Art Deco is a movement in decorative arts, but it also influenced the style of architectural design. Its name comes from the Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs held in Paris in 1925. et Industriels Modernes). When it became the main art style in Europe in the early 1920s, it was not popular in the United States. It was not popular in the United States until about 1928, just before the 1930s when modernism became popular. Although the term Art Deco was used in 1925 Created as a fair, but not widely used until its re-evaluation in the 1960s, its practitioners did not collaborate as a unified design community. It was considered eclectic, influenced by a variety of sources. 19 The European and American design innovation movement in the 1920s and 1930s. Driven by the rapid development of large industry and the increasingly prosperous commerce, European and American industrial design gradually matured. The new art design movement, which still often lingers on handicraft production, has been unable to adapt to the general trend. Requirements for mechanized production. Designers from various countries, led by France, have affirmed mechanical production from a new height and conducted new explorations into the formal beauty and decorative beauty of modern buildings and various industrial products using new materials and new technologies, which involve The scope mainly includes the design of architecture, furniture, ceramics, glass, textiles, clothing, jewelry, etc., and strives to make industrial products more beautified while maintaining mechanized production. Paris is the birthplace and center of the Art Deco movement, in 1925 The Decorative Art Exhibition was held in Paris in 2001, and the Art Deco movement got its name and set off a craze in European and American countries. It was influenced by the emerging modern art, the stage art of Russian ballet, the automobile industry and popular culture, and its design forms were diverse. The style is diverse, but still has a unified style, such as focusing on expressing the texture and luster of materials; using geometric shapes or folding lines for decoration in styling design; emphasizing the use of bright solid colors, contrasting colors and metallic colors in color design, creating a strong, gorgeous The visual impression of France. In France, the Art Deco movement brought great development to French clothing and jewelry design, and posters and advertising design in graphic design also reached a high level. Eileen Gray's interior and furniture design brought rich oriental Emotional luxury decorative materials are perfectly combined with clear-structured steel tube furniture. In the United States, the Art Deco movement was influenced by popular culture such as Broadway singing and dancing, jazz music, and Hollywood movies, as well as by the booming automobile industry and strong business atmosphere. It formed a unique American decorative style and a commercial design style that pursues formal expression. They started in New York, gradually expanded from the East Coast to the West Coast, and derived the Hollywood style. It is especially outstanding in architecture, interior, furniture, decorative painting, etc. The Empire State Building and the Rockefeller Building in New York all show typical American decorative art styles in their overall appearance, interior, murals, furniture and tableware. The architectural design of the Coca-Cola Company Building in Los Angeles shows an automotive style. Streamlined form. The American decorative style was spread to Europe in the 1930s, enriching the European decorative art style. In the UK, the decorative art style began in the late 1820s, and was prominently displayed in the interior design and decoration of large public places. The packaging of popular commodities (soap boxes, talcum powder boxes, etc.). The rooms, banquet halls, corridors and balconies of the Claridge's Hotel in London, and a large number of cinemas built by the Odeon Film Chain Company, etc., show the British Art Deco style and Hollywood The combination of styles. The combination of Eastern and Western art styles, the combination of human touch and mechanical beauty shown in the Art Deco movement regained the attention of postmodern designers in the 1980s. Art Deco movement time: 20th century 1920s to 1930s Location: France, the United States, the United Kingdom, etc. This is a design movement with a special style. It is influenced by modernism in terms of the use of materials and the form of design, but it emphasizes serving the powerful in terms of color, which is incompatible with the stance of modernism. Contradiction is the attempted design technique of the last decorative movement in the 20th century 1 Combination of Eastern and Western characteristics 2 What factors influence the combination of humanization and mechanization in form? 1 Reference to ancient decorative styles such as Egypt 2 Influence of primitive art 3 Simple geometric forms 4 dance

The influence of Taiwanese art 5 The influence of American jazz music 6 The influence of automobiles 7 Formation of a unique color series (bright red, bright blue, orange, red, metallic) What are the design characteristics of graphic design such as paintings, posters, flower arrangements? Theme: luxury form of the upper class: bright colors Clear lines, decorative compositions, extensive use of zigzag lines and angled surfaces, and abstract colors. Postmodernism is a design movement that emerged in the 1970s in the West. It first appeared in the field of architecture and was formed in the United States. It soon spread to After more than 30 years of development, Europe and Japan have gradually formed their own systems and theoretical foundations, and have spread from the field of architecture to other design fields, especially industrial design. According to various descriptions and debates, postmodernism There is no strict definition, which includes a variety of different and even diametrically opposed concepts, schools, and style characteristics. It seems to be a hodgepodge, but one thing is certain, that is, they are all inevitable for the development of Western industrial civilization into the post-industrial era. Products are all produced from the criticism and reflection of modernism, and are reaction or revision of modernism. The first British architectural critic to introduce postmodernism into the field of design was Charles Jenks, who was Recognized as a defender of postmodernism; the first to declare war on modernism was the American architect Robert Venturi. In 1966, Robert Venturi published his "Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture" (Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture), in the book, Robert Venturi first affirmed the contribution of modernism to design, and then boldly put forward a different point of view from modernism, on the international concept of modernism. The Internationalist style was ruthlessly criticized and considered to be "another landmark and important work after Le Corbusier's "Towards a New Architecture" in 1923." Venturi pointed out that the Internationalist style has come to The end has become a shackle for designers to exert their talents. They must find a new design idea that is different from modernism to meet the diverse needs of social life, abandon the unity and exclusivity of internationalist style, and create architectural complexity. and contradictory system, his remarks and propositions played a role as a beacon in inspiring and promoting the movement of postmodernism. In 1977, Charles Jencks published "Postmodern Architectural Language" Define postmodernism: “A postmodernist building expresses itself in at least two ways at the same time: on the one hand, to other buildings and to a small group of people who care about a specific architectural art language; on the other hand, to the general public "The public and local residents are very interested in comfortable traditional housing forms and certain lifestyle issues." In other words, the "eclectic" and popular nature can be understood and accepted not only from a professional perspective but also from a public perspective. and pluralism. Later, in the 1980s, Charles Jenks published a book called "What is Postmodernism?" and further defined postmodernism as double decoding: "The combination of modern technology and something else, So that architecture can speak to the public and a relevant minority (usually other architects)." And pointed out that only a mixed language with this "double decoding" can be accepted by a wider range of people of various cultural levels. What's more, Charles Jenks used the bombing of the Paruit Igo apartment complex designed by the Japanese modernist designer Yamasaki as a symbol to declare that modernism was dead, further stimulating the postmodern design movement. The development of postmodernism theoretically paved the way for postmodernism. Another American architect, Robert Stern, also criticized postmodernism after criticizing the International Style of modernism. Discussion, in his book "After the Modernism Movement" he proposed that "the so-called postmodernism is a new aspect of modernism. It does not mean abandoning modernism. The way for architecture to return to 'normal' lies in exploring a path better than modernism. A more implicit approach advocated by the pioneers of the movement." and defined postmodernism as three characteristics: contextualism, allusionism and ornamentalism. The teachings of the above three masters constitute postmodern

However, from their respective viewpoints, there are still considerable differences in the description and understanding of postmodernism. Venturi and Jenks basically hold a negative attitude towards modernism, while Stern It is a revisionary attitude towards modernism. Among the three, Venturi made the greatest contribution to the development of postmodernism. It was he who provided a relatively complete guiding ideology for the development of postmodernism.

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