Question 1: *** What are the representative musical instruments of the Er people? *** There are many traditional musical instruments of the Er people, among which the most widely used instruments are:
Dutar: It is the only finger-picked string instrument of the *** Er people. This instrument has a soft sound and can be used solo or together with the tambourine to accompany singing and dancing.
Revafu: It is a stringed instrument favored by ethnic minorities such as Ernst and Uzbeks, and is relatively popular. When playing, the left hand holds the neck and slides the strings obliquely, and the right hand holds the horn piece or bamboo piece to pluck and play.
Tan Boer: It is a stringed instrument with a sonorous, sweet and unique sound. The Tambur is often used as a solo instrument, and is used together with other musical instruments such as tiles and tambourines to accompany singing and dancing during family celebrations and banquets.
Dab: called tambourine in Chinese, it is an ancient percussion instrument widely used by the Han people. It is an indispensable instrument for ensembles and accompaniments. It has a crisp sound and plays a role in unifying the rhythm and speed of the band. It is one of the products of the spread of Persian culture to the east.
Nagra: It is a pair of drums played by hitting with wooden mallets. It is called iron drum in Chinese. Mainly used for grand festivals and weddings. It cooperates with the suona to create a cheerful and joyful atmosphere that makes people dance uncontrollably.
Question 2: What are the ethnic musical instruments in Xinjiang? Introduction to the musical instruments of Xinjiang ethnic minorities
The Er, Kazakh, Kirgiz and other ethnic groups in Xinjiang have all created musical instruments with rich national characteristics, such as playing Boer, Dombula, Dafu, Rewafu, Dutar, Kaumuz, etc. are all capable of blowing, stringing, playing, and percussion. These musical instruments have a very high level of craftsmanship.
Tan Boer
Tan Boer is a plucked instrument of the *** Er people. The piano stem is slender, the piano body is made of high-quality wood, and the piano handle is long and inlaid with bone decorative patterns, which is very beautiful. The speaker that plays Boer is shaped like a scoop, with five strings. A steel wire is bent into a plectrum, which is clamped on the nail of the index finger of the right hand to pluck. Its tone is clear and pleasant, and is mostly used for solo or accompaniment. When playing, sit and hold it on your lap or stand and hold it in front of your chest. Your left hand holds the piano rod and slides with the piano rod to press the strings. Your right hand plucks the strings on the piano case.
Dombula
It is the most popular and popular plucked string instrument among the Kazakhs. The body of the piano is shaped like a pear, with two strings. When played with the right hand, the sound is sonorous and pleasant. Most of them are hewn from a whole piece of wood and consist of three parts: headstock, piano rod and piano body. The body is made of mulberry, red willow or birch. There are two strings, usually made of sheep intestines. There are three types of phonemes: 8, 11 and 13, which are divided into high, medium and low. When playing, press the strings with your left hand and pluck with your right hand. It can be used as a solo, or as an accompaniment for poetry, duet singing and various folk songs. This instrument is very light and has beautiful sound quality. Some have fine carvings and beautiful inlays, and are made by specialized craftsmen. Wherever there are tents, there is the sound of Dombula and Kazakh singing. Almost every Dombula music has a beautiful folklore story, and it is very moving to play and sing. The Kazakhs in Xinjiang like to dance a folk dance called "Halajolga" to the accompaniment of Dombula. Mongolian men, women and children in Xinjiang are good at singing and dancing. Traditional dances include "Sha *** Deng", "Andai", "Wine Wine Dance" and so on. These types of dances mostly use "shaking shoulders" and "horse steps" for steps. The dances have strong rhythm, rough and powerful performance styles, and have a strong grassland atmosphere.
Dafu
The tambourine is a percussion instrument played by hand by the Er, Tajik, Uzbek and other ethnic groups. The drum frame is made of mulberry wood, one side is covered with sheepskin, donkey skin or python skin, round and flat, with many small copper rings or iron rings on the inside edge of the frame. There are three specifications: large, medium and small. The more commonly used one is Zhongdafu. When playing, the hands are alternately hit the drum to produce sounds. Due to different fingering methods and drumming parts, various sounds such as "dong", "pa", "da" and "wave" can be produced. When played, the vibrating iron ring makes a "rustling" sound, which is clear and loud. It is an indispensable percussion instrument for the German band ensemble and accompaniment. There is also a tambourine, which is an accompaniment instrument used in Maqam singing and folk song singing.
Nagra
The iron drum, called "Nagala" in the Qing Dynasty, is the percussion instrument of the Han people.
There are two types, one with a round belly and one with a thick top and a thin bottom. They are a pair of two drums, one large and one small. The shape of the Nagra drum looks like a flower pot, and the drum head is covered with camel skin or cowhide. There are six Nagras in a set, and each set is divided into three groups, large, medium and small, with two in each group, differing by five or four degrees. When there is a happy event in someone's home in Xinjiang, musicians will be invited to play the nagola and suona to increase the joyful atmosphere. It is an indispensable folk percussion instrument in cheerful festive festivals. The sound transmission is very far, and it is mostly used in band ensembles. Adding Nagra to the warm and cheerful music not only enhances the warm atmosphere, but also is full of unique national style.
On every festive occasion, players will go up to the roof, beat the cheerful nagra, blow the zona, and people will dance to the sound of drums and perform the enthusiastic Sama dance. This drum sound not only enhances the warm atmosphere of the festival, but also has a unique national style.
The shell of the Nagra drum is made of pig iron in a special mold. The upper part of the drum is wide and the lower part is narrow, forming a cylinder. Its upper part is stretched with stretched donkey skin or calf skin. After the skin is tightened and fixed with a rope, a new Nagra drum is ready.
Nagra drums can be divided into three types according to their size: large (coarse timbre), medium (hoarse timbre), and small (sharp timbre). Its height is about 20-35 cm, and the diameter of the drum head It is 25-40cm. The sound quality of Najia Lagu can be made finer by roasting it with fire or exposing it to the sun. You can also spray water on the drum surface or moisten it with water to make its sound thick and hoarse.
Huxitar
*** A stringed instrument of the Er people. "Husitaer" means "pleasant strings". Popular in Urumqi, Xinjiang Autonomous Region and other places. It was developed by Tursunjiang of Xinjiang Art School in the early 1970s with reference to the ancient musical instrument "Aisita" (Persian, meaning eight strings). ......>>
Question 3: What kinds of musical instruments are there in Xinjiang? Musical Instruments----*** Er Nationality Musical Instruments: The main plucked instruments include plucked plucked instruments, Revafu, Dutar, and Karonqin, and the main stringed instruments include Aijek, Husitar, and Sattar. Sunair (suona), Naiyi (flute). The main percussion instruments include Dafu, Nagra, Taxi (stone), wooden spoon, dulcimer, and tambourine
Kazakh musical instruments: Kazakh music is very distinctive and the types of musical instruments are also quite rich. Dombula is the most popular musical instrument among Kazakh folk.
Kubuzi is the representative of the stringed instrument. It sounds like a violin when played, but its shape is more complex than a violin. The upper end is curved inward, the belly of the violin is like a spoon, the belly is open, the back is covered with sheepskin, and the strings Made with horsetail or beef tendon.
The main wind instrument is Sibuzike, which is best used by folk artists and is known as the "heart flute". This instrument is shaped like a vertical flute and has a melodious and soft sound when played.
The Kazakhs also have many percussion instruments, the most distinctive of which is the Aditoyak. This kind of percussion instrument is composed of two pairs, which hit each other when played. The shape is similar to a horse's hoof. The effect produced is called "horse hoof sound" by the Kazakhs.
Question 4: What are the traditional musical instruments of the *** Er people in Xinjiang? Dutar: It is the only finger-style string instrument of the *** Er people. This instrument has a soft sound and can be used solo or together with the tambourine to accompany singing and dancing. Revafu: It is a plucked instrument favored by ethnic minorities such as Ernst, Tajik and Uzbek, and is relatively popular. When playing, the left hand holds the neck and slides the strings obliquely, and the right hand holds the horn piece or bamboo piece to pluck and play.
Question 5: What are the famous musical instruments and songs in Xinjiang? Musical Instruments----*** Er Nationality Musical Instruments: The plucked instruments mainly include plucked plucked instruments, Revafu, Dutar, and Karonqin, and the stringed instruments mainly include Aijek, Husitar, and Sattar. Sunair (suona), Naiyi (flute). The main percussion instruments include Dafu, Nagra, Taxi (stone), wooden spoon, dulcimer, and tambourine
Kazakh musical instruments: Kazakh music is very distinctive and the types of musical instruments are also quite rich. Dombula is the most popular musical instrument among Kazakh folk.
Kubuzi is the representative of the stringed instrument. It sounds like a violin when played, but its shape is more complex than a violin. The upper end is curved inward, the belly of the violin is like a spoon, the belly is open, the back is covered with sheepskin, and the strings Made with horsetail or beef tendon.
The main wind instrument is Sibuzike, which is best used by folk artists and is known as the "heart flute". This instrument is shaped like a vertical flute and has a melodious and soft sound when played.
The Kazakhs also have many percussion instruments, the most distinctive of which is the Aditoyak. This kind of percussion instrument is composed of two pairs, which hit each other when played. The shape is similar to a horse's hoof. The effect produced is called "horse hoof sound" by the Kazakhs.
Song name: Song of Buxer (Ji Ren Tai) Missing You (Meng Gen) Love Song (Tuli Ga Group) Red and Green Flowers All Over the Mountain (Tuli Ga Group) Benbu River (Tuli Ga Group) Ga Combination) and Buck River (Eun and Bayar) Black Eyes (Eun and Bayar) Pale Mother (Eun and Bayar) Life World (Eun and Bayar)
Question Six: What instrument is used to play Xinjiang dance music? Are you talking about the one in "Summer Life Guide"
"Minuet": harpsichord (picture 1)
"Jujube": Suona (Picture 4)
"Bird in the Shadow": Flute (Picture 2)
"Xinjiang Dance No. 2": Piano (Picture 3) Picture
Question 7: What are the Chinese national musical instruments? National musical instruments are the unique musical instruments of China. The most popular ones are qin, zither, flute, flute, erhu, pipa, silk and bamboo, drum, etc., which are representative. Musical instruments of Chinese traditional music culture.
National musical instruments are unique musical instruments of China.
Pre-Qin period
According to unearthed cultural relics and documentary records, musical instruments in the Pre-Qin period have been There are drum, 闼, Bengu, Ying, Tian, ??County drum, bell, Yong, Nan, Zheng, chime, Fou, Pan, bell, Tao bell, Ya, Zhu,, He, Luan, reed, and whistle (Tao The appearance of musical instruments in primitive societies is mostly related to myths and legends, worship of gods, folk dances, etc. There is a close connection with work and life. After entering class society, musical instruments are mainly used for entertainment and enjoyment by rulers in addition to religious and ceremonial occasions. The production of musical instruments is becoming more and more luxurious, such as "Lu Shi". It is recorded in the Spring and Autumn Period: Extravagant Music: "Xia Jie and Yin Zhou regarded the music as extravagant. The sounds of drums, bells, chimes, pipes, and Xiaos were beautiful with huge pieces, and they were viewed by the crowd. They were strange and strange roses that had never been heard by the ears. , what you haven’t seen with your eyes, you just have to pass by each other, don’t think about measuring.”
Qin and Han Dynasties to Wei and Jin Dynasties
The main musical instruments that appeared at that time were zither and pipa (Qin Hanzi and Ruan Xian). Two different shapes), flute, Fangxiang, and harp harp (i.e. lying harp). Zheng, pipa, and flute are all accompaniment instruments of "Xianghe Song". During this historical period, a lot of foreign instruments were absorbed, such as the accompanying instruments. The introduction of percussion music also included the use of wind instruments such as the Jia, Jiao, Zhongming, Changming, and Qiang flutes. Due to interactions with the culture of the Western Regions, the main musical instruments introduced were the vertical harp, Persian pipa (i.e., the Quxiang Pipa), and the Pipa. etc. The vertical harp is also a Persian musical instrument. It was introduced to my country during the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and the pipa was introduced to Gansu through India and Xinjiang around 350 AD. According to the "Book of Liang Jianwen Emperor", it was at least 551 AD. (Southern and Northern Dynasties) has been introduced to the south.
Musical instruments during the Sui and Tang Dynasties
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, due to the further cultural exchanges in the Western Regions, the number of musical instruments increased sharply, especially drum instruments. Due to the development of song and dance music. Percussion instruments include copper cymbals, clappers, festival drums, stick drums, waist drums, Yubao drums, drums, Jie drums, Qi drums, Dan drums, Jie drums, Dutan drums, Maoyuan drums, Tara drums, and Jilou drums. There are more than 10 kinds of stringed instruments, including duxianqin, three-stringed qin, xiqin, zither, wind-headed harp, five-stringed pipa, and xiqin. There are more than 20 kinds of peach skin, peppercorns and so on. An important change in musical instruments during this period was the emergence of the stringed instruments Jia Zheng and Xi Qin, which opened up a new field of musical instrument performance.
Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing
During this period, stringed instruments experienced outstanding changes and development. Following the Xi Qin, the Mawei Huqin appeared in the Song Dynasty. Also found in records are the huqin, daruan, five-stringed ruan, yueqin, huluqin, Bohaiqin, Huobusi, two-stringed instrument, dambula, kitar, labab, fiddle, harzak, and dulcimer. There are more than fifty kinds of string instruments (actually there are far more types of folk string instruments than these).
During the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the wind instrument Suona (also known as Jinkoujiao, Suernai and Suona) was introduced from the north, which once again brought about major changes in the performance combination of drum music, further enriching the drum music in terms of timbre, volume and style. Musical performance. Suona was originally used in military music. For example, in the Sanqu "Chao Tianzi? Ode the Trumpet" in "Mr. Wang Xilou's Yuefu" written by Wang Pan of the Ming Dynasty: "Trumpets and consonants, the tunes are small and the tunes are big. The official ships come and go in a mess, all relying on you to raise your status. Military The army is worried and the people are afraid. What is true and false? What you see is blowing up this house and hurting that house. The water is blown away and the geese fly away! According to the records of "Sancai Tuhui", suona has been used among the people in the Ming Dynasty.
Body-sounding instruments
(1) Percussion body-sounding instruments: dingdong, wooden stick qin, rhyme board, kino bamboo tube, bamboo qin, gong, clang, singles,, Bronze drums, etc.
(2) Mutual sounding instruments: sticks, bronze mirrors, bamboo clappers, bamboo poles, cymbals, cloth cymbals, breast cymbals, head cymbals, two cymbals, small cymbals, cymbals, big cymbals, Sneeze, cymbals, small cymbals, bump cups, bump bells, waist bells, kuosuke, bench, other stones, other stones, bone boards, etc.
(3) Percussive musical instruments: pestle, bamboo pounding tube, bamboo tube, Yao bamboo tube, aga, etc.
(4) Shaking musical instruments: Lianxiang stick, Sabayi, Reba bell, Panling, Vajra bell, Yao bell, Shaman bell, shaking bell, string bell, copper bell, eight bells Treasure copper bells, master swords, etc.
(5) Comprehensive musical instruments: bamboo reeds, Dandao reeds, iron reeds, Xibe iron reeds, etc.
Membrane-sounding musical instruments
(1) Clap-beating membrane-sounding musical instruments: Dagu, Zhonglao of the Zhuang people, Yao people's big drum, Shui people's big drum, Saitu, Luedou, Guanglong, Gifting territory , Yao ethnic monkey drum, Miao monkey drum, waist drum, plate drum, pig mouth drum,...>>
Question 8: What kind of musical instruments are there in Xinjiang? The sound of "Dutar" is clear and melodious. It is the only finger-picked folk stringed instrument loved by the Er and Kazakh people in Xinjiang. Its name comes from the Persian "dutar", "Du" means "two", and "Dutar" means "string", which is an instrument with two strings. The Chinese transliteration is also written as "Dutar, Dutar, Dutar", etc.
Musical Instruments Xinjiang*** Er Nationality Instruments - Dutar (picture)
tan-jita/yuelizhishi/6131
Question 9: Unique to Xinjiang Let’s start with the folk musical instruments:
(1) Percussion instruments:
There are two types of Nagola drums, one with a round belly, and the other with a thick upper part and a thin lower part. When there is a happy event in someone's home in Xinjiang, musicians will be invited to play the nagola and suona to increase the joyful atmosphere.
Tambourine, the most common ethnic musical instrument.
A medium-sized tambourine is smaller than a tambourine. The performing girls dance and beat the drum at the same time.
Tambourine is similar to a tambourine. The difference is that there are many small drums around the drum. The iron plate can make a "clatter" sound. It is also commonly used by women.
Wooden spoon: Two spoons, hit back to back, can make a crisp sound, often used for accompaniment.
Dulcimer: The same as our common dulcimer
(2) Stringed instruments:
Revafu: The top of the piano is curved, half Round body. The most common musical instrument, played by hand. Can be used for solo and unison. It is your most important musical instrument.
Dutar: The bridge is longer and the body is semi-elliptical. Musical instruments played by hand are common among the people, and almost every family has a "Dutar".
Aijek: A round piano body, like a wooden ball, with an inverted crescent-shaped steel piece at the lower end, which is used to fix the piano on the legs. It is played with a bow, either solo or in unison.
Violin: It is no different from our common violin.
(3) Wind instruments:
Suona: one of the most common musical instruments and one of the characteristics of Xinjiang~
There are many specialty wines in Xinjiang La~ As a true Xinjiang native, I need to introduce it in detail:
1. Raisins: There are gold, green and rose colors. It has pure color and unique flavor, and is rich in natural fructose, protein, vitamins, cellulose and various trace elements such as iron, potassium, calcium, phosphorus and other nutrients needed by the human body. When purchasing, you need to identify whether there are additives and pigments. The method to identify whether there is coloring is very simple. Put it in water and gently rub it with your hands. If the water in the cup changes color obviously, it means that it is pigmented. Do not buy such raisins. Don't eat it.
2. Apricot kernels: Apricot kernels have beautiful color, soft meat, sweet and sour taste, and the color, aroma and taste maintain the natural color and nutritional content of fresh apricots. Don’t eat apricot kernels that are only sweet but not sour, because apricot kernels are a product that is often fermented and processed, so it is normal for them to have a sour taste. Otherwise, if they are just sweet, you should pay attention to their quality.
3 , Dried apricots: There are sour dried apricots, white sweet dried apricots (sun-dried), black sweet dried apricots (shade-dried). It tastes sweet (slightly sour), soft in texture, hot in nature, has the function of promoting blood circulation and replenishing qi, increasing calories, and is rich in protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin C and other ingredients. It has the characteristics of large size, thick meat and sweet taste. Do not eat if there are insect droppings. Dried apricots are generally prone to insects. Dried apricots with live insects can be eaten. Throw away the live insects and you can eat dried apricots. Dried apricots with insects in their flesh cannot be eaten.
4. Sour apricot preserves: Sweet and sour, especially refreshing, with a long fragrance, it also has the functions of promoting body fluids and quenching thirst, relieving heat and clearing away heat. It also contains protease, calcium, iron, potassium, etc., which is a natural and healthy leisure food. food.
5. Ginkgo biloba: The seeds contain a large number of trace elements and active ingredients such as ginkgolic acid, hydrogenated ginglic acid, and ginkgo alcohol. The apricot kernels have been specially processed to make them open and have a fragrant taste, much like the aroma of pine nuts.
6. Original almond has extremely high nutritional value. Its nutrition is six times higher than that of beef of the same weight. The kernel contains vegetable oil, egg white, starch and a small amount of vitamins a, b1, b2 and It contains digestive enzymes, amygdalinase, almond ingredients, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and 18 trace elements such as iron and cobalt. It is a good fitness tonic.
7. Bingmei: The flesh is soft, preferably large, heavy, thick and complete. Green, pollution-free food from Tianshan Mountain, sweet and sour, helps digestion of the spleen and stomach, and can resist aging.
8. Tianshan Black Plum: Alkaline food, containing a large amount of organic acids, which are quickly converted into alkaline substances that are good for people after being absorbed by the intestinal wall. The organic acid of ebony plum contains a kind of citric acid, which can promote the secretion of gastric acid, thereby eliminating the feeling of indigestion and bloating. In addition, the organic acids contained in ebony have a strong killing effect on pathogenic bacteria such as mold that invade the gastrointestinal tract. After exercise and labor, you will feel tired due to excessive acidic substances accumulated in the muscles. If you eat some ebony, it can effectively decompose fatigue substances such as lactic acid and pyrogluconic acid in the muscles, so that your physical strength can be restored quickly.
9. Hami jujube: It is one of the tributes given by the kings of Hami to the Qing Dynasty. It wins the first place due to its large size, thin skin, thick flesh, sweet juice and small core. Especially the Five Forts...>>