Children’s musical ability includes their ability to recognize music and their ability to control music. ?Children's ability to control music is constantly developing, which can be mainly seen from three aspects: singing ability, playing ability and appreciation ability:? 1?Development of singing ability? The development of children's singing ability is mainly reflected in the following four aspects:?( 1) Lyrics? 3-year-old children have a preliminary understanding of the meaning of words and can sing fragments of lyrics relatively completely. They often deliberately omit the lyrics they do not understand and just hum along with the music. The ability of children aged 4 to 6 to master lyrics has improved significantly, and they can sing the lyrics of the entire song relatively completely, with typos and mispronunciations greatly reduced. ? (2) Sound range? Sound range is the range from the lowest bass to the highest pitch. Young children have a much narrower vocal range than adults. Generally speaking, children aged 3 to 4 years old can sing 5 to 6 notes in the range of c1 to g1, among which the most comfortable sounds are between d1 and g1. There are large individual differences in the vocal range development of children aged 4 to 6 years old, but they can generally sing c2. The goal of music teaching in kindergarten is to enable children to sing well in the range of c1 to c2. (3) Rhythm: 3-year-old children can better master the rhythm of songs composed of half notes, quarter notes, and eighth notes that are consistent with heartbeat, breathing, pulse, etc. Children aged 4 to 6 years old can already master the rhythms of half notes, quarter notes, and eighth notes, and even dotted and syncopated rhythms. (4) Pitch? Pitch is "in tune" and is the most difficult skill for young children to master when singing. Children around the age of 3 are prone to "out of tune", and the melody they sing can only be roughly close to the correct melody. The ability of children aged 4 to 6 to grasp the pitch has improved to a certain extent. Generally speaking, children aged 4 to 6 can accurately sing simpler songs with piano accompaniment, but without accompaniment, they will be "out of tune". . ? 2. Development of percussion instrument playing ability? Percussion instruments are one of the earliest musical instruments that humans master. They mainly use large muscle movements when playing, so they are relatively easy for young children to master. The development of young children's percussion playing ability can also be viewed from two aspects. (1) Ability to operate percussion instruments: Specialized percussion instruments for 3-year-old children, such as drum bells, string bells, bells, etc. Among these percussion instruments, it is easiest for young children to master the playing methods of drum bells and string bells. Not only because they are easy to imitate, but also because these instruments can encourage 3-year-old children to explore different playing methods of the same instrument, so that the volume played can be moderate and the timbre beautiful. Children aged 4 to 6 who receive good education can be exposed to more types of percussion instruments, master the playing methods of various instruments, and gradually use small muscle movements to play instruments. (2) The ability to follow music? The ability to follow music can basically be understood as "in tune", which is the ability of children to coordinate sound and music in the process of playing musical instruments. Generally speaking, it is difficult to cultivate this ability in children at home. Children's ability to have fun is mainly cultivated and developed in kindergarten. When a 3-year-old child first enters kindergarten, his awareness and ability to follow music are relatively poor. After about a year of practice, he has basically acquired a preliminary awareness of music and can play in time. Children aged 4 to 6 years old have further developed their musical awareness and ability and can perform more complex ensembles. ? 3. Development of music appreciation ability? Children's music appreciation ability includes two aspects: listening and understanding. (1) Listening ability? "Listening" refers to listening consciously. The listening process requires attention and emotional participation. ?The listening ability of 3-year-old children has developed in two aspects. On the one hand, they will distinguish and describe the sounds in the natural environment. They will consciously pay attention to the difference in the sounds of heavy rain and light rain. They will also be able to distinguish the difference in the sounds of rain falling on grass, concrete floors and puddles. On the other hand, it is to distinguish and describe the sound, and to be able to distinguish whether the sound produced by the instrument is "heavy" or "soft". ?With the growth of age and rich experience, the listening ability of children aged 4 to 6 has been greatly improved. They can not only hear changes in the music's range, speed, intensity, beat, etc., but also hear the repetition and changes between sections and phrases. Some young children also understand the differences in mood and style of music. (2) Comprehension ability: Children’s ability to understand music is mainly reflected in their understanding of the ideological content expressed by music and their understanding of the emotions and associations caused by music. Babies before the age of 2 have developed the ability to understand music. They often like music with distinctive rhythms, beautiful melodies, and soft sounds, and respond positively. Babies aged 2 to 3 years old can already initially understand the emotions expressed by music, and begin to generate preliminary imagination and associations. Children as young as 3 years old can initially understand the lyrics and emotions of familiar songs. Children aged 4 to 6 can basically understand the lyrics of children's songs, including children's songs with more complex content. At the same time, their ability to understand and imagine the meaning of tunes has also been significantly improved. It can be seen that the development of children's musical ability has its own rules and proceeds step by step with each stage of psychological development.