Poetry" book, should this poem be considered a "record"?

This poem was written around the fifth year of Shaoxi reign of Emperor Guangzong (1194), when the poet was fifty-five years old and served as the governor of Fuzhou and the pacification envoy of Fujian (according to Mr. Liang Qichao and Deng Guangming). According to the poem and the preface, it can be seen that the poet planned to resign due to frustration in the officialdom, but the ignorant "dog" strongly opposed it. The old man is so miserable, why should we ask our brothers to drink from the northwest wind?) So the poet wrote this poem to criticize him.

Since the sufficient reason for "Quinzi" to dissuade himself is that the official position is not big enough, the salary level is not high enough, in a word, it is not "rich" enough. Therefore, the poet first seizes on the word "rich" Use two words to make an article, open the window and speak openly, and say: I am old and can’t do anything anymore. When will I wait to be "rich"? Next, use a concessionary tone, using retreat as an opportunity to advance: So what if we can survive until the day of "richness"? Is "wealth" desirable? Climb high and fall hard, it’s very dangerous!

The three sentences in Shangyu seem to be composed randomly, but in fact, every word has its origin. "I am declining" comes from "The Analects of Confucius". "Shu Er": "Confucius (Confucius) said: "It's so bad that I am declining. ""When should we be rich and noble?" comes from "Book of Han. Biography of Yang Yun" Yang Yun reported to Sun Huizong: "When a person lives happily, when should he be rich and noble? "Wealth is a crisis" can be found in "Book of Jin. Biography of Zhuge Changmin". At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the chief civilian officer went to the military governor of the six counties of Yangzhou in Yuzhou, the governor of Yuzhou, and led the governor of Huainan. He won the powerful faction, Taiwei Liu Yu He was greedy and extravagant, he collected treasures and beautiful women, and built mansions. However, his wealth did not bring him much happiness. On the contrary, he could not even sleep because he was constantly worried about being killed. He was so unsettled that he had nightmares for more than ten nights in January, and felt like he was fighting with someone. He once sighed and said: "Poverty often misses wealth, and wealth will inevitably lead to crisis." "Later, he was indeed killed by Liu Yu. The poet used his words, which shows that he was deeply touched by such historical lessons. So, what is the best strategy to avoid harming the whole body? The only way is to retreat bravely, resign in time and go into seclusion. Therefore, the following is a positive example for comparison with Zhuge Changmin. "Book of Han: The Biography of King Chu Yuan" records that Liu Jiao, the younger brother of Han Emperor Liu Bang, was named the King of Chu, and he named him Mu Sheng, Bai Sheng, Shen Gong, etc. The three of them were middle-level officials, and they treated him with great respect and courtesy. When Liu Jiao held a banquet, he specially prepared a sweet rice wine for him. Later, Liu Jiao's grandson Liu Wu became the king. One day, he forgot to set a banquet for Musheng. Musheng withdrew and said, "It's time for me to go."

The absence of wine means that the prince has begun to neglect, and if he does not leave, he will be punished and suffer disaster. After Musheng resigned due to illness, Liu Wu became more and more promiscuous. Bai Sheng and Shen Gong's remonstrances were ineffective, and instead they were punished with hard labor, which truly fulfilled Musheng's prophecy. The sentence "temporarily forgotten" chants this matter. Because he was talking about Mu Sheng, another sage was brought out, that is, Tao Yuanming, who was the magistrate of Pengze County and refused to give up his waist for five measures of rice. He abandoned his official position and retired to the countryside. To speculate on the poet's intention, the reason for inviting Tao Yuanming to the scene was to cope with the rhythm. ——This example must be contrasted, so "Mr. Mu" cannot be left alone, and he must be found a groomsman; but the motivation for "Mr. Tao County" to abandon his official position is different from that of "Mr. Mu", and his Flying away with his clothes still contains the elements of "An Neng can crush my eyebrows and bend my waist to serve the powerful, which makes me unhappy." Li Bai's "Sleepwalking Tianmu Yin Leaves Farewell" ("Sleepwalking Tianmu Yin Farewell"), so his appearance added a new meaning to the meaning of the poem Content, its role is not just to serve as a foil for "Mr. Mu". All in all, the poet regards these two scholars as his teachers, and his intention is very obvious: "Wealth can be sought after, although I am a man with a whip. That's why. If you can't ask for it, do what I like.") "The Analects of Confucius. Shuer" (Since the court doesn't trust me, I'm afraid there will be disaster if I continue. So what's the point of being "rich"? What's more, the price of sacrificing one's own personality and dignity to obtain "wealth and honor" is too high. I have made up my mind to go into seclusion. My plan after resigning is to build a garden and pavilion. What to do when I’m drunk? It’s so joyful to have fun! " "Drinking drunkenly and reciting poems" is a short flowing sentence pair with only six words. Two consecutive dynamic pictures describe the ideal taste of seclusion life. However, we should not ignore the words "Yi Lao" and "Yi Lao". There are two words "hao". First, "老" and "好" are related to each other, which is a complementary rhyme, and "Shi", "Ji", "Gui", "Shi", "Shi", "Key", "Fei", etc. The main rhyme is the same as the flat and oblique rhymes that form the original tune, which has the beauty of swaying voice and emotion. Secondly, all four characters have allusions. "Yi Lao" can be seen in "Zhuangzi": "The big block carries me with the shape." , Work me to live, leave me to grow old, rest me to die." Gai means that life is busy, and only when you grow old can you find comfort ("yi", the same as "yi"). "Yihao" comes from Tang Rongyu's "Chang'an Qiu Xi". 》Poetry: "It's better to be poor at home when a distant guest returns." This is what the current saying goes, "A golden nest and a silver nest are not as good as a straw nest at home." The poet should name the garden after "Yi Lao" and "Yi Hao". Although the pavilion does not directly talk about taking care of one's life and living in poverty, the meaning of cherishing mulberry and elm trees and not admiring gold and purple has been conveyed in various ways, and the charm is more profound.

The poet himself is certainly this. If you are poor, what's the use of buying more land for a thousand years? It's enough to make you brothers "prodigal"! How many mouths can one person have? - Isn't it enough for you to make a living with just a few acres of land? There are some bookish and homely words in the above paragraph, so the last paragraph is really a quarrel. It is a live recording of me scolding my son. It is amazing and absolutely wonderful! It is worth mentioning that the two sentences "Millennium" Although it is a slang term, there are still records in the Song Dynasty that can be used to prove that "a thousand years of land is exchanged for eight hundred owners", which can be seen in the words of Zen Master Rumin of Lingshuyuan in Shaozhou in Volume 11 of "Jingde Chuandeng Lu" of the Northern Song Dynasty. Asked: "What is the family tradition of a monk?" The master said: "The owner of eight hundred fields with a thousand years old." The monk asked: "What is the owner of eight hundred fields with a thousand years old? "The master said: "There should be no one left to repair the house in Lang's house. "These words can be traced back to Wang Fanzhi's poems earlier: "When old age builds a new house, ghosts come and clap their hands and laugh. The body can be used to sit for a while, but others will sell it after death. Thousands of years change hundreds of masters, and each one changes in cycles. There are people sitting in front of and behind you, so why is the owner present? "How many spoons are inserted into each mouth", Fan Chengda's "Shihu layman's poetry collection" Volume 26 "Bingwu Xinzheng Shuhuai" four out of ten poems (the nature of idle people in poor alleys): "If you don't have two spoons in your mouth, you will not be enough." valley. "Self-note: "Wu proverb says: "One mouthful cannot hold two spoons." "It is particularly rare to use common sayings to implicitly incorporate rhythms, and the antitheses are stable. The level of the poet is really unpredictable!"

This poem is full of historical speculation and philosophy of life; it is full of wisdom in the study and the breath of life; it is both solemn and humorous, elegant and slang; solemn but not sick. It is pedantic, harmonious but not slippery; elegance is popular elegance, and slang is standard slang; it shows the broad mind, high knowledge, refreshing character and deep knowledge of the words, and shows that the poet has the ability to control all kinds of words. Extraordinary abilities in different types of language arts.

Xin Ci is particularly good at using allusions and adapting predecessors into sentences. This article is an outstanding example. The sentence "I decline" uses "The Analects of Confucius", this is the classic: the sentence "to be rich" and the sentence "forgetting temporarily" use "Han Shu", the sentence "wealth and honor" uses "Jin Shu", this is the history: "Yi Lao" uses "Zhuangzi" ", Shi Zi: "Yi Hao" is a collection of Tang poems. ——In one poem, all four parts are used. In terms of era, it was used from the Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States Period, Han Dynasty, Jin Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Five Dynasties to Song Dynasty. As far as literary style is concerned, it has been used from poems and articles to monks' quotations and folk songs and proverbs. As far as usage is concerned, it can be used into a sentence, or the meaning of the text can be refined, or the words can be added or subtracted, or the words can be changed. In this way, the poet has really reached the level of perfection and perfection!

In the Song Dynasty, feudal emperors used relatively generous economic benefits to win over military generals and scholar-bureaucrats in exchange for their loyal services. Therefore, the trend of bureaucratic landlords buying farms, building houses, and keeping prostitutes was very popular. For a while. At that time, the prosperous pornographic industry in the developed urban commercial economy greatly stimulated the consumption desires of the dandy children and aroused their appetite. Red candles are blowing, thousands of strings are used to buy laughter, and unscrupulous descendants who have squandered all their ancestral property in the "gold-selling pot" are everywhere. The "beauty of a gentleman" is often cut off in the second or third life, not the fifth. Volume 9 "Personnel Affairs" of Shen Kuo's "Mengxi Bidan" in the Northern Song Dynasty records a thought-provoking story: General Guo Jin's new mansion was completed and he held a grand banquet. . Someone asked: How can young men associate with craftsmen? Guo Jin pointed to the craftsmen and said: These are the ones building houses. Then he pointed at his disciples and said: These are the people selling houses, so of course they should sit at a disadvantage. Shortly after Jin's death, the mansion fell into the hands of others. Guo Jin is a scholar who sees problems thoroughly and does things without understanding. However, since he has foresight, why did he build a mansion? Now that it has been built, why can't the disciples be strictly disciplined to make it a success? In contrast, the poet can not worry about building property, and can even curse when the "dog" mumbles. He can really be regarded as a brilliant family education expert. This was really valuable in the feudal era. Even for people today, I am afraid it still has certain educational significance?