Hu Xuan, a song and dance from the Western Regions, spread to the palace and became popular in Chang'an. Why bother to play music at the Qionglin Banquet? You can hear orchestra music everywhere in the city.
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the culture of the Western Regions included religions (such as Nestorianism and Zoroastrianism), clothing (such as Hufu with narrow lapels and narrow sleeves), food (such as Hufu cakes, sesame cakes), paintings, songs and dances, music and musical instruments, etc. Together they were introduced to Chang'an. The music mainly includes Qiuci music, Tianzhu music, Shule music, Anguo music, etc. Instrumental dances also became popular. The famous "Hu Teng Dance" comes from the Kingdom of Shi; Liu Yanshi's poem "Watching the Hu Teng at Night in Wang Zhongcheng's Residence": "There are few Hu children in the Kingdom of Shi, and the squatting dancer is as anxious as a bird in front of him." "Li Duan's poem "Hu Teng'er": "Walking around and kicking fast are all in harmony with the festival, with backhands on hips like the moon. "There is also "Hu Xuanwu", which comes from the state of Kang; Bai Juyi's "New Yuefu·Hu Xuannu": "Hu Xuannu came from Kangju. With the sound of a string song, both sleeves are raised, and the snow flutters and dances. Turn left and right without getting tired, and there is no end to the endless twists and turns. ” Among the unearthed tricolor paintings of the Tang Dynasty, there are dancing figures wearing dancing costumes, and in the murals of Tang tombs, there are also images of dancing girls dancing with their arms outstretched.
"Hu Xuan Dance" is a famous northwest ethnic minority dance
In the Tang Dynasty, the Kangju Governor's Palace was set up in the Kingdom of Kang in the Western Regions (today's Samarkand, the Republic of Uzbekistan). Bai Juyi's "Hu Xuannu" - the poem once mentioned that "Hu Xuannu came out of Kangju" and "New Book of Tang·Biography of the Western Regions" also records that at that time, the Kangguo, Shiguo, Miguo, etc. in the Western Regions all sent Huxuannu to the palace. Women's affairs.
In Chang'an City, Hu Xuan dance became popular and became the most popular and fashionable Hu dance at that time. Therefore, "Hu Xuan Dance" was originally a dance with national characteristics introduced from Kangguo and other places. "New Book of Tang Dynasty: Biography of the Western Regions" says: "Kang people, on one day, savage, also known as Sa Jie Jian, the Yuan and Wei Dynasties said that they could build ten thousand catties. It is one hundred and fifty miles away from Shi in the south, more than a hundred miles away from Xicao in the northwest, and more than a hundred miles away from Xicao in the southeast. It belongs to Mibaili, and the north is Zhongcao. It is located in the south of Mishui, with a big city of 30 and a small fort of 300. The king's surname is Wen, and he is from Zhaowu in the north of Qilian. It was conquered by the Turks in the south. "Ling, there is a place for it." According to records, "people in Kang State are addicted to wine and like to sing and dance in Taoism" and are particularly fascinated by Hu Xuanwu.
Bai Juyi wrote a long poem "Hu Xuanwu", which vividly depicts the posture and expression of Hu Xuannu on the paper: Hu Xuannu, Hu Xuannu's heart responds to the strings and her hands respond to the drum. The sound of stringed drums raises both sleeves, and the snow flutters and dances. Turn left and right without getting tired, and there is no end to the endless twists and turns. The world of things is incomparable, the running wheel is slow and the whirlwind is slow. At the end of the song, I thanked the emperor again, and the emperor opened his mouth slightly. Hu Xuannu came out of Kangju and traveled eastward for more than ten thousand miles in vain. .........
The poem says that Hu Xuannu dances rapidly in the sound of drum music, like snowflakes floating in the air, like fluffy grass flying in the wind, even the speeding wheels feel slower than her, and even the rapid whirlwind It is also inferior, spinning left and right, tirelessly, endlessly turning in thousands of circles. She spins so fast that the audience can barely see her face and back. This description highlights the characteristics of "Hu Xuan Wu". Hu Xuan Dance is a folk dance that came from Kangju in the Western Regions. According to research by Qing Dynasty scholar Wei Yuan in "Shengwu Ji": "The nomadic people in the left part of Kazakhstan chased water and grass, which was the ancient Kangju." It can be seen that the "Hu Xuan Dance" described by Bai Juyi is the dance of Kazakh girls with rich national characteristics.
Dancing is about movement, and beauty is about flying because of dancing
Dances in the Tang Dynasty are mainly divided into two types: vigorous dance and soft dance. The vigorous dance mainly expresses the beauty of vigor; the soft dance mainly expresses the beauty of softness. . "Hu Xuan Dance" belongs to health dance. Hu Xuan dance is characterized by light movements, rapid rotation and distinctive rhythm. The Hu Xuan Dance gets its name from the fact that it must spin rapidly and continuously while dancing.