raising a note by a semitone is called raising. It is indicated by "#" (sharp sign) and is usually written in the upper left part of the note.
As shown in the figure:
The standard note is lowered by a semitone, which is indicated by "B" (flat sign) and is also written in the upper left part of the note.
the rising of the basic tone by a whole tone is called the polyphonic tone, which is indicated by "X" (polyphonic tone), which is related to the mode.
lowering the basic tone to the whole tone is called falling again. It is indicated by "bb" (heavy drop).
to change the sound that has been raised (including re-rising) or lowered (including re-falling) into the original sound, it is indicated by the reduction mark "ヰ". :
rest
In music, there is not only the pitch and the length, but also the pause of the pitch. The symbol indicating sound pause is called rest and marked with "". In layman's terms, it is a symbol that has no sound and no sound.
rests are basically the same as notes, and there are six kinds. However, generally, the added horizontal line is directly replaced by , and every time a is added, the duration of a four-point rest is added.
semitone and whole note
There is a "distance" between notes, which is a relatively computable value. In music, the smallest distance between two adjacent tones is called semitone, and two semitone distances form a whole tone. On the piano, two keyboards closely connected on the piano keyboard constitute a semitone, while two keyboards separated by one keyboard are full tones.
dotted notes
The dotted point is the dot recorded on the right side of the note, which means to increase the duration of the previous note by half. The note with dotted point is called dotted notes.
Rhythm
To master reading music, you must master the rhythm first, and you must be able to beat accurately when practicing the rhythm. The method of slapping is: the hand is half-slapping, the palm is half-slapping, and the next one is a slap.
Reference:
A brief introduction to Baidu Encyclopedia.