1. Vocal category

1. Solo (male and female voices are high, medium and low)

A form of vocal singing in which one person sings alone, usually accompanied by musical instruments, and also accompanied by vocalists. Because of gender and different conditions and timbre, it can be divided into soprano, mezzo-soprano, alto, tenor, baritone and bass. Its timbre features are: the soprano is gorgeous and dexterous, the mezzo-soprano is gentle and mellow, the alto is plump and generous, the tenor is sonorous and bright, the baritone is vigorous and solemn, and the bass is deep and solemn. The range between them is also different.

among them, sopranos are divided into: coloratura sopranos with crisp and dexterous timbre; A lyrical soprano with beautiful and sweet timbre; A dramatic soprano with a strong tone.

among tenors, there are lyric tenors with clear timbre and lyricism; A dramatic tenor with a magnificent and solid tone, etc.

2. Chorus singing (lead singing, chorus singing)

Chorus singing refers to a singing group, in which everyone sings the same melody, that is, a one-voice group singing.

3. duet (including all kinds of male and female duets)

is one of the vocal singing forms. Refers to more than two singers, each singing the same piece of music according to his own assigned voice. According to the voice or number of people, it can be divided into duet, trio, quartet and sextet.

The duet in opera is basically the expression of emotional communication between two or more characters, including male and female duets and so on.

4. Chorus (lead singer, chorus)

refers to the art category of collective singing of multi-part vocal works, which is often conducted with or without accompaniment. It requires a high degree of unity and coordination of singing group acoustics, and it is one of the most popular and widely participated forms of music performance.

As a performance tool of chorus art, human voice has its unique advantages, which can directly express the thoughts and feelings in music works and stimulate the audience's emotions.

2. Instrumental music

1. Solo (solo of various kinds of instruments)

One person plays an instrument, which is called "solo". Such as accordion solo and piano solo. Sometimes one person plays solo, and another person accompanies him. Such as erhu solo and dulcimer accompaniment; Violin solo, piano accompaniment, etc There is also a solo, accompanied by a band. Such as suona solo and folk band accompaniment.

2. Ensemble (multiple musical instruments play one voice at the same time) (English name Unison)

1) refers to two or more players playing the same tune at the same time with the same musical instrument, such as erhu Ensemble and violin Ensemble;

2) refers to two or more players playing the same tune at the same time with different musical instruments in the same degree or octave relationship, such as folk music playing in unison.

(Note: "playing in unison" mainly means that two or more people play the same tune at the same time, some use the same music at the same time, and some use different instruments at the same time. )

3. Ensemble (ensemble in which all kinds of musical instruments play more than two different parts at the same time)

Multi-part instrumental music with each part played by one person and its performance form.

According to the parts of the music and the number of performers, it can be divided into duets, trios, even septets and octets. Because of the different instruments played, there are piano trio, string quartet, wind quintet and so on. The most common form of ensemble is string instrument ensemble.

4. Symphony and concerto (performed by a large orchestra)

1. Symphony (in English)

is a symphony (playing-symphonic suite) played by a large orchestra, which is not a specific genre name, but a general term for a class of instrumental music genres. The common features of this genre are:

1. It is played by a large orchestra;

second, the music has profound connotation and is dramatic, epic, tragic and heroic, or the music style is solemn, narrative, descriptive, lyrical and customary;

Third, it has a strict structure and rich means of expression.

2) Concerto (English name Concerto)

The original intention is to compete together, and concerto means that two factors are both competitive and cooperative. The sixteenth century refers to an Italian acoustic music accompanied by musical instruments. In the second half of the 17th century, it refers to an instrumental suite in which one or several solo instruments compete with the orchestra. A group composed of several solo instruments formed during the Baroque period is called the Grand Concerto. The control concerto, which was formed during the period of classical music school and was played by a violin, piano, cello and other musical instruments, was called "solo concerto".

Today's concerto form usually refers to the "solo concerto" formed in the period of classical music.