Taoist music, Taoist music classification and form, vocal instruments, musical instruments, Taoist music genre, Zhengyi music, Quanzhen Tao music, Taoist music score, Yuyin ritual

Ming Dynasty imperial Xuanjiao movement

Taoist music from all over the world, Baiyunguan, Beijing, Suzhou, Longhu Mountain

Wudang Mountain, Maoshan Mountain, Shanghai Laoshan Mountain

Sanqin, Sichuan, Northeastern Taiwan, Hong Kong

Taoist Music It can be divided into two categories: Zhengdao music and Quanzhen Tao music.

Taoist music, from its vertical history, can be traced back to the witch dance and witch music of ancient times; from its horizontal geographical distribution, it is connected with the spread of Taoism, spreading all over the country and China. . Standing in today's reality, we look at the distribution of Taoist music throughout China from a macro perspective. Its overall communication structure is basically shaped by the two major systems of Quanzhen and Zhengyi that have been separated since the Ming Dynasty. The different styles of the two major systems may have contributed to the formation of this distinctive style as early as the formation of Taoist sects in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The long-term North-South confrontation between the Southern Song Dynasty and the Jin and Yuan regimes resulted in the division of Taoist sects. As mentioned above, generally speaking, southern Taoism is dominated by the Fulu sects. By the Yuan Dynasty, the southern Fulu sects were all unified into the Zhengyi sect headed by the Tianshi Taoist lineage. Northern Taoism includes Taiyi Sect, Zhendao Taoism and Quanzhen Taoism. Quanzhen Taoism, founded by Wang Chongyang during the Dading period of Jin Dynasty, was the most powerful. After the unification of the Yuan Dynasty, Quanzhen Taoism spread across the Yangtze River and soon there were traces of Quanzhen Taoist activities in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Fujian and other places. Since then, Quanzhen Taoism, the representative of the Refining Sect, has developed into an important sect that can compete with the Zhengyi Fulu Sect.

Quanzhen Taoism is the confrontation between the two schools of Zhengyi, which causes the music of the two schools to arise correspondingly and form stylistic differences due to the different Taoist systems. Influenced by Quanzhen Taoism's teachings conforming to the trend of the integration of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, Quanzhen Taoism drew on certain forms of Buddhism to develop its own ritual music. The establishment of the jungle system and the improvement of class chanting music marked the beginning of the scale of Quanzhen Taoist music. On the basis of inheriting the Taoist music of the Tang and Song Dynasties, Zhengyiyi further became more complete and standardized. The "Lingbao Lingjiao Jidu Golden Book", which was completed in the early Yuan Dynasty, is not only a complete book of Zhaijiao rituals, but also an essential book of Taoist rituals and music. Code. The prosperous Yuan Zaju and Nanxi operas influenced each other and were closely related to Taoist music. This not only constituted a characteristic of the development of Taoist music in the Yuan Dynasty, but also prepared and created conditions for the popularization and folk customization of Taoist music in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.