The clapper board can be divided into three types: drum board, book board and falling board; drum board is mostly used in instrumental ensembles, while book board and falling board are mostly used in rap art.
The clapper can be made of rosewood, mahogany, rosewood or other hardwoods. The wood must be dry and must not be cracked or decayed. The board has no fixed pitch, the pronunciation is short, the sound is solid and loud, and has strong penetrating power. If it is made of wood with carved and rotated patterns, the pronunciation will be crisper and brighter.
According to the scope of application, clapper boards are generally divided into three types: drum boards, book boards and falling boards.
Drum board: so named because it is often used in conjunction with the board drum. It consists of 3 boards, each board is 27 cm long, 5.9 cm wide at the top, 6.7 cm wide at the bottom, and 0.8 to 0.9 cm thick. The middle plate is slightly thicker and both sides are flat. The cover and bottom plates are slightly thinner, with one side ridged in the middle. The flat surface of the cover plate and the middle plate are wrapped with silk strings at both ends and merged into one. When percussing, hold the base plate with your left hand so that it collides with the first two plates to produce the sound. The middle of the bottom plate is raised, and the lower hitting part is shaped like a person's upper lip, hence the name "ban lip", which is the key to the pitch, width, and brightness of the pronunciation. The drum board is often used in the accompaniment of local dramas such as Peking Opera, Kunqu Opera, and Yue Opera, and in instrumental ensembles such as Jiangnan Silk and Bamboo, Sunan Wind and Dra, Fujian Nanyin, Shifan Luo and Drum, and Shanxi Batao. It is one of the main rhythm instruments and is often used on the downbeat of music. percussion.
Book board: There are two sizes, the length is 18 (large) and 14 (small) centimeters, the top width is 3.4 centimeters, the bottom width is 4 centimeters, and the thickness is 0.7 centimeters.
Chukban: also known as "Jianban" or "Jianzi". Consists of two rectangular wooden sticks. It is 27 centimeters long and 2.2 centimeters wide. The top of the board is bulging and arched, and its thickest part is 2 centimeters. When playing, hold the stick in your left hand and hit each other to make sounds. Popular in the Henan area, it is an important percussion instrument for the Henan pendulum. It is played and sung by the actors themselves.
The book board and the falling board are specially designed to accompany folk art and rap, and play the role of beat.
Bangzi: folk percussion instrument. Around the 17th century, Bangzi tune became popular with the rise of Bangzi tune. It was widely spread throughout my country and was used in opera music, rap music and folk instrumental ensembles. Li Tiaoyuan of the Qing Dynasty wrote in his "Drama Theory": "The bang is used as the board, and the Yue Qin responds to it, and there is also tension and slowness. The common people call it Bangzi tune, and Shu calls it random playing." Bangzi tune gets its name from the use of bangzi to beat the music. It is also often used in some folk instrumental ensembles and folk art accompaniments, and is widely popular in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other places. There are two types of clappers. One is the wooden stick type, which consists of two hardwood sticks of different lengths. The longer one is round and the shorter one is rectangular. When playing, the left hand holds the square and the right hand holds the round hardwood holder, which are played with each other to produce sounds. The sound is high-pitched and solid. It is the main accompaniment instrument of Bangzi Opera. The other type is the square-frame type, popular in southern my country. It is a rectangular southern clapper, hollow, and is struck with reed sticks and bamboo sticks. It is mostly used in ensemble bands. The pronunciation is soft, and it mainly matches the percussion rhythm of the music.
Nan Bangzi, also known as Buyu and Guangdong Ban. "Tongkao of Xuwen of the Qing Dynasty": "The purpose of fortune-telling fish is to beat the drum or act as a clapper, and it is also a festival instrument in the south." It is a rectangular wooden hollow body, 23 cm to 24.5 cm long, 9 cm wide, 6 cm thick, with a middle It is a rectangular sound hole with long narrow slits on both sides, and the inner cavity becomes gradually larger. It is better to use rosewood.
When playing, hold the bang in your left hand and a bamboo stick or wooden hammer in your right hand to strike. The pronunciation is short, round and popular in southern my country. It was originally used in Cantonese opera accompaniment and Guangdong music performances, and later also in Peking opera bands. It is hung horizontally on the bracket of the bangu and is struck with drum arrows, accompanied by high plectrum singing. In addition to playing downbeats in opera accompaniment and instrumental ensembles, it can also be used to express the sound of horse hooves.