Zen is indescribable, as incomprehensible as poetry. Whether you recite it or not, if you understand it, you will be in the clear joy in the great silence. If you don’t understand it, you will be like a world of mortals, and the flowers will gradually enchant your eyes. From the beginning of Bodhidharma to the rise of the Sixth Patriarch, Tang poetry has been inevitably infiltrated with the Buddhist Zen mind. The Zen mind enters poetry, which is particularly light, distant, comfortable and slow. Those who are best at describing this kind of Zen mind in poetry , it must be Wang Wei.

Wang Wei’s stillness and emptiness are not empty. On the contrary, his emptiness is exactly the nothingness extracted from the ten feet of soft red. Let us focus on his youth, the youth of poetry is just right.

One of the young men's journeys

There are ten thousand wine fights in Xinfeng, and there are many years of wandering in Xianyang.

When we meet, our spirit will be your drink, and we will tie our horses to the weeping willows of tall buildings.

Yes, Wang Wei has moments like this, when his chest is full of heroic spirit and his dream is cheerful. That was the first time he entered Beijing, and he was the crown jewel of Beijing. His poetry was above all else, as well as calligraphy, painting, and music. He was almost good at the most dazzling glitz in this world. Being young and knowledgeable, it was not difficult for him to be successful in the prosperous age of Kaiyuan. He was promoted to Jinshi and was the guest of princes, generals and ministers. At that time, his poems were full of passion, heroism, and the romantic feelings of a young and plump man. They had the romance of "red beans are born in the southern country", the belief and pursuit of "no hermit in the Holy Age", and even "Mrs. 》:

Don’t let the favor of the present make you forget the kindness of the past.

Looking at the flowers brings tears to my eyes, I can’t help but admire the words of the King of Chu.

Legend has it that Li Xian, King of Ning, had a cake seller’s wife on the left side of his house. She was fair and beautiful, so Li Xian took it as his own and treated her with great favor. A year later, Li Xian asked the cake seller’s wife: “Are you Do you remember the cake seller?" The cake seller's wife remained silent, so King Ning summoned the cake seller to meet his wife. The cake seller's wife looked at the cake seller with tears on her cheeks, as if she was overwhelmed with emotion. At that time, there were more than a dozen people sitting there, all of whom were scribes at that time. Everyone felt very sad and surprised. King Ning Li Xian asked everyone to compose poems. Wang Wei was present and the first to compose was the poem "Mrs. Xi". So Li Xian released the wife of the cake seller. Wang Wei was twenty years old at the time. He married a poor and humble couple with a subtle and euphemistic poem. When he was famous and prosperous, he did not think about it and would not think about it. He used a small amount of effort to save people. His future, when the dust of this young and frivolous man has disappeared like smoke, who will save him and where will he go.

Wang Wei's youth is exactly the song "Journey to the Peach Blossoms", which starts with "Fishing boats chase the water and love the spring mountains, and peach blossoms on both sides of the strait are surrounded by ancient waters." Stop searching. Beautiful, calm, and long-lasting. At the age of nineteen, he has written like no one before or since. The most important thing when reading carefully lies in his calmness. As expected, there are many heart-wrenching sentences in ancient and modern times. The most difficult thing is calmness.

A trip to Taoyuan

Fishing boats chase the water and love the spring mountains, and the peach blossoms on both sides of the strait are sandwiched between Gujin.

Sitting and looking at the mangroves, I don’t know how far I am, and I can’t see anyone as far as the green stream.

Sneaking through the mountain pass begins, the mountain opens wide and you can see the flat land.

From a distance, you can see a cloud-filled tree, and when you get close, you can see thousands of scattered flowering bamboos.

The woodcutter first introduced Han names, but the residents did not change their Qin clothes.

The people who live in Wulingyuan also start their fields from outside the things.

The moon is bright, the house is quiet under the pine trees, the sunrise is noisy in the clouds, and the chickens and dogs are noisy.

I was shocked to hear that lay guests were vying to gather and invite them back home to ask about the city.

The flowers bloom in the alleys of Pingming, and fishermen and woodcutters ride in the water at dusk.

At the beginning, he went to the human world to avoid the earth, but when he became an immortal, he did not return.

Who knows that there is someone in the gorge? Looking at Kongyun Mountain in the distance.

There is no doubt that the spiritual realm is difficult to smell and see, and the earthly mind is still homesick for my hometown.

No matter the mountains and rivers separate you from the cave, Cijia will eventually travel for a long time.

I say that I will not lose sight of the past after passing by, and I know that the peaks and valleys will change.

At that time, it was only recorded that it was deep in the mountains, and Qingxi reached Yunlin several times.

When spring comes, peach blossoms and water are everywhere, and I don’t know where to find the source of fairyland.

Wang Wei's poems are deeply loved by nature. Judging from the exquisiteness of every word, he is undoubtedly God's favorite. However, few poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty took the attainment of poetry as their ultimate goal. They were more willing to join the world, learn literary and martial arts, and sell them to the emperor's family. Wang Wei is no exception. Wang Wei was famous for his poetry and was a Jinshi. His first step into becoming an official was smooth. But life is unpredictable, and no one can escape the danger of a blessing in disguise. In the autumn of the same year, Wang Wei encountered an event that had an important impact on him and was demoted to Jeju. According to historical data, whether Wang Wei should be demoted this time or not was a matter of choice. Therefore, regarding being demoted, his resentment and self-abandonment overflowed on the paper: "It is easy to offend a small official, so he was banished to Jichuan Yin.

The ruler must adhere to the law, but a wise ruler has no such intention. The river in Luyan flows upward, and the sea in Jingyi is deep with clouds. Even if there is a day to return, I will be worried about the years on my temples. "At this point, Wang Wei's prosperity is gradually passing, and the wind and frost are approaching.

The ups and downs of life are just like the withering of grass and trees, the blooming and falling of flowers, everything has its time. In this regard, the old master Zhou said, "There are two reasons why flowers bloom and fall." Mojie didn't have much words to say, and the poverty was endless. "There are no couples in a foreign country, and they are solitary guests with children and servants." At this point of loneliness, the twenty-year-old Wang Wei was just describing it. He still thought, "There are no evil trees in the yin, and drinking water will clear the source." ". Even at such a young age, he is already undisturbed. Perhaps only with infinite tolerance can the roots of wisdom be sown deeply. The poems written by Jizhou include allegorical reflections and ethereal divine attributes. Wang Wei at that time had an intuition that he was already a little confused. In the misty atmosphere, try reading this "Send-off Divine Song":

People come to worship in front of the hall, their eyes are attached to the Qiong Banquet

No words are spoken, no meaning is conveyed, it is raining in the evening. The empty mountain is full of sorrow.

The sorrow is overwhelming, the thoughts are numerous, and the spirit is about to spin.

The clouds are gathering and the rain has stopped, and the mountains are green and the water is flowing.

If Wang Wei's early poems are like the spring breeze of flowers and moon, then his poems in the four years of Jeju gradually became more and more stunning, such as "The idle door is closed, the setting sun shines on the autumn grass", which is poetic. The young man who roamed the capital has faded away, and Wang Mojie is done! And then the "falling flowers silently sing, and the people crossing the water with green willows" are just easy to pick up, but they are all as wonderful as the antelopes hanging their horns.

Wang Wei returned from Jeju. If life is like practicing Zen, this is a calamity. However, the official career is impermanent, and it seems to be a collection of impermanent achievements. After a calamity, it is difficult to see a smooth road. If you are in the hub, you will be surrounded by noisy rocks and towering temples. , There is no place for the elegance and clarity of a poet. Zhang Jiuling resigned as prime minister, and Li Linfu took over the power. Even if your heart is in the clouds, you can't live in seclusion, leave your job, and become an official. This ups and downs are still in Hinayana for fifteen years. Shan captured Chang'an, and the poet was captured and served as a pseudo-officer. The barbarians trapped the two capitals as Shura camps. The poet also experienced purgatory. The autumn rain in the troubled times was not enough. It was not enough to see the devastation. Friends came to visit and brought him. The news is even worse. The poet's voice accounts for the poem's composition. "Bodhi Temple forbade Pei Di to come to see him and said that the rebels were waiting for him to make music on the Ningbi Pond. When the worshipers raised their voices, they burst into tears and formed a private slogan to recite to Pei Di": Thousands of households were sad. There is smoke in the wild, when will the officials rise to the sky again, the locust leaves fall in the palace, and the orchestra plays on the blue pond. Looking at this overly long title explaining the cause, it seems to indicate the absurd life, the cause and effect is too long, no one can avoid good and evil. Ups and downs, some people here hurriedly resigned from the temple, while others on the other side couldn't wait to have fun and enjoy the green pond. This was Li Tang's calamity. After this calamity, the city walls were ruined and the gardens were covered with wormwood. After this calamity, the prosperity turned into decline. , at that time, personal fate was like a must, first he was humiliated and false, and then he was imprisoned in humiliation, his relationships were overturned like waves, and catastrophe was like destruction. After fate closed doors one after another, the poet began to enter his heart. /p>

Practicing Zen.

After experiencing fame at a young age, becoming an official, being demoted, being divorced, being imprisoned, and being spared, this precocious man said, "No matter how many sad things happen in life, I will never turn to Buddhism." pin! "Wang Wei's Buddhism is both Buddha and poetry, the white clouds and flowing water in Wangchuan River, and the flourishing and drying of grass and trees.

In the beginning, the poem was poetry, the Buddha was Buddha, and he had the heart to worship Buddha, but his writing was still vulgar. "Li Shiyi, Xin Pei, Xiucai Di, I saw the rain on an autumn night":

The weaving is urgent, and the light clothes are heavy.

Sitting in the high hall in the cold light. Autumn rain hears the sound of the bell.

Bai Fa tunes up the wild elephant, and Xuanyan asks the old dragon.

Who is looking for the trace of the sheep? Mojie, who has Kuangxiang and is also known as the Buddha of Poetry, seeks the Buddha's Dharma. The unfolding of his poems is more like a journey of seeking the Buddha. He has something to seek, something to realize, and something to seek at the end." "Baifa Tune the Crazy Elephant" and "Anzai Chan Controls the Poisonous Dragon." The poisonous dragon and the Crazy Elephant are nothing but inner delusions. As wise as a poet, he naturally knows that praying to the Buddha to meditate on Zen, but ultimately what he meditates on is his own heart. There are white clouds in Wangchuan River, and when I look back at my youth, Those people holding wine glasses and hanging willows tied to their horses, talking about "Old General's Journey" and singing "The Song of Leaving the Fortress", there is no need to ask about the floating clouds of the world. It is better to lie down high and have a meal, which is no longer worth looking back on. Many years later, a decadent literati told us with an extremely luxurious and charming story that the glitz and glamor of the world is nothing but the cry of thousands of beauties and the sorrow of thousands of beauties. It is better to go back to Wangchuan. It's Wang Wei's good work, it's earthly.

Wang Wei said to himself, "In his later years, he just likes to be quiet and doesn't care about anything." The "guan" in Tang poetry is much richer than it is today, such as Li Bai's "He Xu". "Guan" here is the tie, temptation, the most abundant emotion and the indescribable soft connection in the heart.

But Wang Wei said he didn't care about anything.

Reward Zhang Shaofu

In his later years, he just loved to be quiet and didn’t care about anything.

If you have no long-term strategy, you will return to the old forest.

The pine wind blows the belt, and the mountain moon shines on the piano.

You ask the poor to understand the truth, and the fisherman's song goes deep into Pu Shen.

When it comes to Wang Wei, the weather is cold and the mountains are far away. Half a lifetime of wind and frost is enough to wear away all the love of this world. The old forest is empty, the pines are in the wind and the moon is bright. The heart is as calm as water. If you ask for the truth, you will understand. Then he said nothing. Who said, silence, joy.

Wang Wei's Wangchuan River is quiet, even meditative, but its silence is profound. The various conditions in the world come one after another, and only then do we realize that there is no rain on the mountain roads, and the sky is green and the people's clothes are wet. When you come here, you will see mountains and rivers, the ups and downs of life are all ordinary, and the prosperity of vegetation can be found in its place. There is no dust in the heart, and leisure comes naturally. In this world, you sit, lie down and walk, but when you go to a waterless place, you sit and watch the clouds rise. Therefore, we are fortunate to see the peaceful Wang Wei writing the most peaceful poems in the safer Wangchuan River.

"Xinyiwu"

Hibiscus flower

Red calyx in the mountain

There is no one in Jianhu

< p> They opened and fell one after another.

In the Jingji Mountain, flowers bloom all the time, and the red calyx does not bloom or fall because of people. Who said, "Heaven's movement is constant, and it will not survive because of Yao, nor will it perish because of Jie." In Mojie's poems, every flower and tree has this kind of self-control and tranquility. Just like the beginning of Zen Buddhism, Buddha picked up flowers and Kasyapa smiled. So from then on, the wind and clouds disappeared, and I gained an understanding of nature.

Wang Wei is in Wangchuan River, but there is no Wang Wei in Wangchuan River. There, his mind is as calm as Zen, and his pen is like Buddha's eyes. His poems are like the dew on the tip of the grass, the moon in the forest, and the passing of the four seasons. As the flowers and leaves fell, he and Wangchuan looked at each other at peace, unmoved and undisturbed.

Later in history, Zen Master Yaoshan Weiyan was meditating under a tree. Two of his disciples also meditated beside the master, namely Zen Master Yunyan Tansheng and Daowu Yuan. Zen Master Zhi. After the three of them meditated for a while, Zen Master Yaoshan Weiyan suddenly pointed to two nearby trees and said: "This tree is so lush, but the other tree is dry."

< p> Then Zen Master Yaoshan Weiyan turned his head, looked at Zen Master Daowu, and asked him: "Which of these two trees is better, the prosperous ones? Or the dry ones?"

Daowu Yuanzhi The Zen Master replied without hesitation: "Rong is good!"

Zen Master Yaoshan Weiyan asked Zen Master Yunyan Tansheng again, but Zen Master Yunyan replied: "Dry is good!"

At this time, a waiter named Gao happened to come over. Zen Master Yaoshan asked him the same question. The waiter replied: "Let the dry ones wither, and the glorious ones, let them flourish."

"Let the dry ones wither, and let the glorious ones flourish." This is the attitude of Zen, and it is also the attitude of Mojie's poems. No matter whether it is grass or trees or people's hearts, each has its own self-restraint, each has its own Whether it is ourselves or external objects, we wait and see, accept, remain unmoved and undisturbed, and do not take pleasure in things. This is the way of nature.

So Zen is non-attachment. What is Zen?

Be it dust or fallen flowers, it is Mojie gently waving his sleeves, not disturbing the dust, not staining the youth; it is the idle door It doesn’t matter, it’s a busy city, it’s the beginning of the red calyx, the autumn grass is setting, it’s the same as the prosperity and decline, it doesn’t matter.