At that time, in addition to the aforementioned Ling Lun, there was also a musician named "Fuxi". It is said that Fuxi had the head of a human and the body of a snake, and was conceived in his mother's womb for twelve years. The harp he played originally had fifty strings, but because the tone was too sad, Huang Di cut off half of his harp and changed it to twenty-five strings. In legends from the time of the Yellow Emperor, there is also a musician named Shen Nong, who is said to have the head of an ox and the body of a snake. Shennong once taught people to cultivate grains, tasted all kinds of herbs and discovered medicine, and also created the five-stringed qin. Therefore, it can be naturally assumed that the music at that time used the pentatonic scale. In ancient China, there were no fewer than 300 books on music. Confucius was a famous educator in the Spring and Autumn Period and a musician. He wrote many essays on music. We can see some of his comments on music in the Analects. Confucius was very accomplished in the guqin. He could compose his own music and put sorrow and joy into the music of the guqin. Confucius personally taught the art of piano to his disciples. Among his three thousand disciples, there were seventy-two who were proficient in the six arts. The content of his teaching can be called "poetry, calligraphy, etiquette, and music". "Li" refers to the order of yin and yang in heaven and earth, and "joy" means achieving harmony. In Confucius' philosophy, morality and music are on the same footing, and he advocated using music to improve moral character. On the other hand, most of the court music in ancient China was dance music, which integrated poetry, dance, and music, which is completely different from today's dance. 2. Ancient Egyptian and Arab Music Ancient Egyptian civilization is one of the oldest civilizations in the world. On the carvings on the stone walls inside the pyramid, we can see the procession of music players, thus imagining the grand occasion of music playing at that time. The carvings include harp-like string instruments played with fingers, as well as various flute-like instruments. Instrumental music in areas such as Arabia is also quite developed. A long time ago, they began to use a special scale divided into seventeen note names within an octave. 3. Ancient Greek and Roman Music The origin of Greek music is also shrouded in mystery. According to legend, the god Apollo is in charge of music and has nine Muses under his jurisdiction, so music is also called Music or Musik. Among the Greek musical instruments, there is a V-shaped double-pipe flute called auros, a hurdy-gurdy called a lyra, and a kithara, a stringed instrument similar to a guitar. These instruments are Introduced from Egypt or Arabia. In the lives of ancient Greeks, music played a very prominent role. Based on the oriental music spread from Egypt and Arabia, they gradually developed and changed it and formed their own music. Music in ancient Greece was closely linked to poetry and drama. The importance of music is reflected in their two charming Homeric epics and many famous dramas. The songs sung by some famous folk singers in society at that time were also of great significance to the formation and development of ancient Greek music. Ancient Greek music had significant achievements in many aspects. In the sixth century BC, Pythagoras, the great ancient Greek philosopher and mathematician, used a single-stringed instrument called the Monochord to first explain the theory of pure temperament and calculate the time based on the length of the string. All intervals used. The invention and application of Pythagorean temperament was a major breakthrough in music theory. Secondly, the ancient Greeks also invented alphabetical notation. There were also many bold innovations and creations in the production of musical instruments, and a number of unprecedented musical instruments were invented. Ancient Greek music not only included solo lyrics with instrumental accompaniment, but also drama music and dance music. This music is generally based on monophonic music, and most of its content is religious. The music of ancient Rome mainly followed the great achievements of ancient Greek music. Music at that time was mainly played during sacrifices to gods, wedding banquets and military triumphs. Since the third century AD, ancient Rome has expanded its power outwards and carried out barbaric invasion and plunder of neighboring city-states. Many of the outstanding musicians and singers of ancient Greece became servants of ancient Roman emperors, nobles and slave owners, so music became a tool specifically for the entertainment of the ruling class.However, the music culture of ancient Rome did not stagnate after ancient Greece. Some folk songs, wedding songs, soldier songs, and music and dances have developed to a certain extent. In the process of continuous development, ancient dramas sung in Latin appeared. In addition, the emergence of brass instruments in the army is also one of the main features of ancient Roman music.

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