1. Setting of counseling objectives
By accepting the interview, we can get a general understanding of the psychological problems of the visitors, confirm that psychological counseling can help the visitors solve the problems, and the visitors also agree to psychological counseling.
Counseling goals can be divided into short-term goals and long-term goals. In the initial stage of psychological counseling, the most important thing is to establish a mutual trust counseling relationship. The sincerity, respect and unconditional positive attention of consultants can help visitors eliminate their worries and nervousness and form a harmonious conversation atmosphere.
2. Setting of counseling time
The interview time of individual counseling is generally about 5 minutes, and if it exceeds one hour, visitors and counselors will easily suffer from psychological fatigue, which will affect the effect of psychological counseling. The frequency of consultation is common once or twice a week, but sometimes the interview time or interval will be shortened according to the mental and pathological degree, development level and age of the visitors.
The frequency of consultation depends on the characteristics of visitors, ranging from several months to several years. The events agreed by both parties must be strictly observed, and the consultant should keep abreast of the situation in case of special circumstances.
3. Setting of consultation places
Consultation places are often different according to the institutions where visitors go. Generally, consultation institutions should be located in inconspicuous places that are convenient for visitors to enter and leave, in elegant and quiet places. If conditions are good, individual consultation rooms, group consultation rooms and children's consultation rooms should be set up. The consulting room should be equipped with sofa, table, coffee table, etc.
If you need music therapy and sandplay therapy, you should also prepare music therapy chairs and sandplay appliances. In addition, the consultant should also be equipped with: telephone, recording pen, video camera, computer, digital camera and so on. In addition to these necessary items, we should also pay attention to the coordination of the consultation atmosphere to ensure that visitors can communicate in a comfortable atmosphere.
4. Setting of consultation scene
Consultation scene mainly refers to the form of consultation interview, the position relationship and sitting posture of consultation.
The form of consultation and interview should be selected according to the purpose of the client's consultation, and sometimes it can be decided according to the wishes of the consultant and the client. In general, psychological consultation adopts one-on-one interview, and adult neurosis, various mental disorders and psychological maladjustment also adopt one-on-one consultation.
If the psychological problems of visitors involve the emotional adjustment between husband and wife, sometimes the husband and wife need to come together for consultation, and it is also a parent-child consultation when giving advice to children. No matter what kind of consultation method is adopted, it depends on the consulting goal, the consulting object and the consulting effect to be achieved.
The ideal position relationship of psychological consultation is 9 degrees. Usually, sitting face to face is convenient for the counselor to keep an objective distance from the visitors and observe them comprehensively, but it will also increase the psychological burden of those visitors who come to consult with anxiety and anxiety.
The sitting posture in counseling also reflects the patient psychological activity. The sitting posture with the body slightly leaning forward shows concern and listening, which is the basic sitting posture in psychological counseling.
5. Setting of consultation fee
The founder of psychoanalysis thinks that it is very important to charge for psychological consultation. Generally speaking, friends, acquaintances and family members must also charge. Paying the fee means someone else, an outsider, and keeping a realistic distance. Fees clearly define the rights and obligations of consultants and visitors, which is beneficial for visitors to treat each consultation more seriously and actively, and both consultants can devote themselves wholeheartedly to ensure the effect of consultation.
Although there is a charge for each consultation, we should also pay attention to the rationality of the charge. The low consultation fee will give people a feeling that the consultant's level is not good, which will lead to doubts about the consultant's professional ability. If the fees are too high, visitors will have resistance, which will affect the establishment of dependence.
expanding information
with the faster pace of modern work and life, people are facing more and more pressures and difficulties, and psychological counseling can help people tap their psychological potential, improve their self-awareness and get out of their psychological haze.
such as emotional problems, physical and mental diseases, and psychological problems in children's development; The imbalance of physical and mental development in adolescence; Social adaptation; Sexual psychological knowledge consultation; Social interaction and puppy love between men and women; The contradiction between youth's independence and dependence; Friendship and love; Achievement motivation and self-realization; Choosing a spouse and getting married; Interpersonal relationship.
employment, unemployment and reemployment; Middle-aged and menopausal interpersonal conflicts, emotional disorders, work and family load adaptation; Family structure adjustment; Climacteric syndrome, etc. Re-adaptation of the social role of the elderly; Family relations such as husband and wife, two generations, grandparents and grandchildren; Physical aging and psychological aging; Problems such as senile life can be alleviated and helped through psychological counseling.
Baidu encyclopedia-psychological counseling
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