"Autumn in the Old Capital" is a compulsory text for the first year of high school. How should we design and arrange it during teaching? Below is the lesson plan for the compulsory course "Autumn in the Old Capital" for the first grade of high school students compiled by me. Welcome to browse.
Teaching materials and academic analysis
The first unit is all prose about scenery. "Autumn in the Old Capital" depicts the sounds and colors of autumn with its exquisite and unique conception and beautiful and timeless language. , Autumn flavor, expresses his own pure, quiet and sad mood, and expresses his deep attachment to the autumn of his hometown. The writing is fresh and elegant, the emotions are deep and moving, and it contains rich cultural heritage.
The first-year high school students have just come into contact with this kind of long prose that blends situations. Their little knowledge about situational relationships is not enough to support them in interpreting such articles. Therefore, how to combine the text with each other to truly understand It is an urgent issue to use emotion to control the scene and avoid rigid labeling in the interpretation process.
Furthermore, the new curriculum standards require knowledge of people and the world. However, due to the long history of the times and the vitality of young people, their emotions and experiences are far removed from the articles. Therefore, how to create Situation, bringing students closer to the times, is one of the problems that must be solved in teaching.
In addition, the new curriculum standard emphasizes multiple interpretations. We can try to learn how to analyze the text from a cultural perspective based on this article, rather than just "knowing people and commenting on the world", so as to establish the concept of multiple interpretations.
Requirements for teaching objectives
1. Knowledge and ability objectives:
⑴ Grasp the key points of "clearness, tranquility, and sadness" and understand the situational relationship;
⑵ Learn to read and recite, taste the language, and enhance the sensitivity of the language;
⑶ Learn to know people and the world, and analyze articles.
2. Process and method goals:
⑴ Recite and taste key passages, and understand the author’s emotional characteristics through comparison of images;
⑵ Associate imagination and immerse yourself in the scene environment to experience the artistic conception.
3. Emotional attitude and value goals:
⑴ Inspire students’ enthusiasm for experiencing life in nature;
⑵ Cultivate students’ temperament and improve students’ aesthetic ability.
Teaching key points and difficulties
1. Teaching key points:
Understand the emotions contained in images such as autumn cicadas, autumn flowers, autumn rain, and autumn dates; master the use of articles Methods of describing autumn in the old capital using contrast, metaphor and other techniques
2. Teaching difficulties:
Understand the reasons why autumn in the old capital is "clear, quiet and desolate" in the author's eyes.
Teaching process
1. Create situations and introduce passion
Since ancient times, literati have been sad about the autumn: Qu Yuan melancholy sang in "Mrs. Xiang": "The curling up... The autumn wind ripples under the leaves in Dongting. Song Yu sadly recited in "Nine Bian": "The autumn wind is so sad that the grass and trees are swaying and decaying." But Du Fu was old, sick, lonely and wandering. I lamented from time to time: "The endless falling trees are rustling, and the endless Yangtze River is rolling." So, what kind of autumn should be felt in the heart of the modern scholar Yu Dafu? Today, let us take a closer look at "Autumn in the Old Capital" , into his rich inner world.
2. Analyze the title and feel the nostalgia
The "old capital" in the title refers to Beiping at that time, so why not use "Autumn in Peiping" as the title?
During the student discussion, the teacher gave some advice and reached a certain understanding: the "former" of "former capital" has the meaning of loneliness and vicissitudes of life, and a feeling of incomparable nostalgia; "former capital" has a sense of cultural richness, A sense of historical vicissitudes.
3. Level reading, overall perception
1. The teacher and the second student read the full text together, and the rest thought: What scenery did the author write about "autumn"? Can you summarize it in a few neat phrases? What are the general characteristics of these scenery? Can you answer with a sentence from the textbook?
2. Read and evaluate;
3. Students discuss and communicate, and the teacher gives instructions to form a blackboard (See below).
IV. Reading with pleasure and appreciating the artistic conception
1. Yes! Autumn in the old capital is clear, clear in the green sky; autumn in the old capital is quiet, Quiet in the flying sound of tame pigeons; the autumn in the old capital is sad, sad in the lonely willow shadow of Diaoyutai... Can you continue?
Born in the low echo of sad music Freely recite your favorite passages and then practice imitating sentences. The teacher gives instructions based on the situation and summarizes them in a timely manner.
2. The autumn sounds, autumn colors, and autumn smells of the old capital are indeed evocative, but there is another paragraph in the article, which is completely different from these paragraphs in terms of content and expression. You can find it. And talk about why the author has to deviate and add extraneous details?
After students find it, read paragraph 12 individually, and the rest think: What is the key sentence of this paragraph?
Students discuss Communicate and find out the key sentences: This shows that animals with feelings and human beings with emotions can always feel deep, remote, severe and desolate towards autumn. Chinese literati have a particularly deep relationship with autumn.
Teacher’s summary: This paragraph of poems and essays discussing autumn creates a cultural atmosphere. In addition to the natural atmosphere, it adds a layer of cultural atmosphere to highlight the rich cultural heritage of the old city. It shows the author's attachment to his hometown; at the same time, it makes the article uninhibited and free-flowing.
3. As the author said, autumn can cause people to feel "deep, distant, severe, and desolate." So is the author of this article sad for autumn? Can you find relevant sentences in the article to confirm it? What is your opinion?
Students found relevant sentences at the beginning and end respectively. Teachers and students discussed and reached a consensus: the author compared the autumn of the southern country with the autumn of the old capital, and used metaphors to write about himself Love for my hometown. The author is praising autumn with deep sorrow and loneliness. Special love is given to special you, and deep love is given to the autumn of the old capital.
4. Why does the author have such a deep sadness in his heart at this time? Even in the autumn light of his hometown, this sadness still lingers? Can you contact China in 1934 and talk to the author? ?
In April 1934, due to the threat of the Kuomintang’s white terror and other reasons, he moved from Shanghai to Hangzhou. During this period, he was depressed in thought, exhausted in creation, and lived a leisurely and comfortable life. He spent a lot of time traveling around and wrote many travel essays. In July 1934, wars continued to rage in China for years, and the people were in dire straits. Yu Dafu himself had no fixed place to live, and was displaced from place to place, suffering from the sorrow and pain of life. grief. The author "traveled thousands of miles" from Hangzhou to Peiping via Qingdao, and once again tasted the "flavor of autumn" in his old capital, so he wrote this article. Therefore, the "clear, quiet, and desolate" autumn in the North in the article is a reflection of the author's depressed soul at that time.
5. Guidance in studying law and imparting civilized principles
Understanding the background and knowing people and the world are important methods for prose reading. In addition, prose reading should also achieve the following points: Read it over and over again to experience the emotions; use your imagination to appreciate the artistic conception; mark and comment on it to appreciate the language.
6. Create reading experience and read yourself
The interpretation of literary and artistic works is diverse. If you put aside the writing background, how do you understand the author's sad autumn feelings? Please You open the memory warehouse of ancient poems and prose, pick up a few golden autumn leaves, and then think about the above questions.
Student exchanges, teacher screen display information:
Summary: Autumn is a normal season, but the bleak autumn wind and the desolate scene of falling leaves can easily cause wanderers, homesickness, and long-term loneliness. The sighs of sensitive people such as returning Zhengren triggered their feelings of longing for home, nostalgia, lamenting the death, sadness for life, etc. Therefore, natural landscapes such as autumn leaves, autumn flowers, and autumn sounds were fixed as a sad image. In ancient poetry and prose, the sadness of autumn is accumulated in the river of Chinese culture as a cultural factor. The author who has a profound foundation in classical literature is not "exempt from vulgarity", and autumn becomes sad in the author's heart. 7. Summary of the full text and assignments
Sadness in autumn does not mean lamentation, and sadness does not mean sinking. Like his predecessors, Yu Dafu embodies deep emotion in the autumn light, and at the same time hints to us: as long as human beings are still there, culture will Unless you die, there will be no end to the tears of spring, and no end to the songs of sorrow for autumn! Whether it is writing or reading, only by feeling with your heart can you have literature and feelings in your heart. As Yu Dafu said, "Emotions should be infiltrated into the description of the scenery so that readers can hardly tell whether this beautiful nature is part of the body of the sentimental protagonist." This achieves the state of blending of scenes and the unity of things and myself!
8. Homework
Autumn is beautiful: the autumn wind is bleak, the remaining lotuses are listening to the rain, and there are sounds of autumn; the frosty leaves and yellow flowers, the declining grass, the autumn water, and the color of autumn; the sky is high and the clouds are light, and the geese are flying to the north and south. Flying, autumn is tangible; orange, yellow, orange and green, fruits are fragrant, autumn has a taste. As long as you have a golden heart, a pair of discerning eyes, and a wonderful pen, you will surely be able to paint an autumn landscape that reflects the light of your soul. Please write an essay on the topic of "Autumn in My Eyes". I believe you can describe the scene according to fate, and the scene changes with the mood.
Or write a lyrical essay with the title "Spring in my hometown (summer, autumn, winter, rain, snow,...)"
Teaching reflection
The students did not preview, so throughout the class, I was like a not-so-skilled tour guide, pointing out the country and leading the students to appreciate the beautiful scenery in my eyes. The teacher’s leading role was obvious, and the dominant position of the students was difficult to highlight. I usually teach There is also no questioning link that is the most favorite and easiest to win. Fortunately, the cultivation of Chinese language ability was implemented throughout the class, and the concept of multiple interpretations was established. However, due to time constraints, this article and the tragic beauty in Chinese classical literature were not included in the cultural interpretation process, thus losing a good opportunity to cultivate students' aesthetic ability. This cannot but be said to be a pity!
Blackboard design
Autumn in the south of the Yangtze River (comparison)
Autumn blue flowers
Autumn locust pistils fall off
The autumn cicadas in the old capital make a quiet sound Desolation (knowing people, discussing the world, cultural interpretation)
The charm of autumn rain
The wonders of autumn fruits
Autumn in the South (contrast, metaphor)