The introduction of Liu Bei in "Three Kingdoms" has always been quoted. Let's take a look at "Zi Zhi Tong Jian". Write Liu Bei's appearance like this: Liu Bei is a descendant of Zhongshan. My father died when I was young and my family was very poor. I live with my mother by selling shoes. He was seven feet five inches tall, with his hands hanging on his knees and his eyes turned sideways so that his ears could be seen. Not very ambitious, doesn't talk much, doesn't express emotions. He followed Gongsun Zan and studied under Lu Zhi, so he went to Gongsun Zan. Gongsun Zan sent Liu Bei and Tian Ji to attack Qingzhou, and Gongsun Zan made Liu Bei the Prime Minister of Pingyuan. When Liu Bei was young, he had a close relationship with Guan Yu of Hedong and Zhang Fei of Zhuojun. Therefore, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, as Sima of other departments, were assigned under Liu Bei. Liu Bei and the two of them slept together at night, feeling like brothers. In public, the two of them stood beside Liu Bei for a whole day. Follow Liu Bei without fear of danger.
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Changshan Zhao Yun once led Changshan's team to meet Gongsun Zan. Gongsun Zan asked him: I heard that you Changshan people are willing to follow Yuan Shao. Why can you get lost alone and still know the way back? Zhao Yun said: The world is in chaos, and no one knows the future. Just like ordinary people being hanged upside down and suffering, so what Irving wants is to find benevolent government. It's not that I look down on Lao Yuan, I particularly like you. When Liu Bei saw Zhao Yun, he thought he was a strange person and made a good friend, so Zhao Yun followed Liu Bei to the plain to support Liu Bei's cavalry.
In the late Song and Yuan Dynasties, Hu Sansheng wrote after the paragraph of "Tongjian": "This is the beginning of Liu Bei."
We can see that the focus of "Tongjian" is first of all Liu Bei's origin, appearance, and character. For example, the ears are big or the ears are forward or the eyes are on the outside. In short, it is characterized by its big ears and extraordinary appearance. Of course it's very different from those of us who can't see our ears. He has a calm personality since childhood and doesn't talk much. The second is his relationship with Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, and Zhao Yun. If compared with the original text of the official history "Zizhi Tongjian", it can be seen that the relationship between Liu and others, which is the part that was not mentioned when Liu Bei appeared in "Three Kingdoms", was particularly emphasized by the author of "Three Kingdoms".
We once quoted Chen Shou's summary of Liu Bei's character traits in the "Tongjian" year: "My ancestors did not like reading very much, but liked dogs and horses, music and beautiful clothes. Seven feet and five inches long , he lowered his knees and looked into his ears. "Little words, good people, no emotions." This is the basic material faced by the writer of "The Legend of the Three Kingdoms". How to choose and use "Tongjian"?
Some words that are unpleasant to you cannot be taken away, such as "My ancestors did not like reading, but only liked dogs and horses, music and beautiful clothes." Plus "ambitious" and "kind to others." "Ambition" is inevitable, and it can also be inferred from the story of Liu Bei's childhood game. This is a key point in judging people in the old society. The deletion of the sentence "Be a good servant" should not be a momentary oversight or careless omission, but an intentional omission by the editor, because in the following "Tongjian" records of his interactions with Guan, Zhang, and Zhao, All are repeated. These are all examples of Liu Bei "being a good servant".
“Being kind to others” means being good at treating others with courtesy, even bowing to them. Liu Bei was good at treating people with courtesy, not only Guan, Zhang, Zhao and other powerful generals who could help him, but also ordinary refugees. Liu Bei can also show sincerity, which is not easy in an era of great turmoil, and is also an important reason why he is highly praised.
Quoting Zhao Yun’s words when Liu Bei appeared on the stage, which contained the word "benevolent government". The appearance of these two words of evaluation here reflects the originality of the author of "Tongjian".
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If you compare the characters of Liu Bei and Cao Cao, one is "benevolent" and the other is "intelligent". The difference between the two is very obvious. "Tongjian" "Beishao had good relations with Guan Yu in Hedong and Zhang Fei in Zhuojun", which was not mentioned in "Tongjian" in "Zizhi Tongjian". The volume "Three Kingdoms" says that he followed Guan Yu and Liu Bei when he was young. It seems that Sima Guang took this sentence from "The Biography of Zhang Fei". We pay special attention to the relationship between Liu and. "If you are going to sleep with two people, then sleep on the same bed. If you are the older brother, you will sit in the thick room and stand there all day long, trying every means to avoid danger." It's quite thoughtful.
By the way, "The Biography of Zhang Fei" was also published in 1998.
But we must also note that the Liu and He mentioned in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" cannot be compared with the public opinion elites such as Qiao Xuan and Xu Shao. They praised Cao Cao as "A capable minister who governs the world, a treacherous minister in troubled times." In addition, there are obvious differences in their evaluations of Liu Bei and Cao Cao.
When Liu Bei appeared, he did not take away people's praise. It should be handled properly after thinking about it. Because, obviously, writing comments and praises of this level will not add much luster to Liu Bei. "Tongjian" has a network diagram
Speaking of the description of Liu Bei in "The Legend of the Three Kingdoms", I would like to once again propose Liu Bei's appearance in "Tongjian" contrast. "Shishuo Xinyu Shijian" is a pretty good official history, and "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" is an excellent chronicle history book. Although "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" is only a novel, it is the most successful historical writing in China.
Liu Bei's appearance is like this: Xuande was lonely when he was young, and his mother was filial. He came from a poor family and started a business selling weaving mats. I live in Lousang Village in this county. There is a big mulberry tree southeast of his house, more than five feet high, and from a distance it is as heavy as a car hood. Xiangyun: "There must be a noble person in this family." When Xuande was young, he was playing with children under a tree in the countryside and said, "I am the emperor, so I should ride in this hood." Uncle Liu Yuan Qi said a strange thing: "This son is very humane. "Seeing that Xuande's family was poor, he often gave him money. At the age of fifteen, my mother traveled to study under Zheng Xuan and Lu Zhi, and made friends with Gongsun Zan.
When I was a child, I used mulberry trees as car covers and adapted them according to "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms". The similarity between the two bibliographies highlights Liu Bei's excellence. In addition to learning from Lu Zhi, the Confucian master Zheng Xuan was also deliberately included in the novel, probably to show Liu Bei's extraordinaryness. Such details are what makes a scholar. General introduction, but not.
The real portrayal of Liu Bei begins with the ceremony of Liu Guan and Zhang Taoyuan below. This is the biggest difference between the novel and the first two history books. It is relatively plain, because the author has deep feelings for Liu Bei and his Shu Han regime, and the chronicle and historical theory are objective; although Cao Wei is an orthodox calendar, Liu Bei's evaluation is very good. It retains more folk colors and Jianghu flavor. Liu's sworn worship is a model for Jianghu people. Liu Bei's story is a classic big brother story.