What qualities and skills should Chinese music therapists possess

Shanghai Chen Yinan

Music therapists who call in and out play a decisive role in Chinese music therapy effect. However, music therapy is a planned, affectionate, frank and trusting field relationship between a trained and socially recognized therapist and the client. In the role of this field, the therapist uses communication methods such as music and music skills training to reduce the pain or various uncomfortable symptoms of the client, achieving unexpected effects from other consultation and treatment methods.

Since I have been a professional piano teacher for many years, in addition to the professional basic study of music, I also received formal pedagogy, psychology subject system and psychological counselor training and education, and mastered and accumulated a certain amount of clinical consultation. Clinical counselors who train cases. The author believes that music therapists should be music workers with certain medical knowledge, or psychological counselors with certain practical experience and basic music theory. Music therapists are the operators of music therapy. They are not only the clients' good doctors, but also the clients' friends and teachers. The treatment level of a music therapist is directly related to the mental health of the client. If the music therapist can master a higher level of music therapy knowledge, can appropriately select and apply treatment methods and techniques, and can obtain the support and cooperation of the client, the effect of music therapy will be ideal and the expected treatment can be achieved. Target.

After years of music teaching practice and clinical psychology training, case studies have shown that there are two very important aspects of music therapy work for music therapists; one is the medical ethics requirement, and the other is the professional approach. West's request.

In both Western and German medicine, music therapists, like medical workers in other disciplines or psychological counselors and psychotherapists, should possess socially recognized noble medical, educational, and social ethics. They should have the lofty moral realm of being selfless and wholeheartedly serving the physical and mental health of visitors. They should also fully implement the principle of "saving lives and healing the wounded, preventing and treating diseases" in their consultation and treatment work. Today, as the medical model changes to the medical psychological model, music therapists should establish a mutually respectful, caring and considerate "medical visit" relationship with their clients.

In terms of business, music therapists should master the knowledge of music therapy and be able to apply it in practice. The content of music therapy knowledge has both theoretical basis and practical experience. Music therapists should fully master this knowledge and not be partial to any one aspect. In particular, they should understand the basic theories of music therapy and psychology, as well as It is to actively participate in various music therapy or music therapy learning and training classes (such as Gao Tian's music therapist training class at the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing, etc.) so that the practice of music therapy can achieve greater development.

The knowledge, ability and technical level of the music therapist are directly related to the therapeutic effect and recovery of the client. As a music therapist, in addition to daily music therapy work, you must also carry out music therapy publicity, promotion, teaching and scientific research work and voluntary consulting activities. Currently, such talents are in short supply. Therefore, it is very important and urgent to cultivate a large number of music therapists that society urgently needs and improve their professional level. With the backbone of professional music therapists, the music therapy industry will achieve greater development.

As for the basic qualities that Chinese music therapists should possess at present, the author believes that there are the following aspects;

The first is the foundation of music

1. Basic music theory and Chinese and foreign music history. (You need to know famous classic works and popular music works)

2. Basic skills in composition and arrangement. (For example, being able to adapt musical works into forms suitable for group singing or simple instrumental solos or ensembles)

3. Folk music and stage performance experience. (The ability to play a national musical instrument well and perform fragments of works)

4. keyboard instrument. (Able to complete intermediate-level piano works and accordion or electronic piano solo repertoire)

5. Guitar and percussion. (Able to play major folk songs and popular music or perform percussion works)

6. Vocal music and its singing. (Able to sing folk songs or popular songs with a more beautiful voice)

7. Orchestral instruments.

(Able to play more than one melodic orchestral instrument and fragments of world famous music)

8. Improvisation. (Able to use keyboard instruments or guitars to change the main melody or harmony accompaniment)

9. command. (Able to direct group singing, chorus or simple instrumental ensemble)

10. Dance movement and coordination. (Be able to express simple thoughts and coordinate training abilities through one's own movements or dance)

Second is the clinical basis

1. Understand the symptoms of mild mental disorders and mental illnesses: such as Early assessment and diagnosis of anxiety, depression, terror, paranoia and other mental disorders as well as schizophrenia, affective psychosis, reactive psychosis, hysteria, etc., as well as psychological consultation during the recovery period. Music therapy can be used as an auxiliary therapy for the rest and psychotherapy of patients with mental illness.

2. Understand the characteristics and theoretical basis of neurosis: the psychology of neurasthenia, anxiety disorder, phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, hypochondriasis, and depression

Consultation and treatment, and mastering behavior The theory and practice of disorders and music therapy technology can cheer up patients in a depressed state, relieve patients in an unstable state, and put the human body into a relaxed state. (The focus is on understanding and mastering the causes, symptoms, assessment, and diagnosis of various behavioral disorders)

3. Understand the psychological counseling models of personality disorders: paranoid, defective, schizotypal, delusional, and obsessive-compulsive. , circulatory type, hysterical type,

Correction of antisocial, avoidant, dependent, passive-aggressive, and borderline personality disorders. Study theory and practice in personality disorders. (Focus on understanding the theories and clinical symptoms of various abnormal psychology)

4. Understand psychosomatic diseases: such as essential hypertension, coronary heart disease, asthma, peptic ulcer, diabetes, migraine, idiopathic Psychological adjustment for psychosomatic diseases such as deafness,

primary glaucoma, and cancer. As an auxiliary therapy for functional training of people with physical disabilities, wind music can be played to correct lip deformities and abnormal tooth alignment.

5. Understand psychological counseling for chronic diseases and disabilities: psychological adjustment of various chronic diseases, psychological adjustment of patients and families, and role adaptation.

Psychological behavioral training and correction for intellectual disabilities, physical disabilities, sensory disabilities, and mental disabilities. Sexual disorders: premature ejaculation, impotence, difficulty in ejaculation, anhedonia, anorexia, orgasmic dysfunction, homosexuality, sexual perversion, etc.

6. For children with severe psychosomatic disorders, through playing and listening, use its rhythm and vibrating melody as an auxiliary practice method for psychosomatic function training; use harmonica and singing vocal exercises to achieve vocalization The purpose of therapy is to have a very good therapeutic effect. Practice has proven that emotional education for young children and primary school students is one of the main purposes of music education and music therapy.

7. Understand the consultation on developmental psychology: such as eugenics and nurturing, content related to music prenatal education, early education of infants and young children, etc. Child psychological counseling, children's early intellectual development, psychological and behavioral problems in children's development, children's emotional disorders and conduct disorders. Adolescent psychological counseling, physical and mental development in adolescence, social maladaptation, sexual and psychological confusion, male-female interactions, puppy love, and emotional disorders, etc. It is about young people’s education, career choice, spouse selection and interpersonal adjustment, the conflict between achievement motivation, self-realization and realistic conditions, the conflict between independence and dependence, love psychology, etc. Middle-aged psychological counseling, adaptation to work and family load, interpersonal relationships, emotional disorders, children's education, family structure adjustment, extramarital affairs, disharmony in sexual life and menopausal syndrome, etc. Psychological counseling for the elderly, re-adaptation to social roles, psychological adjustment of "empty nest" families, family relationships, aging, widowhood, etc., threats of disease and death, etc.

8. Understand social psychological counseling: such as interpersonal psychological counseling, interpersonal communication disorders, interpersonal relationship processing problems, social role playing, training, etc. Marriage and love psychological counseling, spouse selection psychology, social conflicts in love, unrequited love, lovelorn love, love triangles, husband and wife role adjustment, extramarital affairs, divorce, remarriage, sexual life adjustment, etc. Family psychological consultation, role adaptation of family members, children's education, housekeeping, elder-child relationship, husband-wife harmony, etc. Psychological counseling for study and employment, school adaptation, learning difficulties, psychological issues to improve learning efficiency, test anxiety, psychological quality and career choice, ability, interest analysis, career orientation, etc.

Psychological counseling for bad behaviors, adjustment of bad ways of doing things, sleep disorders, alcoholism, gambling, drug addiction, drug abuse, transitional medical treatment, anorexia, bulimia, etc. Psychosexual counseling, sexual role training, sexual relationship adjustment, sex education, sex guidance, etc. Judicial criminal psychological consultation, criminal motivation, criminal psychology, criminal rehabilitation psychology, judicial psychiatric examination, victim psychology, witness psychology, etc.

9. Understand the dynamics related to psychologists and music therapy: Understand the dynamics and process of the relationship between psychotherapists and clients, understand the methods and techniques of individual and

group music therapy, Understand the similarities and differences between music therapists' therapeutic techniques and other techniques.

10. Understand the relationship between psychological counseling and music therapy: be able to gain insight into the client's inner world through observation, and actively play a role in individual therapy and group music therapy, especially master the use of psychological counseling and application The technical essentials of music therapy to achieve the initial therapeutic purpose.

Finally, the foundation and technology of music therapy

1. Foundations and Principles: Understand the psychological and physiological characteristics of musical behavior and experience, including music and emotion, the influence of music on behavior, the physiological effects of music, the perception of music, the psychodynamic characteristics of musical behavior, musical learning and development, and creativity.

2. Client Assessment: Ability to select, design, and implement effective methods to evaluate patients' effects and problems through music therapy, and identify clients' treatment needs.

3． Treatment Planning: Be able to identify the basic needs of clients in music therapy and develop music therapy plans for individual and group therapy based on the long-term goals and short-term goals adopted.

4. Implementing Therapy: Ability to create an environment conducive to therapy and to select, design, and alter musical materials to fit the requirements of the therapy plan. During the treatment process, the client can interact with music through improvisation and allow the client to experience music according to the client's needs.

5. Treatment evaluation: The ability to recognize meaningful changes and patterns in the client's treatment response and use the discovered material as a basis for judging next steps in treatment arrangements.

6. Ending treatment: Ability to determine the appropriate time to end treatment and prepare clients for this.

7． Communicate treatment situation: Able to verbally communicate the patient's further situation with the client, parents or family members and other relevant personnel, and be able to write professional reports in an accurate, concise and appropriate manner.

8. Coordination with other therapeutic activities: Able to determine the role of music therapy in the client's overall psychotherapy or other treatment plans, and coordinate music therapy with other therapeutic activities.

9. Management skills: Ability to manage consulting studio (ward) or music therapy room.

10． Ethics and regulations: Comply with medical ethics and regulations in the psychological counseling and music therapy industries.