Two-way elevator
1 Tools and materials
2 Design
2.1 Starting from the "head"
2.2 Parts other than the piano head
3.1 The piano head is processed in a neat way
3.2 String buttons
3.3 Pins and Pins grooves
3.4. .7 debugging
4 acceptance trial
5 popular science time
5.1 simple fun
5.2 monkey experiment with guitar number scale
5.3 strings
5.4 overtone principle
1 tools and materials
● bench drill, suitable drill bit (at least a hand drill that can drill holes, that is, it is right for the stern. It's too hard to drill wood to make a fire all day)
● Angle grinder (mainly dealing with wood, and those who don't have this kind of power tools can choose old-school woodworking tools such as chisel, carpenter's plane, wood saw, wood file and sandpaper)
● Grinding machine (mainly used for grinding nails, which can also be replaced by metal file)
● Pencil
● Square ruler < p. It can be easily bought in building materials markets in major cities, or large building materials supermarkets such as B&Q, but generally it is at least two meters at a time. The size of the wood strips used in this paper is 1cm*5cm*3cm (but if the thickness is slightly thinner than 3cm, the feel of the neck will be better. In addition, if the wooden strip is an isosceles trapezoid with one end of 5cm and the other end of 8cm, the hand feel will be more perfect and closer to the commercial piano)
○ 15 nails (if you can find them, the finer the better. Similarly, hardware stores, building materials supermarkets, and your elders' toolboxes are all sold or given away)-6 strings buttons with the size of φ 3mm * 5cm
○ (All the guitar shops have them, and students who are not afraid of losing their tune can go to the "standard hardware store" to prepare 6 pairs of M6 ring bolts and nuts and 12 corresponding gaskets! )
○ 12 wooden screws for the string knob (ask the store that sold you the string knob for it, and he said he would roll around without it. There is really no one to go to the hardware store or the building materials supermarket to find the right one. After measuring the hole of the string knob, it is easy to find! )
○ 6 wooden screws (only nylon strings are needed)
○ A pair of strings (bought together with the string buttons, if the store asks what this is for? Just say: We have to test string theory in our school recently. Shopkeeper shook his head and smiled: Is it superstring theory or Bose string theory? Congratulations, you've met an expert ... Anyway, the strings should be steel strings with low tension or nylon strings. However, if you are confident enough to adjust the scale, in fact, the most DIY thing is to use thick fishing lines. )
○ A cardboard box with * * * sound effect (I promise, you will find it on the board car that keeps shouting when you pass by the door of your unit! )
○ Tape and double-sided adhesive tape
2 Design
2.1 Start with the "head"
Now let's imagine that you are in front of a pile of tools, with a left pencil and a right ruler, staring at a large piece of wood with innocent eyes. How to do it?
● DIYer made a gesture of "holding hands" and said, "Let's plan the various structures of the guitar first, starting with the piano head!"
● The main function of the piano head is to firmly fix one end of the string, and adopt mechanical structure to adjust the tension of the string, but also to keep the tension stable, at least to stabilize the time of "Please give me a song". What? You said Jay Chou didn't say "please"? A rude guy ...
● In order to pay tribute to the cheapness and ease of use of industrialized parts, we directly use a special "string button" to fix the strings on this piano.
● The advantages of using the string button are obvious. In fact, it is a turbo-worm structure with reverse self-locking, and maintaining stable tension is its unique skill.
● Disadvantages ... If we have to find one, it is that it lacks the rough visual impact of DIY works (engineers shake their heads and sigh). The problem of impact force can be compared with 1. and 2. in the following figure:
● If you have a pair of discerning eyes, you will notice that the head of the second-generation piano is sinking before your brain is filled with the fierceness of DIY guitar. This is because the strings may float in the groove of the pillow and affect the vibration of the strings if they are fixed on the string column as high as the fingerboard after passing through the groove of the pillow. The sinking string column can ensure that the strings are tight.
● If your eyes are sharp as a torch, you will also find a row of small holes near the piano pillow in the photo of the first generation piano. This is what I tried to fix the strings on the other side of the piano head through these holes, but the bent strings will be particularly easy to break in the process of being tightened! So sinking the piano head is the most effective scheme at present.
● ok, stop nodding thoughtfully! Let's go back to the question of string buttons or bolts. The arrangement of string buttons also needs to be considered in the planning stage.
● Its arrangement should not only leave space for strings and other string buttons, but also compare the length of each string (generally, 6 strings are the shortest), and it is also best to be symmetrical with the central axis, so that the piano pillow can be pulled to the strings on both sides and tightened, and fixed in its proper position relatively stably (or made into an arrangement without transverse tension at all! ）。
● It's a shame that the two generations of pianos I made ignored this problem. Later, I changed the winding direction to balance the tension on both sides of the piano pillow. You should learn a lesson if you are smart and hardworking ...
● Seriously sum up, the planning of the piano head should be like this: remove one end of the wooden strip from the top half of the wood, leave enough space for each string button, calculate the length of the strings, and finally arrange the strings in consideration of the lateral tension of the strings on the piano pillow.
2.2 parts other than the piano head
● Apart from the piano head, there are only two weak parts left in our local guitar: the piano case and the fingerboard.
● The piano box doesn't consider the acoustic factors (good sound effect, rich timbre and other beautiful attributes? Considering these, we are not DIYer! ) then find a suitable box and put it on.
● The fingerboard is also very simple: first, determine the effective chord length, and then consider some small problems. The effective chord length of ordinary guitars is generally around 64mm, so most of the strings you can buy can not support much more than this value. Too long and too short effective chord length will also lead to the distance between characters suitable for all kinds of fingers to play with long or short ET, which is intuitive in the following algorithm. Therefore, everyone's children's shoes can set a length near this value.
● After the effective chord length is determined unconsciously, in view of the simplicity and pithy of our DIY guitar, the fingerboard and the piano code are eaten on a piece of wood, so the length from the fingerboard to the piano code can be determined by leaving one centimeter at each end of the selected chord length. Finally, the product spacing is obtained by the product spacing algorithm, and the design of the fingerboard part is completed.
● The product spacing algorithm is as follows:
● Even if the decimal number is omitted to 3 digits, it is still very troublesome to calculate with paper and pencil. Geek is full of style. If you want to make a calculation program, you can do it with Office EXCEL.
● If you are really lazy, you don't want to calculate or program. Well, in fact, just look for a guitar pitch calculation tool on the Internet. Usually, you type L in a simple small grid and press Enter to get a pitch of 24 guitars ... It's almost impossible to use up several guitars.
● It's actually very interesting to talk about the pitch, strings and overtones of guitars. At the end of the article, I will tell you some interesting science about scales, and you can do small experiments with guitars. Yes, including ours, of course!
● The spacing of strings also needs to be considered. Generally, the spacing of strings is allocated according to the principle that the spacing at the pillow is small and the spacing at the code is large. The distance between the pillows of this piano is 5, 8, 8, 8, 8, 5(mm), and the distance between the yards of the piano is 2.5, 9, 9, 9, 9, 2.5(mm). If your battens are wider, in fact, a wider distance between the yards of the piano is also acceptable.
● About 3cm behind the piano code is the place where the strings are fixed. You can make several holes that run through the wood and are smaller than the "string fixing head" to give the strings a place to be fixed. If you are going to use nylon strings, just punch six wooden screws behind these holes to tie the strings to them.
● At this point, the design work has been basically completed, and here is the awesome craft display!
● Before removing materials, we should draw lines with pencil for our battens according to the above plan. It's best to make clear what parts are cut and punched before you start work, and leave enough cutting allowance, which can be recovered after the saw is crooked. Ben DIYer often feels that in the world without CTRL+Z, Geek always seem to be less free and elegant ...
3 Construction
3.1 The piano head is processed in unison
● This is what the part above the piano head looks like after processing, and you can see the marked character position on the fingerboard. Here, you can use an angle grinder to put a wooden saw blade first, leaving some allowance to knock out most of the wood to be removed. Then change the elastic grinding plate-that is, the half-covered one shyly hiding under the fingerboard-for polishing.
● I must remind you here that you should form a good habit of wearing goggles when using power tools, and there are other protective devices such as earplugs and dust masks, which will protect you from falling grinding wheels, dust and noise. At the same time, correct and formal training and strict and careful attitude are also crucial. The surface in the picture has no technical requirements for smoothness (hey, who answered, "This guitar doesn't exist at all"? ), mainly for quick and convenient material removal, it is ground with an angle grinder.
● If it is a hand tool, first use a wood saw to saw along the cutting lines on both sides, then saw along the vertical direction of the fingerboard, and then combine the two saw lines to remove materials, and finally use sandpaper or carpentry to finely process them.
● For this guitar, the practice shows that the power tool polishing can really meet the processing requirements. The smooth surface, gorgeous wood grain with different shades, the aroma emitted by wood when heated, and the mushroom cloud woven with * * * are the greatest spiritual rewards for a DIYer.
● Of course, the most obvious thing in the picture is the sad blueprint of unsymmetrical arrangement of strings, but what I want to say is: First, you can see the edge of material removal that is basically well handled; Secondly, the position of chord arrangement must be drawn on this side.
● A teacher once talked about a top grinding master in Japan. After grinding a world-class precision surface with excellent high-end tools, he said that the most important thing is to have a calm feeling for the workpiece. With this deep love, the mirror and everything are just floating clouds. After practice, I think my love for guitar is still quite enthusiastic, because the machined surface has extraordinary ups and downs ... < P > ● After the material is removed, it is punched. The line on the right in the picture is the marked position of the piano code. 3cm on the left is the mark of the hole to be punched through the strings. Note that the hole here directly corresponds to the interval between the strings at the end of the piano. No matter how you design it, the accuracy of the hole on the fingerboard side should be as high as possible. The hole can be inclined from the bottom of the piano to the code, so that there is no right angle to cut the strings, and the strings will be more durable (especially nylon strings).
● On the back of the completed fixing hole, if it is a nylon string, six corresponding guide holes (smaller than the inner diameter of the wood screw) can be punched on the left side of these holes, and the wood screw can be screwed to fix the string.
● punch the string column from the back according to the previously marked position. Imagine the use of these diagonal lines: if the piano knobs are arranged in the direction of these diagonal lines passing through the mark points, the string knobs will look neat and beautiful. Of course, you can also twist your piano knob to please Picasso's aesthetic feeling. On the premise of realizing the function-or even if the function is abnormal-this is a freedom that DIYer should enjoy!
● On this side of the fingerboard, there are six vacant holes that are at a loss. When looking forward to the string column ...
3.2 string button
● When drilling the guide hole for the screw of the piano knob, you can step on it with the real string button first. This string button in the picture represents that his quintuplets are trying to grasp their life position on the diagonal line. Let's sincerely bless this brave ~ er ~ string button with warm eyes.
● The knobs are whispering with emotion that the sextuplets really all look the same, and industrial production is really good! The screws of the 12 twins show that you are really rare and strange. I'm about to be blocked by a screw, so I can't talk, and I'm inhaling deeply.
3.3 Pin Silk and Pin Silk Slot
● This is how I hit the pin silk slot with the air of waving a power tool. In the picture, the grinding wheel piece that rotates until the face can't be seen clearly-if it has a face-was originally used to grind metal, but it should not be a big problem to borrow its edge with just the right thickness to make grooves according to the planning line. Note that the pulling direction should be consistent with the rotation direction of the lower edge of the grinding wheel. If the grinding wheel is pulled backwards, it will run out as a wheel. If you don't understand, take two hands to gesture. Remind again to pay attention to safety and be sure to wear goggles!
● Children's shoes without power tools don't need to be depressed. You can slowly grasp the mystery with a saw blade. I have mastered the piano for a long time. Manual tools are a necessary practice for DIYer!
● It's interesting to polish nails, which often reminds me of a fireworks stick on Christmas Eve. In fact, this step is very dangerous. Attention should be paid to: goggles must be worn, nails should be ground along the rotation direction of the grinding wheel, and the action of pestle nails on the grinding wheel with great force has a special term called "stupidity", nails will be very hot when grinding, and it is best to clamp them with a vise.
● On the grinding wheel (voiceover: We are sorry for the messy environment! In the end, we polished 12 nails from the tip to the same length as the width of the fingerboard, and polished the original sharp place so as not to prick our hands. In addition, students who have bench drills have to grind a "milling head" mentioned below.
● Handmade children's shoes, wake up, take out your steel files, call your brothers and sisters, prepare beef jerky and chocolate as wages, and let's get to work!
● See this little iron bar gnawing at the wooden trough in the picture? It is actually a homemade milling head. Use a nail to smooth both ends, grind a little slope at one end to make the cutter head, and make the fixed end at the other end in any way. A milling head that can deepen and widen the previous groove is ready.
● The advantage of using nails as milling heads is that the milled grooves are as wide as nails, so the thread made of nails can be interference fit (because the milled grooves are definitely not as straight as nails! ) set in. Moreover, after the height is fixed with bench drill, if the parallelism between the two sides of wood is relatively high, the 12 grooves milled out are the same depth! one