What is the difference between Western classical music and Western romantic music? , how to recognize and understand the similarities and differences between Western classical music and romanticism

The difference between romantic music and classical music is that it inherits the tradition of classical music composers, and also has new ideas on this basis. exploration. For example, it emphasizes that music should be combined with other arts other than music, such as poetry, drama, and painting, and advocates a comprehensive art; advocates title music; emphasizes the expression of personal subjective feelings, and the works often have an autobiographical color; the works are full of fantasy, There are many works describing nature, because nature is very peaceful and has no contradictions, which is an ideal state. We attach great importance to drama, study national and folk music and literature, and draw nutrients from them. The works have national characteristics. In terms of artistic form and expression techniques, it is inherited from the classical music school, but the content is very different, and exaggerated techniques are also used a lot. In terms of musical form, it breaks through the limitations of the balanced and complete formal structure of classical music and has greater freedom. There are many single-movement instrumental music, mainly instrumental pieces, such as improvisations, nocturnes, etudes, ballades, fantasies, preludes, music without words, and various dance music - mazurkas, waltzes, polkas, etc. Among the many instrumental pieces, piano pieces are the most common. A large number of art songs appear in vocal works, and many vocal sketches are connected together to form suites, such as Schubert's "The Beautiful Mill Girl" and "Winter Journey", which are innovative artistic themes of the Romantic music school. Harmony is an important tool to express romanticism. The expansion and free use of dissonance, the frequent appearance of 7th and 9th chords, as well as chromatic methods and modulations in music have expanded the range of harmony and expressive power, and enhanced harmony. The color of sound. The composer created the multi-movement title symphony and the single-movement title symphony poem, which are important forms of romantic music.

Generally speaking, classical music is music with a regular nature, balance, clarity, attention to the beauty of form, and is considered to have lasting value and is not just popular in a specific era. .

Classical music originally refers specifically to the German and Austrian music represented by Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven from 1750 to 1830, that is, the so-called "Music of the Vienna Classical School" (some are inaccurate Translated as "Viennese Classical Music"). This is classical music in the narrow sense.

Starting from this narrow concept of classical music, we can go back to Bach, Handel and even earlier Catholic Christian religious music, and extend backward to Romanticism, the National Music School, and the Western music of the 20th century. of modern music. These are classical music in a broad sense. The definition of classical music is based on this tradition. Whether it is inheriting and carrying forward this tradition, or trying to break through this tradition with innovation, all music creation attempts can be included in classical music. Although music that developed independently outside this tradition has borrowed from and influenced classical music creation, it is generally not included in classical music, such as jazz, rock music, and the music of some Eastern ethnic groups.

Classical music, as a name for a category in music, exists relative to light music, popular music and other categories. It itself does not have a strict and clear explanation or definition. In the field of light music, the concept of "classical" is sometimes used to refer to certain light music works that have been tested by time and are regarded as models by people, such as classical operetta, classical jazz, etc. Classical here is understood as "ancient + classic" , seems more appropriate.

Romanticism is mainly used to describe literary creation between 1830 and 1850, and musical creation between 1830 and 1900.

Compared with the previous music of the Viennese Classical School, Romantic music pays more attention to the expression of emotions and images, and relatively underestimates the considerations of form and structure. Romantic music is often full of imagination, and a lot of romantic music is influenced by unrealistic literary works, and has a considerable composition of title music. The elements of romanticism are included in music creation from ancient times to the present, and are not limited to a certain era, because music creation itself is an expression of imagination, and romanticism is the best embodiment of imagination. The difference between Western classical music and Western romantic music

Romantic music

One of the music genres.

Developed in the second half of the 18th century, it focuses on human instinct and feelings. Beethoven was the pioneer, Weber and Schubert were its representatives, and Berlioz, Mendelssohn, Schumann, Chopin, Liszt and Wagner pushed it to its peak. Romantic music has innovated and created ancient music from genre to form, developed traditional symphony forms, enriched opera creation, created single-movement title symphonies, symphonic poems and other instrumental music forms, and launched It created lyrical art songs and vocal suites, and many famous performers emerged, promoting the development of performance skills. The rise of this music school formed the most glorious era of music creation and performance in the history of European music, and had a huge impact on the development of modern European music.

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Classical Music School

Vienna Classical, which played an important role in the history of Western music The music style of the music school is fundamentally different from that of the Baroque period. Even new listeners can hear the differences in many aspects between the works of the two different periods. Baroque music advocates a kind of dazzling intensity, while classical music advocates stability and logical balance. Although it seems too conventional, it is not lacking in beauty. Appreciating the works of this period, the audience will enjoy a harmonious, elegant yet balanced and unified beauty.

:baike.baidu./view/160959.htm?fr=ala0_1 Classical and Romantic Music

"Classicism" is a rather unclear word. It has several different but related meanings. A less appropriate use is to refer to music other than popular music, including all kinds of serious music, regardless of when it was composed and for what purpose it was written. What this refers to is the music of the period from about 1750 to Beethoven's death in 1827.

The so-called "classical", to be precise, originally refers to the "classical antiquity" of ancient Greece and ancient Rome, which were two great periods of Western civilization. As centuries passed, people looked back to the past and tried to learn from the cultural essence of that era. Due to the influence of excellent ancient culture, people often regard the word "classical" as having an outstanding and outstanding meaning. Whatever is "classical" means that it is the best of its kind. Because of this, the music style of the classical period is very different from other periods. In fact, composers of this period all followed this basic concept when considering musical structure: a concept of balance between tones, giving the listener a clear sense of how the music progresses; and a balance between paragraphs, which the listener is listening to When playing a piece of music, you know exactly what's coming next. The creativity of the composer is merely to add slight variations to this compositional system and contours, rather than to dexterously or enterprisingly create a piece of music that fascinates or surprises the listener. It can also be said that there is no so-called "classical period" in music creation, only "classical style". In this style, Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven wrote their masterpieces. If we say this is an outstanding example, there is some truth to it. But this style did not only appear in the works of the three of them. Other composers of this period were basically based on this style and in accordance with this tradition.

Especially in the late eighteenth century, concert activities developed rapidly. Outstanding performers toured from city to city, and composers' composition techniques were increasingly updated, requiring music to have a more logical and clear form to attract the audience's attention and interest. To adapt to the requirements of this era, a new generation of composers emerged. The three giants are Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven. This is the so-called Viennese classical music school.

Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven were all active in Vienna from the 1880s to the 1820s, and they influenced each other. They are all masters of the sonata form and have written immortal masterpieces of the genre such as sonatas, symphonies, and quartets; they are also committed to the development of themes and the use of tonal configuration to inject delicate and subtle expressions into abstract forms. The instrumental music of these great composers had a huge influence at that time and throughout the nineteenth century. Except for Beethoven's later works, which appear to be more difficult, the works of these three people are both profound and easy to understand, which also promoted the music that began in this period to spread to the world.

The Viennese Classical School, represented by the "Father of Symphony" Haydn, the "Musical Genius" Mozart and the "Music Saint" Beethoven, has erected an immortal monument in the history of music. The main feature of this music school is that it reflects the universal ideological requirements of mankind. They pursue the concept of beauty, emphasize the elegance of style, and give people an optimistic and enterprising spirit.

Romantic Music

Early Romantic music, like other sister arts, also originated from the ideas of the European "Enlightenment Age" and the liberal democratic ideas of the French Revolution. It is more sophisticated than literature. Romanticism came decades later. Beethoven's late works have become the forerunners of early romanticism, and all subsequent composers can be classified as romantics. In terms of era, the mid-19th century was the heyday of Romantic music.

In the late works of classical composers Beethoven, Rossini and Weber, the style of Romantic music has been clearly revealed. It was they who pioneered the Romantic movement. Composers born around 1800 formed the center of early Romanticism. Later, Romantic music was further improved by Mendelssohn, Schumann, Chopin and Verdi, and reached its peak in the era of Tchaikovsky, Liszt and Wagner. These composers and pianists formed the The center of Romanticism. As for the works of modern masters such as ***, Richard Strauss and Rachmaninov, they belong to late romantic music.

The status of the Romantic School in the history of music is self-evident. This period was not only rich in great musicians, but also had an unprecedented range of musical genres, such as songs without words, nocturnes, art songs, and ballads. , symphonic poetry and other novel and unique forms are a great "treasure house" in the history of human art.

Comparison of Classical and Romantic Music Styles

Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven, the three masters of classicism, are the most outstanding representatives of Viennese classicism, starting from the mid-eighteenth century At the beginning, classical music represented by them began to become popular. With the development of the industrial revolution, science and technology, and the impact of the French Revolution, European society underwent profound changes. Art is no longer just high-end art appreciated by the aristocracy. The newly emerging middle class has also become the audience of theaters and concert halls. Therefore, comic operas and simple and lively instrumental music from the folk emerged in large numbers.

This period is praised by historians and art experts as "classical". In the field of music, the classical style is reflected in art. Advocating rationality, the musical language is simple and concise, expressing simple and sincere feelings in a rigorous and harmonious form. This period can be called a glorious achievement in the history of European music. At the same time, it also affects the development of music in various countries around the world.

During the period of European bourgeois nationalities and democratic revolutions in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the form of Romanticism began to take shape, marked by the art songs of the Austrian composer Schubert and the operas of the German composer Wilber. It lasted until the 1820s.

Romantic music represented by Chopin, Schumann, Liszt, Wagner, Tchaikovsky, etc. emphasizes subjectivity, personal emotional expression, and individualized psychological portrayal, with warm emotions. Unrestrained and unrestricted in form, the works of musicians from various ethnic groups are full of distinctive national styles.

The boundaries of time and space between classicism and romanticism are not obvious. They existed for a period of time. It is not easy to find a definition that can clearly separate the two. These definitions are often too simplistic and ignore many very important factors. In fact, classicism is as angular as lines, while romanticism focuses on color and emotion, and contains many subjective and fantasy elements. This is the intuitive feeling that music gives us.

And I think the difference between the two types of music is more in the non-musical elements. By the Romantic period, the status of composers in society had changed. They were no longer employees of a city, court or church. Beethoven during the Classical period had only won a certain degree of independence, because no matter how wealthy those How generously he was left to his own devices, most of his income still depended on the patronage of the nobility. Now, in theory, composers are completely their own masters, but in fact they are servants of the public, so they can make music that the public wants to hear without any concern.

Classicism is like woodcuts, rational, clear, and full of logical thinking, while romantic music is like watercolors and colorful oil paintings, full of various human emotions. Those who like classicism Magnificent and grand, I prefer the delicacy and thoughtfulness of romanticism. Listening to Mozart's "Così" to feel the "combination of laughter and tears", I also like to listen to Schubert's "Serenade". Its sophistication and compactness are amazing. I like music, and I like all types of music. They make me feel passion and emotion that I can’t feel in life. Music enriches me and makes me learn to be moved. Music has emotions and makes people cry. , makes people laugh, and makes people who are gradually moving toward non-self return to themselves. Neither classicism nor romanticism can escape from this foundation. Talk about your understanding of Western classical music around the three masters of Western classical music

Are your three classical masters Mozart, Haydn and Beethoven? This is a big article. It is difficult to describe clearly in simple questions. Who is the representative figure of Western classical music?

Beethoven is a representative figure of Western classical music.

Beethoven is often called a mad musical genius, not only in the field of music, but also the greatest creative artist of all time.

He is a revolutionary composer who continues to change the world of music by breaking rules, stretching musical forms, and unleashing emotions. It is said that he himself brought music from the classical era to the romantic era. Many composers were afraid to perform Beethoven for years after his death, such was the impact of his writing.

Beethoven's music is even more amazing because he wrote so much music while he was almost completely deaf. At the end of the premiere of the Ninth Symphony, the composer had to turn around and watch the cheers he couldn't hear. His works from the last 10 years of his life are considered the greatest works of all time.

Characteristics of classical and romantic music

Classical music is heavy yet passionate, solemn yet wild

Romantic music is relaxed and melodious, not It pays too much attention to strict music theory, free form, rich emotions, delicate and smooth music, and is about Western classicism.

The heyday of classics, realistic classicism, romantic classic music

Classical period:

Haydn: Symphony No. 45 in F sharp minor, "Farewell", G major Symphony No. 94 "Astonishment", Symphony No. 101 in D minor "The Clock", String Quartet "Emperor" in C major, Cello Concerto No. 1 in C major, Cello Concerto No. 2 in D major, Genesis

< p> Mozart: String Serenade in G major, Symphony No. 40 in G minor, Symphony No. 41 in C major "Jupiter", Five Violin Concertos, Clarinet Concerto in A major, Requiem, Figaro Wedding, The Magic Flute, Don Juan

Beethoven: Symphony No. 3 in E flat major "Eroica", Symphony No. 5 in C minor "Destiny", Symphony No. 6 in F major "Pastoral", Symphony No. 7 in A major, Symphony No. 9 in D minor "Chorus", Piano Concerto No. 5 in E flat major "Emperor", Violin Concerto in D major, Triple Concerto in C major, Piano Sonata No. 14 in C sharp minor " "Moonlight", Piano Sonata No. 8 in C minor "Pathétique", Piano Sonata No. 23 in F minor "Passionate"

Rossini: William Tell Overture, The Barber of Seville Overture

Brahms: Symphony No. 1 in C minor, Violin Concerto in D major, Hungarian Dance Collection (including Hungarian Dance No. 5 in F sharp minor)

Romantic period:

Weber: Free Shooter, Invitation to Dance

Schubert: Symphony No. 8 in B minor "Unfinished", Piano Quintet in A major "Trout", String Quartet in D minor " "Death and the Maiden", Serenade, Wild Rose, Ave Maria, Moment of Music in F Minor

Berlioz: Symphony Fantasy, Raccozzi March

Johann Strau the Elder S: Radesky March

Mendelssohn: A Midsummer Night's Dream Overture, Violin Concerto in E minor, Spring Song, Venetian Barcarolle, On the Wings of Song, A Midsummer Night's Dream Suite (including Wedding March)

Chopin: Fantasy Impromptu in C sharp minor, countless mazurkas, serenades and other piano music

Schumann: Fantasy

Liszt: Piano Concerto No. 1 in E flat major, Dream of Love in A flat major, "The Bell" in G sharp minor

Wagner: The Ring of the Nibelung, Lohengrin (including the Wedding March)

Verdi: Aida, La Traviata, Otello, Rigoletto, Trovatore, Falstaff

Gounod: Ave Maria, Papal March (Vatican National Anthem)< /p>

Offenbach: Orfeo in Hell (including Cancan)

Johann Strauss Jr.: Blue Danube Waltz, Story of the Vienna Woods Waltz, the artist's Lifetime Waltz, Southern Rose Waltz, Emperor's Waltz, Sound of Spring Waltz, Viennese Temperament Waltz, Chat Polka, Lightning and Thunder Polka, Pizzicato Polka, Bat Overture

Bizet: Carmen, the Girl from the City of Allais

Tchaikovsky: Symphony No. 6 in B minor "Pathétique", Piano Concerto No. 1 in B flat minor, Violin Concerto in D major, 1812 Overture, Romeo and Juliet Fantasy Overture, Swan Lake, Walnut Clip, Sleeping Beauty

Many sketches are not included (such as Mozart's Minuet, Beethoven's Minuet, etc.), mainly major works are listed