1. What is a tokata?

Tokata comes from Italian, which literally means touch. It is a kind of keyboard music with free improvisation, which is composed of a series of broken chord alternating with fast scales, so it is also called touch music.

TOCCATA toccata originated from a style of Italian Renaissance. Music [TOCCATA] style represents freedom, enthusiasm, fashion, passion and fantasy, and music can reflect a person's personality, taste, outlook on life and artistic level.

2. the development of toccata:

① it began in the 16th century, and the toccata, represented by C. Merulo, was made up of freely improvised paragraphs and fugue paragraphs alternately.

② In the 17th century, it gradually developed into an endless technical music in Italy.

③ It was popular in Italy from 16th to 18th century, and usually consisted of several contrasting passages.

In the 18th century, Germany developed further, and the characteristics of freedom and unrestrained were more prominent.

④ It is sometimes used before fugue to contrast with each other. After the 19th century, most of them run through the whole song with a fast rhythm

3. The characteristics of toccata:

① Toccata is fast, with a tight rhythm, and has played a role in playing musical instruments

② Toccata is a genre that is relatively free and close to improvisation, and its skill is relatively high, especially the use of touching keys. There are often various methods of modeling and imitation counterpoint, and occasionally there are short main melody and harmony paragraphs.

it generally includes several paragraphs, alternating between slow and fast, and often starts with a slow rhapsody paragraph, in contrast to the more strict formatting paragraphs that follow.

③ Tokata music is played by keyboard instruments, which is a kind of fast and clear rhythm music

4. Tokata's representative works:

① Bach's Tokata and Fugue in D minor

was originally an organ music, which was one of Bach's representative works in his youth, and was later adapted into orchestral music by Polish composer Stokowski and piano music by Polish pianist and composer taussig. The music is in D minor with 4/4 beats.

The introduction of adagio composed of descending melody is full and powerful, which renders and paves the way for the grand momentum of the whole song; Then, the music played grand chords, and then presented the theme of Tokata, with dramatic elements; After the theme of Tokata ended, the fugue theme appeared in the upper part of the music, and the music finally reappeared the part of Tokata, ending with a magnificent ending.

② prokofiev's Topeka Op.11

Topeka Op.11 is known as "one of the most difficult piano works in the world", which was composed by the famous composer prokofiev in 1912. This work is a pure single movement Topeka music, and the whole track is played in a "mechanical" percussion way, with strong enthusiasm and sports, sharp colors and rough and powerful. The horizontal melody lines and the vertical harmony are constantly intertwined in the cross-playing of both hands, and the dynamic rhythm and the expansion and expansion of the texture sound form make the theme melody compact and tense. There are often unexpected long-span jumps in playing, which add humorous and grotesque colors.