Abstract: In the music teaching of kindergarten teachers, there are many methods of teaching vocal music. As an important teaching method, "fan singing" plays a very important role in the cultivation of vocal ability. Starting from the connotation of model singing, the author analyzes the problems and reasons for "model singing" in vocal music teaching, and puts forward the main strategies of "model singing".
Keywords: teacher; model singing; vocal music teaching
1. The connotation of model singing
Model singing refers to the teacher’s demonstration singing. It is the most important means in vocal music teaching, the most commonly used method, and has great influence. It runs through the entire process of vocal music teaching. Correct model singing refers to the correct demonstration of singing methods and teaching requirements by teachers during the teaching process. It should show students a correct singing state. Such as: correct breathing state, correct oral state, correct singing essentials, etc. If the singing state is correct, the sound will naturally be correct. The main purpose here is to cultivate students to have a correct singing consciousness in their brains. If students combine their conscious feelings and auditory feelings for training, through long-term circulation and patient singing, students will eventually master the correct singing method, form the correct singing state, and obtain perfect sound effects. Therefore, every time the teacher sings correctly, it will directly leave some thoughts and memories in the students' minds. When the teacher's explanations and model singing reach a certain level, the students' singing level will make a qualitative leap. Over time, students' singing inspiration will suddenly open up, and their singing level will naturally improve.
2. The main problems existing in model singing in current vocal music teaching
(1) Too much emphasis on imitation and neglect of the establishment of correct model singing methods
In early childhood In the initial stage of vocal music teaching, some teachers always use model singing as the main teaching method. As soon as they hear that the students' vocal methods are wrong, they immediately use model singing, and then ask students to use this as a "model singing", and do not promptly Point out the students' mistakes and analyze the reasons for the mistakes accurately, so that the students can blindly imitate without knowing the reasons. This will inevitably cause students to only focus on imitating the teacher's timbre and volume during the learning process, thereby neglecting the establishment of correct singing and vocalization methods. The characteristics of vocal art dictate that only after the singer obtains the correct perception and then continuously consolidates it through his own exploration and practice can he master the skills of vocal singing.
(2) Teachers and students have different voices, and excessive singing and imitation may be counterproductive.
In vocal music teaching, the proportion of singing between different parts is often high. The so-called model singing in different voices refers to the phenomenon that the teacher as the model singer and the student do not belong to the same voice. In vocal music teaching, teachers often encounter students with different voice types and voice personalities. For example, when a male teacher meets a female student, there is a strong contrast between the two teachers in terms of gender, voice and voice type. This will naturally bring some problems to actual vocal music teaching. For example, a tenor sings mainly in true voice, while a soprano sings mainly in falsetto. Therefore, model singing sometimes has the opposite effect; on the contrary, baritone and bass teachers are often unable to do anything when demonstrating in the high range. This is because due to the constraints of the singing characteristics of its vocal parts, it is impossible for Fan singing to have good results.
(3) Singing methods are inconsistent, making it more difficult to imitate model singing.
Model singing between different singing methods refers to model singing that transcends the artistic style of the vocal genre and the system of singing techniques and methods. There are three types of singing methods: bel canto, ethnic singing, and popular singing. In vocal music teaching, it is very common to model singing between different singing methods. For example, it is not uncommon for ethnic singing teachers to model singing for bel canto students, or for bel canto teachers to model singing for ethnic singing students. The reason why there is a singing problem between different singing methods. In fact, it is also related to the teacher-training and vocational characteristics of vocal music teaching. Vocal music teachers in normal colleges and higher vocational colleges face students of different levels and types. According to the characteristics of students' voices, teachers cannot avoid various singing methods, nor can they only teach students who sing in the same way as themselves. These are indisputable objective facts.
3. The main methods and strategies of correct singing
(1) Establish a correct sound concept and objectively understand the principles of singing
"Correct sound concept" That is, "the specific ideological concept formed by the singer's thinking, understanding and understanding of the musical physical properties of the voice singing voice. It should conform to the scientific laws of singing, the physiological structure of vocalization, its own objective conditions, and the aesthetic needs of vocal art. The famous Italian Coloratura soprano Luisa Tetraki said when talking about singing: "There is only one correct way to sing: that is natural, easy and comfortable singing." The pinnacle of the art of singing is that there is no obvious method. But he can sing from one end of his voice to the other with absolute flexibility and smoothness, and every note he plays is so "natural" in connection with its adjacent notes. The "natural" mentioned here does not refer to people's "original nature." "Sound", but a scientific and artistic natural sound formed after "processing by science and art on the basis of original ecology."
(2) Combining theory with practice and being targeted
Fan singing is generally more suitable for middle and lower grades, especially for lower grades. When teachers use the model singing teaching method in the primary stage of vocal music learning, they should prevent students from simply imitating the teacher's voice and guide students' attention to learning singing methods. The combination of theoretical teaching and practical teaching should remind students that treating model singing is not about imitating its timbre and volume, but about grasping the correct vocal method, establishing the correct concept of sound, and inspiring students to accurately remember their best voice. , and gradually reach the level of ease and ease of use. The process of vocal music learning relies on a high degree of auditory experience. Only by making timely and continuous corrections and improvements under correct requirements and guidance can you master vocal music skills. The teacher's model singing should have the effect of "inspiring others". Model singing should grasp the principle of moderation, fully grasp the opportunity of modeling singing, and only demonstrate and inspire students when they encounter practical problems, so as to enhance students' desire for knowledge and truly achieve the goal.
(3) Explaining more than singing, focusing on explanation
During his coaching career, the famous American swimming coach Sherman Chavre has successively trained students like Spitz , Meyer and other world-famous athletes. They have broken sixty world records and won sixteen Olympic gold medals. However, no one would have thought that a swimming coach with such outstanding contributions could not swim! His Achilles' heel was discovered after USA Swimming's first win. That day, the athletes happily lifted him up and threw him into the swimming pool. They saw him struggling in the water and gradually sinking to the bottom of the pool. Fortunately, timely rescue saved him from misfortune. It can be seen that teaching methods are diversified, and the same is true for vocal music teaching. It is not the same voice that can cultivate outstanding talents. When teachers face these groups of students, the models they choose must be highly directional and targeted, and cannot be blind or arbitrary. This means that when facing students with different voices than their own, teachers should consider the specific singing situations of students with different voices. Only by choosing the appropriate model can the teaching be targeted. Sometimes a teacher's "speaking" may be more effective than "singing".
(4) Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude and adjusting singing requirements
When facing students with different singing methods, vocal teachers can fully draw on the characteristics of different singing methods to strengthen their understanding of various singing methods. Analysis and understanding, adopt different teaching methods. At the same time, we must grasp the sense of propriety and scale in model singing, and we must not allow arbitrary model singing to interfere with the training standards of the genre's singing teaching guidance. In some cases, teachers would rather "talk" more than "sing". Only in this way can teachers ensure normal teaching activities. It is necessary to have a certain analysis and understanding of the students' voice conditions. Develop teaching plans and teach students in accordance with their aptitude. During teaching, teachers should provide correct guidance according to the students' voice conditions and voice personality, and pay attention to teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. They should not let students' voices completely follow their own models, so that students lose their own voice characteristics. There may still be some differences in voice conditions and voice characteristics between teachers and students. Technical model singing is usually used to demonstrate correct or incorrect physical singing movements and singing vocal techniques to students, rather than requiring students to imitate and sing exactly the same voice as the teacher's voice.
Students selectively absorb what is useful to them in the teacher's model singing, and at the same time pay attention to maintaining their own voice advantages and characteristics, and not to lose their own personality due to imitation of the model singing effect. Only such imitation has practical value.
To sum up, singing teaching is not only an important link in vocal music teaching, but also an indispensable method in the teaching process. Only by using model singing appropriately and correctly can the teacher's teaching process be relaxed and comfortable, students' auditory discrimination ability can be cultivated, students' keen musical hearing can be trained, and students can be inspired by the teacher's model singing, thereby establishing correct concepts of singing and vocalization. . Therefore, the use of Fan Sing should follow the principles of purpose, pertinence, appropriateness, and timeliness. Only in this way can the principle of "teachers as the leader and students as the main body" be truly reflected, and Fan Sing teaching can achieve twice the result with half the effort.
References:
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