The earliest existing Song lyrics and music score is: "Songs of Taoist Baishi".
Baishi Taoist's songs are called "Baishi Ci", which is a collection of ancient lyrics and music written by Jiang Kui (known as Baishi Taoist) in the Song Dynasty of China. ***6 volumes, 1 special volume. The book contains 10 sacred songs "Yue Jiu Ge", 17 poems with lyrics such as "Ling", "Slow", "Jin", and "Gui", and 1 Qin music "Ancient Resentment". Among them, "Yue Jiu Ge" is accompanied by Lu Lu's calligraphy score, which indicates different pitches.
The lyrics and tunes were notated using Gong Chi, and there are many errors in the circulation. Later generations of researchers have different opinions on this; the Qin music "Ancient Resentment" is notated with reduced characters and can be played. Among the 17 lyrics and tunes, "Drunk Yin Shang Xiaopin" and "The First Preface to the Colorful Clothes" are excerpts from traditional operas, "Yumei Ling" is a work by Fan Chengda, and the rest are Baishi's own compositions.
Song lyrics are lyrics that can be sung. Most Song lyrics only have text, and the music part has been lost. However, Jiang Kui's collection of lyrics, "Songs of Taoist Baishi", is a rare piece of music-notated Song poetry that can give modern people a glimpse into the musical style of Song poetry. "Songs of Taoist Baishi" has six volumes, including one volume, and contains more than 80 poems: some expressing feelings about current events or describing one's life experience.
Although Baishi's poems reflect the peaceful times of the Southern Song Dynasty and the dilapidated Central Plains to a certain extent, there are not many such poems. Its main achievement is in art. Shiraishi used the Jiangxi School poetry method to write lyrics, using strong pens to write tender feelings, with a clear artistic conception and an elegant style. He made good use of empty words to echo and create new words by himself.
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The songs of Taoist Baishi were first copied by Tao Zongyi of the Yuan Dynasty and carved on wood by Yunjian Qian Xiwu in the Jiatai Year of the Song Dynasty (1202), in six volumes and one separate volume. It was discovered and spread in the early Qing Dynasty. At the beginning of Qianlong's reign, it was hidden by Yunjian Louyan (Jingsi). Lu Zhonghui of Jiangdu used this as a base and engraved it into the "Collection of Jiang Baishi's Poems", but merged the six volumes of the Song version into four volumes.
There are more than ten kinds of Lu editions that are reprinted on school wood, such as the edition of "Siyinzhai Ci" (co-edited with Zhang Yan's "Shanzhong Baiyun Ci", named "Shuangbai Ci"), "Sibu Congkan" "Essentials", "Four Essentials", etc. There is also a copy by Jiang Bingyan in the early Qianlong period, which Zhu Xiaozang engraved in the "Qiangcun Series", which is more exquisite. The most popular one now is Xia Chengtao's "Jian Baishi's Ci Chronicles and Notes", which has five chronological volumes, one volume without chronology and one volume with external compilation.