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Customs and customs of Binzhou

Lu Opera: Around 1870, natural disasters occurred frequently in the Huimin area of ??Shandong Province, located on the lower reaches of the Yellow River, forcing some farmers to start making a living through "art". They learn to sing local popular country tunes and "meditation tunes", and earn a living by selling and begging for food. The more famous ones include Sun Zhongxin and Zhang Lianxin from Boxing County. Later, they absorbed the singing form of "makeup dulcimer", using "falling dulcimer" and "dulcimer" as the main accompaniment instruments, and gradually began to play characters and perform short stories. Then, a band accompaniment of several people was formed, with a simple martial arts and other singing and dancing foundation, the basic characteristics of local operas, and the prototype of Lu opera, which laid the foundation for future rapid development. Xiaolu Opera is deeply loved and welcomed by the local people for its rich local flavor and simple, lively and lively performance characteristics, and the performance team has also continued to grow. At the beginning of the 20th century, the "Shunhe Class", "Yihe Class" and "Qinghe Class" were successively formed. So far, Lu Opera performances have basically formed four major categories: Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou, with more than 10 character types; musically, basic board styles such as "Siping", "Erban" and "Liuishui" and simple gongs and drums have been formed. There are more and more small plays, and there are also some big plays and scripted plays.

At the end of 1951, the People's Government of Boxing County established the "Boxing County People's Lu Opera Troupe" on the basis of the county's amateur troupes. In 1958, the troupe was upgraded to Zibo District, Shandong Province and named "Zibo District Lu Opera Troupe". In 1961, it was placed under the Huimin District and renamed "Huimin District Lu Opera Troupe". It is now known as Binzhou City Lu Opera Troupe. In 2002, Boxing County Lu Opera Troupe was officially established.

Lu Opera is famous for its mellow singing, pungent and authentic dialects and performances with a strong local flavor. It contains a strong rural flavor. Many excellent plays vividly reflect the folk customs of Qilu, and the content is healthy and lively. The opera's lyrics are humorous and have high ideological and artistic qualities. Therefore, it is highly appreciated by both refined and popular people and has become a famous local opera loved by hundreds of millions of people. And created a group of Lu opera performing artists and stage rookies.

The wooden New Year pictures in Qinghe Town originated from Yangliuqing paintings in Tianjin. They were brought to Qinghe Town from Jixian County, Tianjin via Zaoqiang, Hebei Province by Wang Huasan, the founder of the Wang surname. In the following decades, they inspired other paintings in Qinghe Town. After years of development, New Year painting enthusiasts with surnames (such as Zhang, Fan, Zhou, Ji, Cao, etc.) have made it an art form deeply loved by people in northern Shandong. In its heyday, there were more than 60 painting shops, spreading to Gaoqing, Boxing, Zouping, Binzhou, Yangxin, Wudi, Jiyang, Shanghe, Zhangqiu, Yucheng, Cangzhou and other places.

The woodblock New Year pictures of Qinghe Town have been improved with the development of society and scientific progress, and gradually evolved into the overprinting method of woodblock prints, which is divided into processes such as drafting, engraving, black printing, color registration, and color application. It has the characteristics of concise and to-the-point idea, distinct theme, profound meaning, beautiful shape, exaggeration and deformation, concise and smooth lines, solid and powerful or bold and bold. The woodblock New Year pictures in Qinghe Town have bright colors, strong contrast, and harmonious and changeable colors. The painters mostly use red, yellow, green, blue, purple, pink and other color overprints, and pursue local flavor, rich flavor, rough and simple. In its nearly three hundred years of development history, the Qinghe Town woodblock New Year paintings have had an influence all over northern Shandong, and together with other folk and artistic works, they constitute the diversity and diversification of the region's culture.

In 2006, "Qinghe Town Woodblock New Year Pictures" were approved by the Shandong Provincial People's Government to be included in the first batch of "Shandong Provincial Intangible Cultural Heritage List".

The craft of making blue calico has a long history in Binzhou and Boxing areas. It is a skill that integrates life and art. The colors are mainly blue and white, which is fresh, lively, pure and simple. Natural, harmonious, elegant and generous artistic characteristics. Blue calico is a popular fabric among the people and a traditional handicraft in Boxing. It is a must-have item for sewing and wrapping dowries when rural young men and women get married. In addition, blue calico in the old days was also a symbol of a well-off life.

Blue printed cloth is to lay the hollow pattern on the white cloth, use a "trowel" to scrape the anti-dye paste into the pattern gaps and print on the cloth surface. After drying, dip-dye indigo, and then scrape off the anti-dye paste after drying. Dye paste powder to show blue and white patterns.

The dyed floral cloth is blue and white, with deep and bright colors, simple and elegant patterns, and a strong local flavor.

The technique of making blue calico is a folk technology formed by the working people in the long-term social practice. The technique is very unique and is the crystallization of the wisdom of the working people. Its floral cloth patterns are full of rich local flavor and ethnic customs. They are soft, natural, fresh, beautiful, delicate and elegant. They have distinctive local colors and national characteristics, and have extremely high craftsmanship, aesthetic and practical values.

At present, the Geng family in Boxing County still retains this traditional skill and also produces some blue calico works, but there is no longer a dyeing workshop in the traditional sense. The blue calico has been passed down for thousands of years. It is in dire straits and therefore needs to be protected urgently.

In 2009, "Blue Calico Printing and Dyeing Techniques" was approved by the Shandong Provincial People's Government to be included in the second batch of "Shandong Provincial Intangible Cultural Heritage List".

In addition, there are Huji Book Club which originated from Huimin. Pot cake is a traditional Binzhou food. According to legend, this cake was made by a shop named Xing in Xiguan in the late Qing Dynasty, and is also called Xing’s pot cake. First make two small cakes with soft flour, brown them on the boiled rice and set aside. Then make a filling with eggs, cooked meat, tofu and coriander, roll them into the cakes, fry them briefly, and cut them into pieces.

Sesame crispy candy is a traditional product of Binzhou City, Shandong Province. It is well-known outside the province and has a long history of more than 70 years. The product is a family skill inherited by three generations of Chang Yunluan in Bincheng and has a complete set of production techniques. , roughly divided into 6 steps. From the original production of one color variety, it has developed into four different flavors of sesame halva: pineapple, orange, osmanthus, and hawthorn. Huimin Short-branched Red Fuji is a new short-branched mutant variety of Red Fuji apple cultivated in 1988 and named Huifu No. 1. The characteristics of this variety are short tree body, suitable for dense planting, easy management, early fruiting, high yield and significant economic benefits. Generally, flowers appear in two years after planting, bear fruit in three years, and produce high yields in four years. The average yield per mu is as high as 2348.9 kilograms, which is 3.5 times that of ordinary red Fuji. The fruit is large, well colored, and of high quality. The average fruit weight is 202.5 grams, and the largest fruit weighs more than 500 grams. The fruit is red all over, bright and beautiful, with light yellow flesh, crisp and dense texture, lots of juice, and high soluble solids content. Up to 16 and above. The fruit matures in late October and is extremely resistant to storage. If picked late, the effect will be better. This variety has strong adaptability. According to the large-scale cultivation in 13 provinces and cities across the country, it can be developed in various apple cultivation areas across the country. In 1991, the Shandong Provincial Science and Technology Commission established a project to trial planting throughout the province, and Huimin County was designated as an apple variety breeding base by the Provincial Forestry Department. The Ministry of Forestry designated Huimin Short-branched Red Fuji as a nationally promoted variety during the Eighth Five-Year Plan. By 1994, Huimin County had bred more than 160 million short-branched red Fuji seedlings, spreading them to 13 provinces, cities and regions across the country, with a planting area of ??more than 3 million acres. In 1996, Huimin short-branched red Fuji apples won the Outstanding Achievement Award at the National Agricultural Science and Technology Achievements Exhibition and the Gold Medal at the Provincial Famous, Special and Excellent Fruit Appraisal Conference.

Zhanhua winter jujube has a cultivation history of more than 500 years and is a late-maturing jujube variety unique to Binzhou. Because its fruit is huge and matures in early winter, it is also known as apple jujube, wild goose red jujube, frozen jujube, and rock sugar jujube. It is a rare, late-ripening and excellent jujube species for fresh consumption. A single fruit weighs about 25 grams, with the largest fruit weighing 45 grams. It is nearly spherical in shape. There is often a blush on the sunny side before ripening, and the size is uneven. The average weight is 14 grams, which is three times that of the golden jujube. The winter jujube fruit has bright, ocher-red skin, which is thin and brittle and will crack when dropped. Its pulp is thick, tender and juicy, chewable without residue, sweet and slightly sour, with excellent taste. It is best eaten fresh. It contains 18 kinds of amino acids needed by the human body, such as aspartic acid and threonine, and is also rich in Protein, fat, dietary fiber and a variety of vitamins and mineral nutrients such as potassium, iron and copper. The vitamin content is 70 times that of apples and 100 times that of pears. It is extremely nutritious and is known as the "living vitamin pill" and "the best of all fruits". King", "wonderful fruit in the world". Its core is small and contains kernels. The tree is weak, spread out, and has a small crown. The mature tree is about 5 meters tall and the crown diameter generally does not exceed 5 meters. It likes to grow in fertile and deep soil.

Changshan yam cultivation began in the Tang Dynasty and has a history of more than 1,300 years. It has always been popular with domestic and foreign merchants for its high yield, high quality and high nutritional value.

In 2001, Changshan Town in Zouping County was named the "Hometown of Chinese Yams"; in 2002, Changshan Yams passed the Shandong Province's pollution-free agricultural product certification. Changshan yam cultivation has a long history. Among them, washed yam has been cultivated in this town for more than 100 years. Shaved yam is of high quality and has high edible and medicinal value.

Wudi County has a long history of growing golden jujubes, dating back more than 2,300 years. There are now millions of acres of jujube intercropping. Its quality and yield rank first in the country, and it is known as the "Chinese Golden Silk." "The No. 1 County of Xiaozao" enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad. The golden jujube has beautiful color, small core and fleshy flesh, long golden silk, delicious nectar, rich nutrition, and extremely high medicinal value. It is known as the "Top 100 Medicines", according to the book "Compendium of Materia Medica" It has been recorded in the early morning that it is a good nourishing food. It gets this reputation because it can pull out long shining golden threads when mature. The sugar content of golden jujube is as high as 70-80%. It is rich in various vitamins and minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and iron. It has the functions of relaxing muscles and activating blood circulation, dispersing stasis and regenerating new energy, opening the spleen and moistening the lungs, enhancing body immunity, lowering cholesterol, etc. Function. Golden jujubes can be made into jujube tea. Drinking it before going to bed can help you sleep smoothly without any side effects. It is very beneficial to the body. It can not only be eaten directly, but can also be processed into candied dates, preserved jujubes, beverages and other nutritious foods.

Huimin peach belongs to the southern strain, with bright appearance and delicate meat. The fruit development period is 115-130 days, the average fruit weight is 257 grams, and the maximum fruit weight is 750 grams. The surface hardness is relatively large, and it contains 12-15% soluble solids. It is resistant to storage and transportation and can be stored at room temperature for 12-15 days. Peach production adopts the most advanced market operation methods that are in line with the trend of the times, and comprehensively promotes the latest technologies such as formula fertilization, scientific pruning, artificial pollination, flower and fruit thinning, fruit bagging, and staged picking. Various indicators of the fruit output are, All have reached the pollution-free product standards of Shandong Province. On August 11, 1997, the peach passed the expert appraisal organized by the Provincial Science and Technology Commission and was named "Huimin Peach"; in April 1999, it passed the variety appraisal by the Shandong Provincial Variety Committee and was officially named "Huimin Peach"; In November 2000, it passed the pollution-free product certification of Shandong Province and was recognized as a 5,000-acre pollution-free peach base for the benefit of the people.

Zhanggaoshui apricot is a local specialty that grows in a special natural environment. It is as big as a peach, with bright skin, crisp, sour and sweet, rich fragrance, refreshing and delicious, and rich in nutrients. It has been cultivated for more than 400 years. History and long-standing reputation. In addition to being eaten fresh, apricots can also be processed into high-end nutritional foods and snack condiments. Almonds are valuable Chinese medicinal materials.

Yellow River Wudaokou rice is produced in Qingtian Street, Bincheng District. The entire rice producing area governs 25 natural villages, covering an area of ??666.67 hectares, with an annual output of 6 million kilograms. Wudaokou rice has uniform grains, small white belly, rich nutrition, good color and taste, and strong commercial properties. It is exported to Jiaodong, Jianghuai and other regions, and exported to Japan, South Korea and other countries. In 2001, it was tested by the Provincial Department of Agriculture and fully met the standards for pollution-free agricultural products and successfully passed the certification.