Detailed explanation of the classification of percussion

Percussion is one of the classification names of musical instruments. All musical instruments (except stringed instruments) that produce sound by hitting or percussion are collectively called percussion instruments (instruments). So do you know what are the classifications of percussion instruments? Below I will introduce the classifications of percussion instruments in detail, come and follow me!

(1) Classification of percussion instruments

Category 1:

According to their different pronunciations, they can be divided into:

1. Ringing copper, such as: large and small gongs, Mang (with gold beside) gongs, cloud gongs, large, Small cymbals, bells, etc.;

2. Sound wood, such as: board, clapper, wooden fish, etc.;

3. Leather, such as: large and small drums, plate drums, row drums, Elephant foot drum etc.

Classification 2:

Ethnic percussion can be divided into two types: those with fixed pitch and those without fixed pitch. Those with fixed pitches include: pitched drums, row drums, cloud gongs, etc. Those without fixed pitches such as: large and small drums, large and small gongs, large and small cymbals, boards, bangs, bells, etc.

(2) Characteristics of percussion instruments

Percussion in my country The musical instruments have certain national characteristics. They are not only rhythmic instruments, but also each group of percussion groups can play independently, which plays a very important role in setting off the music content, dramatic plot and enhancing the expressive power of the music. National percussion instruments are also often used in Western orchestras in my country.

(3) Introduction to percussion instruments

1: Ping bell

(1) The origin of the plink bell: As a national musical instrument, the plink bell is also It is called a bell or a star.

(2) The structural composition of the bell: the bell is shaped like a small bowl, made of copper, two in a pair, and has no fixed pitch.

(3) How to play the bell:

The tone of the bell is crisp and sweet, and the sound is penetrating. It is mostly used for instrumental ensembles or as accompaniment for opera, singing and dancing. Often played with beautiful and lyrical tunes, it is a colorful and rhythmic instrument.

2: Bangu

(1) The origin of the bangu: As a national musical instrument, the bangu is also called skin drum, single skin or dry drum.

(2) The structure of the pan drum: The drum frame of the pan drum is made of thick wood, with one side covered with leather and no fixed pitch.

(3) Bangu performance form:

Bangu is often used as a dramatic accompaniment and plays the role of conducting the band. In addition to beating the beats and adding atmosphere to the singing, the bangu also often uses different drum beats to match the actors' movements and highlight the characters' expressions. The bangu can also be played solo in a drum ensemble.

3: Tanggu

(1): The origin of Tanggu: As a national musical instrument, Tanggu is also called a big drum.

(2): The structure of the Tanggu: The drum frame of the Tanggu is made of wood and covered with leather on both sides.

(3): The performance form of Tanggu:

Tanggu is a commonly used musical instrument in modern ethnic instrumental ensembles and opera music. When playing, place the drum on a wooden stand and hit it with a pair of wooden mallets. Because the drum surface is larger, different pitches and timbres can be emitted from the center to the rim of the drum. The sound at the center of the drum is lower, and the sound becomes higher toward the edge of the drum. When playing, the volume can change from very weak to very strong, and the intensity changes greatly. It can strike complex patterns and play a greater role in rendering emotions and atmosphere.

4: Cylinder drum, timpani cylinder drum

(1) The origin of the cylinder drum: As a national musical instrument, the cylinder drum is shaped like a flowerpot, so it is also called flowerpot drum.

(2) The structure of the cylinder drum:

The drum frame of the cylinder drum is made of wood. The drum body is larger and the lower part is smaller. It is covered with leather on both sides and is shaped like a flower pot. After liberation, the cylinder drum absorbed the structural characteristics of Western timpani and was transformed into a timpani cylinder drum. Some are equipped with eight telescopic screws around them to adjust the tension of the drum skin to achieve a certain pitch. The drum body is placed on a rotatable iron stand. The rotation of the drum body can be used to fine-tune the pitch of the sound.

In addition, there is a pedal on the underside of the iron frame, which can be used to raise or lower the pitch by five degrees. When playing, several tuning methods are often combined and used according to the needs of the music.

(3) How to play the cylinder drum:

The technique of playing cylinder drum is roughly the same as that of the tanggu, which is struck with double wooden mallets. The timbre is softer than that of Tanggu, and it is often used as accompaniment for operas, instrumental ensembles, and sometimes as a soloist. Timpani drums are divided into three types: large, medium and small. They can be played alone or several at the same time. Timpani drums can be played using Western timpani techniques, in addition to bass drum playing techniques. Timpani drums are often used in ensembles.

5: Bronze Drum

(1) The origin of Bronze Drum:

Bronze Drum is popular among ethnic minorities in Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hunan and other ethnic groups. Regional percussion instruments. The appearance of bronze drums dates back to the late Spring and Autumn Period, and records of bronze drums have been common since the Han Dynasty. Bronze drums are popular in ethnic minority areas in the southwest, so many bronze drums have been preserved.

(2) The structure of the bronze drum: the bronze drum is entirely made of copper, with a hollow cavity and no bottom. There are Dong ring ears on both sides. Both the drum head and drum body are engraved with exquisite patterns.

(3) Bronze drum performance form: Bronze drum is often used alone as a dance accompaniment instrument for ethnic minorities, and the sound of the bronze drum is low and deep.

6: Korean Janggu

(1) The origin of Korean Janggu: Korean Janggu is called Janggu for short and has distinctive national characteristics.

(2 )The composition and structure of the Korean Janggu:

The drum shell of the Korean Janggu is made of wood, with two large ends and a small one in the middle, and both ends are covered with leather. Long drums have no fixed pitch. When playing, hang the drum across your chest or place it on a wooden stand. Beat the drum with your left hand and perform percussion with your right hand.

(3) The performance form of the Korean janggu:

The janggu has a low volume but a soft tone, and is often used to express light and joyful emotions. Long drums are mostly used in dances and are played by dancers while dancing. They can also be used as rhythm instruments in ensembles.

7: Big gong, small gong

(1) The origin of gong: As a Chinese national musical instrument, gong is divided into big gong and small gong.

(2) The structure of the gong:

The large gong is round in shape, with a larger surface and is made of copper. There are many popular types in various places, among which Jing gong and Su gong are the two most commonly used ones. The gong has no fixed pitch. Xiao gong is also called hand gong, Jing Xiao gong, etc. It is also round and made of copper, but its surface is smaller, so it is called a small gong. No fixed pitch. The small gong is struck with thin wooden pieces, and the playing method is roughly the same as that of the large gong.

(3) Gong performance form:

The big gong has a loud and rough sound, which can be used to enhance the atmosphere and enhance the rhythm. It is often used in instrumental ensembles or opera accompaniments. The sound of the small gong is soft and clear. In the accompaniment of operas, various playing methods are often used to match the movements of the actors and enhance the atmosphere.

8: Yun Gong

(1) The origin of Yun Gong: Yun Gong is one of the ancient national musical instruments in China.

(2) The composition and structure of Yun Gong: Yun Gong is composed of several small gongs with different pitches.

(3) The performance form of Yunluo:

Yunluo can play melody and can also be used as accompaniment of various rhythms. In the band performance, the Yun Luo can be used as a cadenza solo to achieve a strong and brilliant sound effect.