The so-called musical listening ability is the "musical feeling ability". This feeling ability is improved on the basis of listening more and thinking more, which will lead to different understandings of musical works and the appreciation of different types of musical works. Because the feelings that music gives people are first of all emotional reflections, such as happiness, irritability and excitement, and emotion is also a reflection of people's attitude towards objective things, such as joy, anger, sadness and joy. Therefore, the important channel of music appreciation is the emotional experience with the help of music hearing. Judging from the psychological factors of music appreciation, appreciation is an acceptance link, which is not aimed at performing or achieving some concrete results, but at enriching the emotional experience gained from music appreciation by combining the listener's own subjective experience and arousing memories, imagination and association through inner hearing, which is also an act of recreating music works through music hearing ability. According to the law of people's understanding of music perception, music hearing ability is mainly manifested in the following aspects. Sound perception refers to the complete acceptance of music sound and structure through the hearing of music appreciators. In the perceptual activities of music appreciation, sound perception is the premise and foundation of the whole music appreciation, and all emotional experiences and image connections in music appreciation are based on sound perception. If we leave the perception of music sound and its structural form, we can't talk about further appreciation of music works. The actual sound of a musical work is a "sound handicraft" formed by the mutual participation and cooperation of various musical elements such as rhythm, melody and harmony through artificial artistic processing. Our ears can feel it directly, but our ears must be trained and able to distinguish music, otherwise, it will be difficult to accept and understand this "sound handicraft" on the outer layer of the sound. Specifically, the perception ability of music sound is mainly reflected in the following aspects.

1. Ability to distinguish musical sound

This refers to the ability to distinguish basic elements of music, such as pitch, rhythm, strength and timbre. If the appreciator has the ability to distinguish these musical elements, he will have the basis of sound perception. "Huai Nan Zi" once recorded that "the six laws exist, but they can't listen, and there is no Shi Kuang's ear." "The ear of Shi Kuang" is the ear that can distinguish the sound. If a person can't distinguish between 2/4 beat and 3/4 beat, it is difficult for him to distinguish the different acoustic effects of March and waltz; If the appreciator lacks discrimination on the timbre of various musical instruments, it will affect his appreciation of orchestral works. Therefore, it is of primary significance to cultivate the discrimination of music and sound perception.

2. Perception of music sound

The perception of music sound includes melody sense, rhythm sense, multi-voice music sense and overall perception of music structure. Among them, the sense of melody is mainly to feel the characteristics of different melodies, and thus to experience the beauty of melody and the emotional content contained in it. The sense of rhythm determines the expressive nature and style characteristics of music. To obtain the aesthetic feeling of music, we must cultivate a good sense of music rhythm. Multi-voice music techniques are widely used in the fields of chorus, keyboard music and orchestral music. Only with a sense of multi-voice music can we understand the combination of various voices and the harmonious effect of music. The overall cognition of music structure is to synthesize various elements of music into a complete music perception activity to realize perfect music perception.

3. Attention and memory to music

Music is the art of time, and the acoustic materials of music are displayed in time and fleeting with the movement of time. Attention can always keep the freshness of music, and memory can impress music and extend the progress of music. If the appreciator doesn't have high attention and memory to music in the process of appreciation, it is impossible to get the overall cognition of music. While enjoying music, we can achieve perfect sound perception, and at the same time, we are also relying on the emotional experience caused by inner hearing. Liu Xie, an ancient cultural theorist, said: "The husband who wrote the essay expressed emotion and resigned, while the viewer wrote the essay with emotion." It means that the creator creates works because of emotional stimulation, and the audience experiences the feelings through the works. To appreciate music, we should accurately understand the emotional connotation expressed by the works through sound perception.

the process of enjoying music is the process of emotional experience, which is not only the process of the appreciator experiencing the emotional connotation of music, but also the process of the appreciator's own feelings and the feelings expressed in music blending with each other and ringing. In this process, good musical listening ability will bring profound emotional experience to the appreciator, which is mainly manifested in the following two points.

First, experience the emotional connotation of music works accurately, profoundly and meticulously. With good musical hearing ability, combined with the understanding of music such as melody, harmony, rhythm, speed, strength, timbre, form and genre, as well as the writing factors other than music, we can correctly understand music. As mentioned earlier, music is the art of hearing, and a good sense of hearing is the basis of correctly appreciating music. We can't imagine that people who can't distinguish pitch, rhythm and timbre can get a profound emotional experience from music.

second, closely combine the life experience and emotional desire of the viewer. Good musical hearing ability can quickly bring the appreciator into the artistic conception of music, so that the appreciator can appreciate music closely with his own life experience and gain a deeper emotional experience. Pipa Concerto Pipa, which describes the poet Bai Juyi's being demoted to Jiangzhou Sima, heard an Chang 'an musician playing Pipa in a degraded place on the boat, associated himself with the situation of "and am now a sick exile here in Jiujiang" and sent out the feeling of "we are both unhappy -- to the sky's end". This Jiujiang official. My blue sleeve was wet ",this kind of strong feelings * * * is not as good as other people present.

Bai Juyi was a famous poet and musician in the Tang Dynasty. In modern times, someone specially studied his musical aesthetic thought, which shows his profound understanding of music. This can also be seen from Pipa Xing, in other words, all these experiences and feelings are based on Bai Juyi's keen sense of music. If Bai Juyi doesn't have a good musical hearing ability, a clear sense of the timbre of pipa, an accurate judgment of the rhythm of music and a keen grasp of the priorities of playing, even if he is a we are both unhappy -- to the sky's end, he can't integrate his life experience, emotional activities with the emotions of his music works and get a higher level of emotional experience.