Inheritance and development of Guangxi’s ethnic musical instruments

Abstract: There are many types of original ethnic musical instruments in Guangxi, which are mainly distributed in the residences of the Zhuang, Dong, Yao and Miao ethnic groups in Guangxi.

Guangxi’s local ethnic musical instruments reflect the cultural and ecological cultural characteristics of Guangxi’s ethnic minorities. Guangxi’s ethnic music has irreplaceable cultural value in Chinese ethnic music.

This article analyzes the development status of Guangxi's ethnic musical instruments and proposes how to better develop and inherit Guangxi's ethnic musical instruments, so that Guangxi's ethnic musical instruments can be used on the world stage, for ethnic cultural exchanges, and to build a bridge for world ethnic harmony. A strange light blooms in it.

Keywords: inheritance of national musical instruments, development of national music ecological culture

1. Introduction to Guangxi

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is located in southern China, with the Tropic of Cancer running through the region. middle part.

Guangxi faces the Beibu Gulf to the south, faces Southeast Asia, borders Vietnam to the southwest, Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao to the east, central China to the north, and the Southwest at its back.

Guangxi borders Guangdong, Hunan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other provinces.

It is the only province and region between China and ASEAN that has both land borders and sea passages. It is the hub from South China to the southwest. It is the only ethnic minority autonomous region in the country with advantages along the coast, rivers and borders.

The entire autonomous region is inhabited by Zhuang, Han, Yao, Miao, Dong, Mulao, Maonan, Hui, Jing, Yi, Shui, and Gelao ethnic groups.

Nanning, the capital, is the gathering place for unity and cooperation among the ten ASEAN countries and China. It is known as the "Green City".

Every nation has its own characteristic culture. As an important part of it, Guangxi ethnic music is the characteristic music spontaneously created by the local working people in their working life. Many ethnic minority musical instruments are handmade from their ancestors. Guangxi, especially Zhuang musical instruments, are rich in musical instruments that have been produced and inherited, and are of great significance to the inheritance and development of Guangxi national music.

2. Current situation of Guangxi’s national musical instruments

There are about one hundred kinds of national musical instruments in Guangxi, including wind instruments, string instruments, percussion instruments, etc.

The simplest ones include wood leaves, field snail flutes, acacia flutes, grass flutes, and Dong flutes; the more complex ones include Dong pipa and reed pipes; the oldest ones include bamboo qin, horns, bronze drums, lyres, Tuhu, There are also modern and relatively complete bolie, duxianqin, horse-bone harp, lyre, reed, holeless flute, etc.

Since the 1960s, Guangxi ethnic art researchers have gone deep into areas inhabited by ethnic minorities, collected more than 100 ethnic musical instruments, as well as a large number of photos and written materials, and written many research papers and specialized works, making contributions to the study of ethnic minority folk instruments.

3. Improvement and innovation of Guangxi’s national musical instruments

Bolie, Lusheng, Maguhu, Duxianqin, Tianqin and other musical instruments have been improved and innovated in the development process. For example: Guangxi's Jing nationality's stringed instrument has a bamboo or wooden speaker box, which is in the shape of a rectangular box and has components such as a peg, a rocker and a small trumpet. It only has one string installed and is played with overtones. The strings are picked and cut to get the sound.

The improved Duxianqin has a more beautiful appearance and connotation, beautiful tone, increased volume, continuously enriched playing skills, and more and more compositions. It has been well promoted and plays an important role in the exchange of national music in the world. The response has been good.

This not only inherits the musical instruments of the Jing nationality, but also has been well developed, showing the world the wonderful tone of the Duxianqin and the charm of the national characteristic musical instruments, and has played an irreplaceable role in the cultural exchanges between various countries. effect.

IV. How to inherit and develop Guangxi’s national musical instruments

(1) Collect folk ecological music materials and protect Guangxi’s local national music

At present, there are many National musical instruments are rarely used and are mostly played by folk artists for their own entertainment. Folk artists are getting older and some national musical instruments are also facing the risk of being lost.

To inherit ethnic musical instruments well, we must first increase the protection of existing ethnic minority musical instruments, pass on local folk musical instruments to people, record the original musical instrument music through recording and other methods, and then They are stored in cultural centers in each county and are kept by dedicated personnel.

In addition, local musicians in Guangxi should go to the countryside more often to collect music, record and notate the music of Guangxi's ethnic instruments into CDs, protect the unique tones of Guangxi's ethnic instruments, and make first-hand Guangxi's ethnic characteristic music materials available , to prepare for the creation of a large number of national music in the future.

(2) Inherit Guangxi’s national musical instruments using the unison performance method of national musical instruments

Guangxi’s Holeless Flute Ensemble, Yongning Eight-tone Suona Ensemble, Rongshui Lusheng Ensemble, and Snail Flute Unison, grass flute unison, etc. basically adopt the method of grand unison. This form of unison is very popular with the public and is very down-to-earth. On the contrary, too professional music is difficult, has many parts, intervals, and chords, and ordinary people cannot understand it and find it difficult to accept it. , I don’t like to listen either, and they are often students from professional colleges or musicians from professional orchestras observing each other. Ordinary people can’t understand them at all. Therefore, to inherit Guangxi’s national musical instruments, the performance form is very important.

This form of unison is worth promoting, and ordinary people can participate. After working hard, everyone organizes and rehearses the unison of national musical instruments in their free time.

The author believes that a more feasible method is to first adopt a popular inheritance method, which is organized by the intangible culture departments of cultural centers in various counties in Guangxi to find inheritors of ethnic musical instruments in various parts of Guangxi, and after unified music knowledge training , use the leisure time to organize young people who are interested in national musical instruments to practice on the spot.

Organize more folk activities, even tour performances between villages, gradually organize Guangxi ethnic musical instrument competitions in various regions, discover good seedlings and cultivate them in time, gradually improve performance skills, and let Guangxi ethnic musical instruments go to the world. stage to build a platform for friendly exchanges for world peace.

(3) Combining Guangxi’s ethnic musical instruments with music classes in primary and secondary schools in Guangxi

Since the styles of ethnic instruments are somewhat rustic, many students like to learn Western instruments. The development prospects of ethnic and folk instruments It is not optimistic. If it is combined with school education, Guangxi folk music can be introduced into primary and secondary school classrooms, local ethnic musical instrument classes can be opened, folk inheritors can be hired to teach in schools, and different musical instruments from various regions, such as Bo, can be introduced through oral and heart-to-heart teaching. The flute, duxianqin, reed, spiral flute, dong flute, holeless flute, etc. are all introduced into the classroom for interaction, so that children can like their own local national musical instruments and national music culture in their childhood, so that national musical instruments can be like the current recorder Just as popular.

This not only cultivates students’ hobbies and enriches the content of music classes, but also cultivates students’ love for their own national culture and their own nation.

This also requires musicians to be good at accumulating, collecting and organizing Guangxi folk musical instrument scores, gradually improving teaching materials, audio-visual teaching materials, video teaching materials, etc., and constantly summarizing and improving in the teaching process to explain the significance of learning national musical instruments. , guide students to learn music knowledge well, give students the opportunity to show national music, let students be interested in national musical instruments, and easily master the basic playing methods of musical instruments. What needs special attention is that special emphasis should be placed on the importance of the inheritance and development of national folk music culture. Let them know that many of today's excellent musical works draw nourishment from folk music.

Focus on cultivating their interest and hobbies in ethnic folk music, establish their awareness of the protection and exploration of ethnic folk music, and assume the main responsibility of the inheritors of ethnic folk music culture.

(4) Mobilize Guangxi musicians to vigorously create Guangxi national musical instruments

Guangxi local musicians should go deep into the mountain villages where ethnic minorities live and go to the fields to record local original music. Ecological folk songs, folk artists' music played on national instruments, identify the musical elements, grasp the Guangxi national music style, and ultimately create better, more down-to-earth Guangxi instrumental music works that are in line with the trend of the times, and then continue to be polished by musicians , gradually refined into a fine piece of Guangxi national instrumental music, playing on the world stage.

(5) Elaborately produce promotional audio and video materials for Guangxi’s national musical instruments for publicity and promotion

Specially produce promotional videos for Guangxi’s national musical instruments and release them to online media, produce CDs and sell them all over the world, and hold various The Guangxi National Musical Instrument Competition selects Guangxi national musical instruments with outstanding characteristics and carefully creates high-quality music for touring performances around the world. It puts Guangxi national music on the world's high-pressure stage, allowing Guangxi national musical instruments to shine brilliantly in the world, and builds a world-class music competition. A bridge of communication, allowing the world to better understand Guangxi.

(6) Produce national musical instruments and handicrafts with Guangxi national elements for publicity and promotion

Guangxi’s national musical instruments have a long history and are of various types. The Zhuang people have not only created a variety of They are good at absorbing the advantages of foreign musical instruments. Some of them have been improved and innovated and have become very representative musical instruments of the Guangxi nation.

With the development of society, the craftsmanship of making musical instruments has also been greatly improved, such as the Guangxi Bolie, Duxianqin, Lusheng, and Horse Bone Hu.

A good musical instrument should work hard to improve its appearance design and tone. If some Guangxi ethnic elements are added to the appearance design of Guangxi’s national musical instruments, such as Guangxi’s Zhuang brocade, hydrangea, and Huashan murals , small bronze drums and other handicrafts, the appearance of national musical instruments is packaged with Guangxi ethnic elements without changing the unique timbre of the instrument, so that in the process of appreciating Guangxi national music, the audience can not only appreciate the beauty of the music, but also You can also appreciate the distinctive appearance of Guangxi’s national musical instruments.

However, musical instruments are not simply handicrafts. They integrate people’s vision, hearing, touch and emotions. Therefore, this requires the production master’s superb craftsmanship to constantly improve the design of the instrument and integrate it into his own piano making. Experience and aesthetic feelings create musical instruments with completely different styles and sound quality.

I believe that such a beautiful and admirable Guangxi folk musical instrument will be easily loved by people and will be more popular and popularized.

(7) Rely on performances in tourist scenic spots to promote and inherit ethnic music

Ethnic scenic spots in Guangxi have live performances of ethnic musical instruments, and performances of ethnic costumes are combined with musical instrument performances. For example, the national musical instruments in Guilin and Liuzhou areas are mainly based on Liu Sanjie's music, folk song materials, and colorful charm; in Baise and Hechi areas, Zhuang ethnic music and Zhuang folk songs are mainly used; in Yulin, tea-picking music and Yulin eight tones are mainly used; in Yongning The main ones are Bayin and Yong opera music; Fangcheng Dongxing is mainly Jing nationality music.

Let the sounds of national musical instruments ring throughout Guangxi, infect guests from all over the country and even the world who come to Guangxi for tourism, and let Guangxi’s national music spread to the ears of people of all ethnic groups across the country and to the ears of tourists from around the world. , so that people all over the world like Guangxi’s national musical instruments and Guangxi’s national music.

(8) The development of Guangxi’s national musical instruments requires state support

The development of Guangxi’s national music cannot be separated from the appropriate support of national policies, and the national musical instrument inheritance and training bases in various counties in Guangxi must be gradually improved. Build and cultivate inheritors of Guangxi’s national musical instruments.

The national education department should also vigorously support the introduction of Guangxi’s ethnic musical instruments into the classroom, gradually standardize the normalization of Guangxi’s ethnic musical instrument teaching interaction, create quality courses on ethnic musical instruments, and elevate the love of one’s own national culture to the level of love for the motherland. The spirit of loving the nation and loving hometown.

Let students cherish their study time more, work hard to learn scientific and cultural knowledge, and study hard to build our beautiful national homeland.

5. Conclusion

Guangxi’s national musical instruments, such as bolie, duxianqin, horse-bone beard, reed pipe, bronze drum, etc., are played everywhere every time they perform abroad. There were constant cheers, applause, and cheers, and news headlines frequently reported the grand performance, which made us think deeply: What belongs to the nation belongs to the world! If everyone blindly pursues fashionable popular instruments, then our country’s national treasures Musical instruments, especially those valuable national instruments that are still hidden among the people, will slowly be lost.

Therefore, it is necessary to vigorously explore Guangxi’s national musical instruments, conduct a large number of searches and collections, increase the protection of Guangxi’s national characteristic musical instruments, and jointly contribute to the inheritance and development of Guangxi’s national musical instruments, adding to the prosperity of Chinese national music. Playing national musical instruments for the sake of world national harmony has allowed Chinese national music to deeply influence the peace-loving people of the world.