Drug-detection dogs refer to professional dogs that have been specially trained and can, under the command of a police dog handler, search different luggage items in various places and find objects containing drugs. Drug-detecting dogs have long been widely used abroad. With the increasingly serious drug-related crimes in our country, drug-detecting dogs have been widely used in foreign countries. With its unique economical, fast, efficient and accurate work, drug detection dogs have been listed as powerful weapons for drug detection and anti-drug by public security agencies at all levels, customs, border armed police forces and other departments. They have begun to be widely used and have received significant attention. Effect.

1. Selection of drug-detection dogs

The selection of trained drug-detection dogs should be based on the nature of the work of the drug-detection dogs.

(l) The trained dog is required to have an outstanding desire to pick up and play. Concentration, high and long-lasting excitement. Have a strong desire to search for items.

(2) Sensitive sense of smell, perfect vision and hearing, and courage.

(3) Medium size is preferred, not too large, healthy, well-developed, and about 1 year old.

2. Requirements in training

Specially trained drug detection dogs should form a strong and specific conditioned reflex to the smell of drugs (heroin, cocaine, opium, marijuana, etc.). Drug detection dogs should have the ability to search within a certain range and under various environmental conditions. Once a place or item containing drugs is discovered, there will be an obvious reaction.

3. Training equipment

Various bags, various types of vehicles, furniture, and simulated training venues. Drugs (heroin, cocaine, opium, marijuana).

4. Training methods and steps

(1) Establish the dog’s primary conditioned reflex to drugs (relate to the smell of drugs), which is A-level training.

The key to drug detection dog training is to arouse the dog’s interest in items that smell of drugs through picking up and playing games. In other words, during the process of picking up and playing games, the dog is connected with the search for drug smells. together. The specific method is to use the unique smell of drugs to bring the prepared items with drug smell to the dog's nose first, let the dog sniff them, and then take them away. In this way, the dog's desire to possess this item is increased, if the dog is in a state of excitement at this time. Just throw the items with drug smell into the distance. Then let the dog search. At this time, it is a pleasure for the dog to sniff this object.

In order to make the dog have an obvious indication when it finds items with drug smell in the future. In further training, the items with drug smell should be hidden as much as possible, or taken to a farther place, so that the dog can "feel" that hard work is required to achieve the goal. Try to make the dog "understand" as much as possible. In order to provide an obvious "expression", it is not only necessary to have a good sense of smell, but also to have the spirit of actively working hard to sniff for drugs. If the dog finds an item that has a drug smell, reward the dog quickly. Fully satisfy your desire for this drug-scented item. This is the best reward for dogs. It should be noted that when training drug detection dogs, it is best not to use food rewards.

As reward items (with the smell of drugs), it is best to use items that have been washed, cooled, and dried, and that dogs prefer to pick up. Such as: towel rolls, hemp sticks, tennis balls and other items. You have to be exposed to the smell of drugs before every training session. The purpose is to cultivate the dog's excitement for searching for drugs. In the future, the items that the dog is asked to search for should be frequently changed. Replace the above items with cans, plastic containers, cartons or other items with holes to prevent the dog from becoming excited about a single item and creating a bad association.

(2) Establish the dog's ability to identify drugs

After the dog has the above-mentioned ability, it can remove items with drug smell or without drug smell, but in shape. Several identical items are hidden for dogs to sniff out. If the dog has the wrong bit, or is not sure, you can use an item with a drug smell to let the dog sniff again. The purpose is to make the dog "recognize and remember this smell." When the dog bites the wrong bit, the handler should calmly stop the dog from biting.

In this case, you must not give the "no" command to the dog to prevent the dog from picking it up, because then the dog will think that it will not let it pick up any items, causing a bad association.

If the dog ignores items that do not smell like drugs, but is only interested in items that smell like drugs, then this training has achieved its purpose. This kind of discriminative training is of great significance to the dog's search trial training.

In actual training, drugs or items with drug smell---the desired object. Hide it well and don't let the dog get it directly. Then when the dog is sniffing for drugs, it will "express" it to the handler in a dog-specific way. After a dog sniffs out drugs, there are mainly the following ways to express it: using its front paws to "pick"; using its mouth to "hold"; and "barking" to express it. At this time, the dog is very excited because the dog "knows" that its search has achieved its purpose and was successful. At this time, the trainer should appear very happy. Give the dog sufficient reinforcement, throw out drug-scented items that the dog likes, and let the dog pick them up, and play with the dog.

At this stage, it should be noted that the training venue should be changed frequently, from open air to indoor, or from indoor to outdoor. The trainer should make the decision based on the situation of the dog he is training. It is necessary to cultivate the ability of dogs to search transportation vehicles, such as cars, ships and similar environments. In a closed environment or in an open-air environment, where the temperature is high, the smell of drugs is stronger. On the contrary, when the temperature is low, the smell of drugs is less. Therefore, the trainer should provide help to the dog according to the situation.

(3) From the trainer hiding the desired object to the assistant trainer hiding it and cultivating the dog's ability to search for drugs in a more complex environment

Training at this stage , trainers should try their best not to come into contact with drugs or items that contain drug smells. Although the dog will inevitably come into contact with the object (with the smell of drugs) when the handler removes the dog reward object from the dog's mouth after the search, it should not be held in the hand for too long. Because for drug detection dogs, drugs are special items and cannot be smelled at any time. The purpose of having an assistant handler hide drugs during training is to improve the handler's guidance ability and the dog's working ability. It is also to reduce the incorrect influence of the trainer on the dog so as to train the dog's ability to work independently.

Training in more complex environments, such as searches of buildings, vehicles, warehouses, etc., should be based on the search method from the outside to the inside. That is to say, after the perimeter search is completed, then Search inside. During training, assistant trainers and trainers must work closely together. Training should be carried out purposefully and planned according to the actual situation of each dog. Make sure the dog succeeds every time and don't let failure and success alternate frequently. If so, the dog won't know how to do it. Searches of vehicles, buildings, and warehouses will bring difficulties to the dog's search work because there are more people coming and going in these places and the atmosphere is more complicated. Through training in this environment, the dog can be trained to resist interference and environmental impact. ability and lay a good foundation for future practical work.

(4) Training in the actual combat stage

In this stage of training, the dog must be subjected to the interference of various additional substances and the influence of the external environment, and the drug detection dog must be able to Become familiar with the distractions and influences exerted on your dog during these specialized training sessions. For example: restaurants, hotels, there are noisy people in restaurants and hotels, and there are all kinds of pop music, especially the air is filled with strong smells of smoke, coffee, alcohol, stolen goods, etc., which may be harmful to the search work of dogs. bring very adverse effects.

As drug traffickers continue to become smarter and drug trafficking methods continue to change, the number of searches in residential and public places has increased significantly. Tenants (suspects) in public accommodations deliberately feed some animals. For example, cats, dogs, rabbits, chickens, horses and other small animals can interfere with or divert the attention of drug detection dogs and interfere with the normal progress of anti-drug work.

In addition, drug searches can also be carried out in the luggage check-in hall and the luggage lockers of the train station. It must be noted here that due to the strong noise and strong noise of a large number of passengers and pedestrians in the waiting room of the train station, Noise interference makes it very difficult for dogs to search for drugs.

Therefore, only through multiple times of training that is close to actual combat can the dog achieve satisfactory results in search training.

Therefore, when we set difficult problems for dogs during training, we cannot arbitrarily and unconditionally exceed the normal training capabilities of drug detection dogs. However, we must take into account when formulating training plans and implementing training. Conduct targeted training for the dog’s future use and related places.

In close to actual combat training, because there are no hidden drugs in the search targets, there will be quite a few things that have to interrupt the work of drug detection dogs. It is impossible for drug detection dogs to understand these. Drug detection dogs The dog's working ability can only be maintained when the trainer recognizes this situation, provides the dog with certain help, and achieves results. Therefore, when encountering this situation, after conducting an ineffective search, you should consciously hide a drug bag and let the dog search it, in order to satisfy the dog's desire to obtain it. That is to say: the use of drug-detection dogs is the same as training. During each search, a training drug must be hidden for the dog to search without the dog paying attention, so as to cultivate the drug-detection dog's confidence in successful searches and gain the trainer's confidence. award.

------------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------