1. The basic speed terms are as follows:

The above is a comparison of some commonly used speeds in Chinese and foreign languages. The number of beats played per minute is only for reference. In actual performance It can be adjusted according to the player's own feelings, but there should not be too much difference.

In addition, there are some commonly used basic speed terms, such as Sostenuto (76 beats, meaning to maintain), Maetoso (80 beats, meaning normal speed). Since there are no corresponding terms in Chinese, they are not listed. into the form.

2. The basic dynamics terms are as follows:

The order of commonly used intensity levels from small to large is: ppp-pp-p-mp-mf-f-ff-fff. The strength of dynamics is relative, and the use of dynamics markers has different requirements in different eras.

3. Expression terms are as follows:

Expression terms refer to the language and special expression terms used in music performances. Such as andante allegro, which is a common foreign language on piano scores. This type of foreign language is called musical expression terminology, and most of it is in Italian.

Extended information:

Other musical terms

1. Passaggio: transition, nodule. Italian. The human voice often has two or three areas with slightly different vocalization methods, and transitions are required between different vocal areas. Transitions that occur in more pronounced parts are called nodules.

2. Closed tones: closed tones. Almost exclusively refers to the change of vowels in the highest vocal range of a male voice. Some people object to this name, fearing that it may misunderstand students as closing the throat; however, it is still very commonly used.

3. Register: translated as vocal area, sound area. Different passages of the same singer's voice sound like sounds produced in different ways. These passages are called registers or registers. Can there be two, three, or even more?

4. Col fiato: Use air to punch. The opposite of "riding on or on the breath." Refers to using too much breath to hit the vocal cords to control (force out) the sound.

5. Dark sound: deep sound. Usually used for basses and altos. The bassoon is a typical instrument with a deep sound.