Problems and Strategies of Children's Music Education Part I
First, choose appropriate teaching materials
First of all, teachers should pay attention to the selection of materials for music activities, because only by choosing interesting and artistic teaching materials can children be interested and motivated to learn. When I choose textbooks, I always try to choose textbooks that are close to children's life and reflect their interests from lyrics to music, from genre to form, from structure to style.
Second, tap the emotional factors of the works
The changes of rhythm and melody, strength and speed of different music or songs will show different styles and emotions. Only by grasping its characteristics can children be inspired to feel and appreciate the beauty of music. Before every music activity, teachers should carefully study and analyze the teaching materials and understand the emotional content of each song. For example, the song "Doll's Home" expresses several feelings such as pride, gentleness, happiness and self-confidence. The song "I have a little lamb" has the same lyrics. Through the analysis and guidance of the teacher, children can have a variety of emotional experiences and sing different flavors: the teacher guides? I have a lovely little lamb. Is it a little secret? Children will sing in a soft voice; When the teacher leads and says? Shall we play games with the lamb? Children will sing with excitement and cheerful interest; And when the teacher leads and says? Shh, is the lamb going to bed? Children will naturally sing in a slow and soft voice. Because of the careful analysis of the feelings in the textbook and the full expression of these feelings, a simple song has a rich emotional expression, which becomes intriguing.
3. Stimulate children's emotional expression
The emotional factors in the textbook should be completed through the analysis, expression and emotional communication with children in the teaching process. The degree of emotional communication between teachers and children directly affects children's learning interest and participation. Therefore, teachers should be full of enthusiasm for every music activity they teach.
1. Use vivid and vivid language to strengthen children's emotional expression. Language is the most direct tool for human beings to express their feelings. Children are young and often can't understand the content and emotion expressed by music. Teachers can help them understand the content and emotion of works with images and vivid language, so that they can have emotional experience and stimulate their desire to express. For example, in the music activity of Naughty Little Black Chicken, children are encouraged to actively participate in various senses by playing games. First of all, use language to bring children into the game to play a role. ? The teacher will be mother hen, but will you be my egg babies? I saw children with their heads in their hands, surrounded by mother hen, while letting mother hen gently touch and close their eyes to listen to the music, just like an egg baby just waiting to be hatched. After listening to the music, the chicks hatched. mother hen took them for a walk, catching insects and learning skills. Suddenly, the little black chicken? Whoops? I cried happily (arranged in advance). ? Why is the little black chicken crying? Children's thinking is active? : You were bullied by a wild cat. Did you walk carelessly? Did it play and fall down? Why on earth? Children watch the performance of the little black chicken and the teacher's singing with questions. ? I guessed right! ? I also guessed right! ? They cheered, and the desire to learn to sing was completely mobilized. With the artistic conception of the lyrics and the association caused by the performance, the children began to learn to sing. Another example is when teaching the song "Ode to Joy", expressing such an artistic conception to children according to the lyrics: the white clouds floating in the sky are quiet, so sing softly; Birds are singing in the tree, so sing a little louder; The flowers on the grass nod, and the grass bends down without sound, so sing softly; And the children singing and dancing on the grass must be loud, so be happy. Bring such an artistic conception into children's minds, and they will naturally sing according to the artistic conception expressed in the lyrics.
2. Stimulate children's emotional expression with teachers' demonstration performances. In music teaching, we should pay special attention to the emotional communication between teachers and students, and strive to create an equal, relaxed and harmonious atmosphere, so as to stimulate children's interest in music activities. For example, in activities, children are often looked in the eyes to speak and demonstrate; Use expressions, actions, etc. to adjust children's psychological state. Such as? Little mouse? When running around, the teacher said: Here comes the big cat! ? And immediately squat down, or:? The mouse is tired! ? Take the lead and pretend to sleep. At the same time, teachers can also use different identities to communicate with children, such as sister rabbit, mother duck, bird, wind, etc., and bring children into the specific artistic conception of music works through realistic performances.
Fourth, we should attach importance to emotional factors in evaluation
In previous music teaching activities, teachers only paid attention to whether children mastered the knowledge and skills they had learned, such as whether the songs can be sung, whether the rhythm of the band has been struck, whether the dance movements are the same as those taught by the teachers, and so on. Today's music teaching, first of all, should focus on the emotional experience felt by children in the process of activities, to help children build self-confidence and gain a sense of success. Secondly, we should attach importance to children's exploration and creation in evaluation, allow children to have different answers, encourage them to learn from independent problem solving and practice, and create an atmosphere of mutual discussion. In the evaluation, we should attach importance to and discover children's unique views and stimulate children's positive emotional experience. ? Happy from love? It means that music is caused by emotion. Among the many factors that make up music, if the rhythm is compared to musical? Bone? , the melody as music? Muscle? , then? Love? Is it musical? Soul? Yes. Therefore, teachers should pluck the strings of children's emotions with their own emotions in music teaching, so as to make them ring, so as to achieve? What is the taste of budding children to feel beauty and express beauty? The purpose.
Author: Yin Yanan Unit: Heihe Education Kindergarten
Children's Music Education Problems and Strategies Part II
1. Promoting children's independent creativity
Music games are activities aimed at freely participating in activities, gaining self-confidence and pleasure by participating in experiences and personally performing roles. Children who participate in games always perform games with positive emotions, full enthusiasm and initiative, and gain more happiness and self-confidence by performing games, so music games are free of any burden. Children can create new game content and methods at will, and change the game play and time on the basis of the original game design, thus getting more fun. After the design of music games, children's actual performances have new creations and become more social. For example, the two pieces of music "Little Towel" and "I Love My Little Animals" used to perform cute images of small animals, but after children's imagination, they became children playing games with small animals. The children have made a new design for the content and results of the game, which is the embodiment of the autonomy and flexibility of the music game, and embodies the innocent hearts and beautiful wishes of the children.
Second, promote the physical and mental growth of children
Children change different movements in the whole game process, which makes various organs exercise and increases the coordination of the body. Through the different changes in the amount of exercise, the adaptability of the body is also enhanced. For example, in the music game "Travel in Space", let children feel the rhythm, loneliness and different musical images during the activity; At the same time, children can consolidate the actions of running and jumping, stepping and walking slowly, which promote the gradual development of bones and muscles, exercise children's sports ability and coordination ability, enhance blood circulation, enhance the function of internal organs and promote the development of nervous system. Music games make children's mood relaxed and happy, and the nervous system and organs are in a state of excitement. At the same time, they are conducive to improving the function of the body and protecting the nervous system, exposing children to fresh air and sunshine, improving their ability to adapt to the external environment and resistance, and improving their health.
Third, promote the development of children's intelligence
Games are originally creative activities. First of all, games must have imagination. The writer Gorky once pointed out: Play is the way for children to know the world. ? During the game, children use toys and natural objects ai no corrida to promote the growth of sensory organs and improve their observation. Using games can consolidate and deepen children's knowledge and skills, develop children's abilities of perception, memory, attention, imagination, thinking and language expression, and cultivate children's thirst for knowledge and interest in science. Performance game is a kind of music game in which children creatively perform the roles they are familiar with and understand in literary and artistic works with actions, expressions, intonations and costumes. In the process of music games, children's existing experience and understanding of daily life are reflected, and these activities allow them to recombine their past experiences in the context of games. Music game is actually based on the original setting, children independently create new game content and methods, create new game scenes, and imagine their own language and actions. During the performance, I noticed different identities and different division of labor, which increased the sense of group cooperation. By observing and participating in children's games, teachers can deeply understand children's psychological changes and give correct guidance to children's physical and mental development. After the participation of various games, children's experiences are gradually enriched, and the plots they design will gradually increase. In the actual performance, children show their life experiences through language, action and singing. Children create their own characters by imagining, adding and changing the content of the game, and show the world in their eyes by using children's language. In the cooperation of games, children's language expression ability and intellectual development are increased. It is in this case that music games have played a flexible role and adapted to the educational model of young children. In practice, teachers can't set a fixed pattern, but should adapt to children's psychological and physical characteristics, play a variety of games in an open way, and personally participate in them, so as to better grasp children's psychological and physical development.
IV. Conclusion
Music games are an effective means of all-round development education for young children. The motivation of children's games is often out of fun, imitation and direct reaction cognitive experience. Children constantly adjust their own rhythm and movements in the whole game transformation, and their thinking is always in a state of active activity throughout the activity, from which children get the opportunity to fully express themselves, and their emotions are satisfied to obtain the happiness of success. Through the process of cooperation and communication, we can experience the joy of cooperation from the good behavior of ourselves and our companions, form good moral feelings and develop good moral behavior. Teachers have focused guidance, children conduct on-the-spot observation, and after observation, talk and draw pictures to help children deepen their impressions, arouse children's desire for games, and stimulate their creative consciousness. In the game, teachers purposefully inspire children to tell and understand music melody, < P > Author: Cai Jiandong Unit: Changji College < P > Problems and strategies of children's music education Part III < P > First, music education in the cultivation of children's comprehensive quality. The feeling of beauty in childhood is still at a low level and intuitive. They have the characteristics of jubilation and emotional exposure, and it is difficult to express their inner feelings and experiences in words. Therefore, through music, children can feel beauty vividly and achieve rational cognitive education, which is much more profound and powerful than simple preaching.
2. Effectively promote the cultivation of children's emotions. Music can reflect people's real life, thoughts and feelings, and it is an art that is the easiest to express and can directly reveal emotions. Its appeal is also huge, because music can touch people's inner feelings, and good music works have such a strong appeal. For example, when learning "Little Rice on the Drum", children can feel the frequency of drumming. When they see the little rice on the drum beating rhythmically, they will sing? Small grains of rice will bounce with the rhythm of drums, and? Xiaomi? Have fun together. It can be seen that children's emotions will become more colorful through music that expresses different emotions.
3. It is beneficial to promote children's intellectual development. In music education activities, children's audio-visual sense, motor nerves and brain cells are all in a positive state, which is beneficial to pleasing body and mind and developing thinking. When children imagine and feel music, in order to express their inner world, they will actively use language to show and share their thoughts and experiences with people around them, thus strengthening the development of language expression ability in communication.
Second, the problems and reasons in children's music teaching at present
1. Teachers attach importance to imparting knowledge and skills, but neglect the cultivation of children's aesthetic ability. In practice, many teachers overemphasize the teaching of skills and ignore the inner feelings of children. At the same time, there is also confusion about how to understand and deal with the relationship between the cultivation of aesthetic ability and the imparting of knowledge and skills. Some teachers believe that the teaching of skills can be seen and felt, and the effect is immediate, while aesthetic education is not easy to operate, even if it is done, it will not appear; Some teachers believe that children's aesthetic ability will naturally form in repeated skill training. Are these biased understandings caused? Music education focuses on skill practice? An important reason.
2. The model of teachers' teaching thoughts and behaviors. What if children are asked to act? Flowers? You will find that most children's movements are: holding their cheeks with their hands, their heads slightly tilted, their legs half bent, and their mouths raised, as if they had seen the same variety of flowers, which is the product of the pattern. It is these stereotypes that we have become accustomed to that imprison teachers' thoughts and behaviors and hinder children's creativity.
3. Countermeasures
1. Strengthen learning and constantly improve teachers' research and application of music
education. In every music education activity, teachers should be able to implement the all-round development of the comprehensive quality of morality, intelligence, physique and beauty, and achieve the educational goal of improving the comprehensive quality of children. In order to achieve this goal, teachers should develop the habit of actively or passively summarizing and learning music education methods, and creatively carry out a series of novel teaching activities in combination with their own teaching practice. For example, in dealing with the problem of attaching importance to knowledge and skills and neglecting the cultivation of aesthetic ability, we should realize that in fact, the cultivation of aesthetic ability and the teaching of knowledge and skills in music education are not mutually antagonistic and mutually exclusive, but closely linked and inseparable.
2. Pay attention to the specific design of music courses.
(1) create a musical environment. According to the goal of music education and children's physiological and psychological characteristics, teachers should use language, objects, props, performances and other means to carefully create music situations, so that children can initially feel music with a happy mood. Generally, in music teaching activities, there are several ways to create situations: ① Creation of performance situations. Teachers play various roles to introduce children into interesting artistic conception, and let children feel music in the process of appreciation. ② Creation of life scenes. Teachers introduce real life scenes into educational activities, so that children can understand music in the reproduced life scenes. ③ Creation of game situations.